芯管式稠油掺稀混合器设计及其掺混性能研究
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摘要
掺稀降黏是稠油开采工艺中的重要技术,而混合器是增强掺混效果的主要工具。首先,提出了一种新型芯管式稠油掺稀混合器结构,采用芯管微孔外射的方式,实现稀、稠油在环空内掺混,同时根据"文丘里效应"原理设计变截面锥管结构,以形成不规则湍流,实现二次掺混。该混合器具有掺混效果好、对油液压降影响小等优点。其次,利用CFD(computational fluid dynamics,计算流体动力学)仿真技术研究了微孔直径、微孔密度、喷射角度、内锥角和出入口压差等5个因素对掺混不均匀度系数和掺稀比的影响。最后,针对塔河油田采油二厂的稠油掺稀开采工况,设计了一款可对接3 1/2″油管的混合器,并进行了室内掺混实验分析,获得的掺混不均匀度系数为0.023 4,掺稀比为0.290 1,达到了理想水平,这表明该混合器具有良好的掺稀降黏性能。研究成果为提高稠油开采效率和减小抽油设备的故障率提供了新的技术手段。
Diluting viscosity is an important form for heavy oil recovery technology,while mixer is the main tool to improve mixing effect in this process.Firstly,a new type of core tube heavy oil mixing and diluting mixer structure was proposed.The method of core pipe micro hole ejection was adopted to realize the mixing of thin oil and heavy oil in annular space,meanwhile,the tapered tube structure was designed to form irregular turbulence according to the Venturi effect to achieve twice mixing.The proposed structure had a good mixing effect and little influence on oil hydraulic pressure drop.Secondly,the influence of five factors which included micro pore diameter,micro pore density,injection angle,internal cone angle and inlet and outlet pressure difference on the mixing non-uniformity coefficient and the dilution ratio was studied by CFD(computational fluid dynamics)numerical simulation.Finally,a mixer for butt 3 1/2″tubing was designed according to the actual conditions of heavy oil mixing and diluting in Tahe oilfield andthe laboratory experiment was carried out.The obtained mixing non-uniformity coefficient was0.023 4 and the dilution ratio was 0.290 1,which was achieved the ideal level and indicated that this mixer has a good diluting viscosity performance.The research results provide technical support for improving the recovery efficiency of heavy oil and reduce the failure rate of pumping equipment.
Diluting viscosity is an important form for heavy oil recovery technology,while mixer is the main tool to improve mixing effect in this process.Firstly,a new type of core tube heavy oil mixing and diluting mixer structure was proposed.The method of core pipe micro hole ejection was adopted to realize the mixing of thin oil and heavy oil in annular space,meanwhile,the tapered tube structure was designed to form irregular turbulence according to the Venturi effect to achieve twice mixing.The proposed structure had a good mixing effect and little influence on oil hydraulic pressure drop.Secondly,the influence of five factors which included micro pore diameter,micro pore density,injection angle,internal cone angle and inlet and outlet pressure difference on the mixing non-uniformity coefficient and the dilution ratio was studied by CFD(computational fluid dynamics)numerical simulation.Finally,a mixer for butt 3 1/2″tubing was designed according to the actual conditions of heavy oil mixing and diluting in Tahe oilfield andthe laboratory experiment was carried out.The obtained mixing non-uniformity coefficient was0.023 4 and the dilution ratio was 0.290 1,which was achieved the ideal level and indicated that this mixer has a good diluting viscosity performance.The research results provide technical support for improving the recovery efficiency of heavy oil and reduce the failure rate of pumping equipment.
引文
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[18]张吕鸿,董佳鑫,周雪松,等.新型三次采油用静态混合器组合的性能研究[J].天津大学学报(自然科学与工程技术版),2015,48(10):894-900.ZHANG Lü-hong,DONG Jia-xin,ZHOU Xue-song,et al.Performance study of static mixer combination for new type of third production[J].Journal of Tianjin University(Science and Technology),2015,48(10):894-900.
[19]肖飞.新疆稠油掺稀立管流动模拟研究[D].成都:西南石油大学石油与天然气工程学院,2014:18-19.XIAO Fei.Riser flow simulation of heavy oil diluted in Xinjiang[D].Chengdu:Southwest Petroleum University,Petroleum Engineering School,2014:18-19.
[2]石在虹,薛承瑾,王雅茹,等.一种超深井稠油掺稀混配系统:CN201288542[P].2009-08-12.SHI Zai-hong,XUE Cheng-jin,WANG Ya-ru,et al.A super deep well heavy oil mixing system:CN201288542[P].2009-08-12.
