摘要
以氯化胆碱-草酸低共熔溶剂(ChCl-OA DES)为溶剂,ZnO和Fe_2O_3为原料,通过简单的反溶剂沉淀法制备出不同掺杂浓度的Fe~(3+)掺杂ZnO (Fe-ZnO)纳米结构。采用SEM、XRD、拉曼光谱、XPS等手段对所制Fe-ZnO结构与形貌进行了表征。结果表明,Fe-ZnO是由直径为20~30 nm纳米晶组装而成的微米棒。不同掺杂浓度的Fe-ZnO纳米晶均为六方铅锌矿结构,Fe~(3+)很好地进入ZnO晶格。同时考察了所制Fe-ZnO的光吸收特性和光催化活性,发现Fe~(3+)掺杂使其吸收峰红移至可见光范围,有效增强了可见光区域的催化活性。当Fe掺杂量为1.0%(atom)时,样品的光催化活性最好,比ZnO增大了约102倍。这说明Fe~(3+)掺杂可改善ZnO对可见光光子的捕获能力。
Fe~(3+)-doped ZnO(Fe-ZnO) nanostructures with different dopant concentrations were successfully synthesized by a simple antisolvent precipitation method from the choline chloride-oxalic acid deep eutectic solvent(ChCl-OA DES). The structure and morphology of the prepared Fe-ZnO were characterized by SEM, XRD, Raman spectroscopy and XPS. The as-prepared Fe~(3+)-doped ZnO sample was micro-rods that were composed of nanopartiles with diameter of 20-30 nm. All of Fe~(3+)-doped ZnO samples with various Fe~(3+)-doping concentration were hexagonal wurtzite structure and the Fe~(3+) ions were well incorporated into the ZnO crystal lattice. In addition,the optical properties and photocatalytic activities of the samples were investigated based on ultraviolet-visible(UV-Vis) spectra analysis as well as the degradation of Rhodamine B in aqueous solution under visible light.Compared with ZnO catalysts, the threshold wavelength of Fe~(3+)-doped ZnO nanostructure was shifted to the full visible light region(red shift) and their absorption in the visible region increased with increasing of Fe~(3+)-doping concentration from 0 to 5.0%(atom). The content of iron ion was found to be significant to the photocatalytic efficiency of Fe-ZnO nanostructures. The results demonstrated that the most optimal Fe~(3+)-doping concentration was 1.0%(atom), and its photocatalytic activity was increased by 102% compared with ZnO under visible light. The enhanced photoactivity of the Fe~(3+)-doped ZnO nanostructure was mainly due to the improved visible photon harvesting achieved by Fe~(3+) doping.
引文
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