国家领导人著作英译规范的嬗变及其动因研究——从领导人著作的标题英译谈起
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摘要
国家领导人著作英译经过六十余年的实践逐步形成了自身的规范体系。通过调查标题英译策略,并借助描述翻译学的"规范"概念,本文分析了国家领导人著作英译规范的嬗变,发现:《毛泽东选集》英译以直译为主,追求翻译的充分性;《邓小平文选》英译策略较为灵活,更注重译文的交际效果;《习近平谈治国理政》英译策略变通多元,注重翻译的可接受性。论文从翻译诗学、社会历史语境、译者风格、受众群体等方面探讨了翻译规范嬗变的动因,并从社会性、目的性等方面反思国家领导人著作英译的规范问题,以期对构建中国对外政治话语体系有所启迪。
The translation of Chinese leaders' selected works,through more than 60 years' practice,has gradually established its own system of translation norms. By investigating the strategies of title translation in Selected Works of Mao Tse-tung( Vol. Ⅳ),Selected Works of Deng Xiaoping( Vol. Ⅲ) and Xi Jinping: The Governance of China,and based upon the notion of ‘norm'in the descriptive translation studies,the paper analyzes the changes of norms in English translation of Chinese leaders' works and the reasons behind. A careful reading of these versions reveals that English translation of Selected Works of Mao Tse-tung gives priority to literal translation;the translation of Selected Works of Deng Xiaoping attaches more importance to the communicative effect; and the translation of Xi Jinping: The Governance of China takes care of the acceptability of translation by employing more flexible and diversified strategies.
The translation of Chinese leaders' selected works,through more than 60 years' practice,has gradually established its own system of translation norms. By investigating the strategies of title translation in Selected Works of Mao Tse-tung( Vol. Ⅳ),Selected Works of Deng Xiaoping( Vol. Ⅲ) and Xi Jinping: The Governance of China,and based upon the notion of ‘norm'in the descriptive translation studies,the paper analyzes the changes of norms in English translation of Chinese leaders' works and the reasons behind. A careful reading of these versions reveals that English translation of Selected Works of Mao Tse-tung gives priority to literal translation;the translation of Selected Works of Deng Xiaoping attaches more importance to the communicative effect; and the translation of Xi Jinping: The Governance of China takes care of the acceptability of translation by employing more flexible and diversified strategies.
引文
[1]程镇球.翻译问题探索---毛选英译研究[M].北京:商务印书馆,1980.
[2]邓小平.邓小平文选(第三卷)[M].北京:人民出版社,1993.
[3]韩江洪.论中国的翻译规范研究[J].山东外语教学,2004(6):69-72.
[4]李红满.布迪厄与翻译社会学的理论建构[J].中国翻译,2007(5):6-9.
[5]李雅芳.如何实现国际传播中的“无障碍”阅读---以北京周报社的传播实践为例[J].中国翻译,2015(5):11-12.
[6]廖七一.翻译规范及其研究途径[J].外语教学,2009:95-98,103.
[7]毛泽东.毛泽东选集(第四卷)[M].北京:人民出版社,1960/1966.
[8]钱锺书.林纾的翻译[A].罗新璋主编.翻译论集[C].北京:商务印书馆,1984.
[9]童孝华.翻译是一门创意艺术---十八大翻译实证解析[J].中国翻译,2013(2):101-108.
[10]童孝华.翻译的主体意识---2014年政府工作报告翻译心得[J].中国翻译,2014(4):92-97.
[11]王传英.翻译规范理论的社会学重释[J].上海翻译,2013:14-19.
[12]杨柳.20世纪西方翻译理论在中国的接受史[M].上海:上海外语教育出版社,2009.
[13]杨敏.“伦敦版”英译毛选的诞生[J].发展,2014(10):46-48.
[14]张春柏.如何讲述中国故事:全球化背景下中国文学的外译问题[J].外语教学理论与实践,2015(4):9-14.
[15]Chesterman,Andrew.Memes of Translation:The Spread of Ideas in Translation Theory[M].Shanghai:Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press,2012.