[3]田军,周理志,曹建红,等.稠油掺稀装置、具有该装置的生产管柱及稠油掺稀方法:CN105756631A[P].2016-07-13.TIAN Jun,ZHOU Li-zhi,CAO Jian-hong,et al.Heavy oil dilution device,production column and heavy oil dilution method with the device:CN105756631A[P].2016-07-13.
[4]KARSTEN Wilken.Static mixer:US20050078553A1[P].2005-04-14.
[5]ZHAO Yu.Static mixer:US20170056846A1[P].2017-03-02.
[6]MILTON C.Static mixer:US4222672[P].1980-09-16.
[7]黄志强,刘立焱,李琴,等.一种适用于超稠油掺稀开采的喷射式旋转混油器:CN102155204A[P].2011-08-17.HUANG Zhi-qiang,LIU Li-yan,LI Qin,et al.A spray rotary oil mixer for super heavy oil diluted mining:CN102155204A[P].2011-08-17.
[8]李琴,彭云,黄志强,等.一种适用于稠油掺稀开采的主动旋转动态混合器:CN103306647[P].2013-09-18.LI Qin,PENG Yun,HUANG Zhi-qiang,et al.An driving rotating dynamic mixer for heavy oil sparging:CN103306647[P].2013-09-18.
[9]林涛,赵海洋,张志宏,等.稠油降粘井下高效混配器:CN201218092Y[P].2009-04-08.LIN Tao,ZHAO Hai-yang,ZHANG Zhi-hong,et al.Heavy oil viscosity downhole efficient mixing device:CN201218092Y[P].2009-04-08.
[10]潘昭才,肖云,王春生,等.一种叶片式双向涡流腔室静态混合器:CN201218092Y[P].2009-04-08.PAN Zhao-cai,XIAO Yun,WANG Chun-sheng,et al.A blade two-way vortex chamber static mixer:CN201218092Y[P].2009-04-08.
[11]SUNDARARAJ S, SELLADURAI V.Flow and mixing pattern of transverse turbulent jet in venturi-jet mixer[J].Arabian Journal for Science&Engineering,2013,38(12):3563-3573.
[12]HOBBS D M,MUZZIO F J.The Kenics static mixer:a three-dimensional chaotic flow[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,1997,67(3):153-166.
[13]李琴,彭云,黄志强,等.稠油掺稀井下动态混合器数值模拟研究[J].石油机械,2014,42(4):72-76.LI Qin,PENG Yun,HUANG Zhi-qiang,et al.Numerical simulation of the downhole dynamic mixer for heavy oil thin mixing[J].China Petroleum Machinery,2014,42(4):72-76.
[14]朱克勤,许春晓.粘性流体力学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2009:126-128.ZHU Ke-qin,XU Chun-xiao.Viscous fluid mechanics[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2009:126-128.
[15]ROJAS-SOLORZANO L,ORTEGA P,MCGRATH G.Two-fluid mixing enhancement by using a static turbulence generator[C]//SPE International Thermal Operations and Heavy Oil Symposium,Porlamar,Margarita Island,Mar.12-14,2001.
[16]MONTANTE G,CORONEO M,PAGLIANTI A.Blending of miscible liquids with different densities and viscosities in static mixers[J].Chemical Engineering Science,2016,141:250-260.
[17]王旭,赵春立,韩万里,等.稠油掺稀井下静态混合器数值仿真研究[J].重庆科技学院学报(自然科学版),2015,17(4):72-76.WANG Xu,ZHAO Li-chun,HAN Wan-li,et al.Numerical simulation of heavy oil blending-downhole static mixer[J].Journal of Chongqing University of Science and Technology(Natural Sciences Edition),2015,17(4):72-76.
[18]张吕鸿,董佳鑫,周雪松,等.新型三次采油用静态混合器组合的性能研究[J].天津大学学报(自然科学与工程技术版),2015,48(10):894-900.ZHANG Lü-hong,DONG Jia-xin,ZHOU Xue-song,et al.Performance study of static mixer combination for new type of third production[J].Journal of Tianjin University(Science and Technology),2015,48(10):894-900.
[19]肖飞.新疆稠油掺稀立管流动模拟研究[D].成都:西南石油大学石油与天然气工程学院,2014:18-19.XIAO Fei.Riser flow simulation of heavy oil diluted in Xinjiang[D].Chengdu:Southwest Petroleum University,Petroleum Engineering School,2014:18-19.