[16]Deng Xiaoping.Selected Works of Deng Xiaoping(Volume III)[M].Beijing:Foreign Languages Press,1994.
[17]Hermans,Theo.Toury’s empiricism version one[J].The Translator,1995(2):215-223.
[18]Mao Tse-tung.Selected Works of Mao Tse-tung(Volume IV)[M].Beijing:Foreign Languages Press,1961.
[19]Toury,Gideon.In Search of a Theory of Translation[M].Tel Aviv:The Porter Institute for Poetics and Semiotics,1980.
[20]Toury,Gideon.Descriptive Translation Studies and Beyond[M].Amsterdam:John Benjamins,1995.
[21]Xi Jinping.Xi Jinping:The Governance of China(Volume)[M].Beijing:Foreign Languages Press,2014.
[22]徐明强.用最简单朴实的语言,让读者看懂[译讲堂][EB/OL].http://www.china.org.cn/chinese/2016-09/21/content_39342370.htm(2016-9-21).
(1)文中下划线均为笔者所加。
(2)徐明强.用最简单朴实的语言,让读者看懂[译讲堂][EB/OL].http://www.china.org.cn/chinese/2016-09/21 /content_39342370.htm(2016-9-21).
[2]邓小平.邓小平文选(第三卷)[M].北京:人民出版社,1993.
[3]韩江洪.论中国的翻译规范研究[J].山东外语教学,2004(6):69-72.
[4]李红满.布迪厄与翻译社会学的理论建构[J].中国翻译,2007(5):6-9.
[5]李雅芳.如何实现国际传播中的“无障碍”阅读---以北京周报社的传播实践为例[J].中国翻译,2015(5):11-12.
[6]廖七一.翻译规范及其研究途径[J].外语教学,2009:95-98,103.
[7]毛泽东.毛泽东选集(第四卷)[M].北京:人民出版社,1960/1966.
[8]钱锺书.林纾的翻译[A].罗新璋主编.翻译论集[C].北京:商务印书馆,1984.
[9]童孝华.翻译是一门创意艺术---十八大翻译实证解析[J].中国翻译,2013(2):101-108.
[10]童孝华.翻译的主体意识---2014年政府工作报告翻译心得[J].中国翻译,2014(4):92-97.
[11]王传英.翻译规范理论的社会学重释[J].上海翻译,2013:14-19.
[12]杨柳.20世纪西方翻译理论在中国的接受史[M].上海:上海外语教育出版社,2009.
[13]杨敏.“伦敦版”英译毛选的诞生[J].发展,2014(10):46-48.
[14]张春柏.如何讲述中国故事:全球化背景下中国文学的外译问题[J].外语教学理论与实践,2015(4):9-14.
[15]Chesterman,Andrew.Memes of Translation:The Spread of Ideas in Translation Theory[M].Shanghai:Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press,2012.
[16]Deng Xiaoping.Selected Works of Deng Xiaoping(Volume III)[M].Beijing:Foreign Languages Press,1994.
[17]Hermans,Theo.Toury’s empiricism version one[J].The Translator,1995(2):215-223.
[18]Mao Tse-tung.Selected Works of Mao Tse-tung(Volume IV)[M].Beijing:Foreign Languages Press,1961.
[19]Toury,Gideon.In Search of a Theory of Translation[M].Tel Aviv:The Porter Institute for Poetics and Semiotics,1980.
[20]Toury,Gideon.Descriptive Translation Studies and Beyond[M].Amsterdam:John Benjamins,1995.
[21]Xi Jinping.Xi Jinping:The Governance of China(Volume)[M].Beijing:Foreign Languages Press,2014.
[22]徐明强.用最简单朴实的语言,让读者看懂[译讲堂][EB/OL].http://www.china.org.cn/chinese/2016-09/21/content_39342370.htm(2016-9-21).
(1)文中下划线均为笔者所加。
(2)徐明强.用最简单朴实的语言,让读者看懂[译讲堂][EB/OL].http://www.china.org.cn/chinese/2016-09/21 /content_39342370.htm(2016-9-21).