基于SPH方法的卫星云图三维云体仿真研究
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摘要
提出一种基于SPH(Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics)方法的卫星云图的快速云三维仿真算法,从卫星云图中提取真实云的二维轮廓,使用不同级别的圆形进行云轮廓曲线的拟合,将所获得的圆形扩展到三维空间,形成类球体。根据光滑粒子流体动力学的原理,在生成的云三维类球体中生成一定数量粒子,并为这些粒子赋予颜色、大小、速度、光滑核等初始属性,对粒子进行渲染,实现云的三维模拟。通过实验证明该算法能够快速逼真地仿真出卫星云图中不同类型形状的三维云。
A fast cloud three-dimensional simulation algorithm based on smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPH) is proposed. The two-dimensional contours of the real cloud are extracted from the satellite cloud image, and the cloud contour curves are fitted with different levels of circular clouds. The obtained circle is extended to the three-dimensional space with the center and the radius as necessary to form the spherical shape. According to the principle of SPH, a certain number of particles are generated in the generated cloud three-dimensional sphere; and the particles are given the initial properties such as color, size, speed and smooth kernel, so as to render particles and complete the three-dimensional simulation of cloud. It is proved that the algorithm can simulate the three-dimensional cloud of different kinds of shapes in the satellite cloud image rapidly and realistically.
A fast cloud three-dimensional simulation algorithm based on smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPH) is proposed. The two-dimensional contours of the real cloud are extracted from the satellite cloud image, and the cloud contour curves are fitted with different levels of circular clouds. The obtained circle is extended to the three-dimensional space with the center and the radius as necessary to form the spherical shape. According to the principle of SPH, a certain number of particles are generated in the generated cloud three-dimensional sphere; and the particles are given the initial properties such as color, size, speed and smooth kernel, so as to render particles and complete the three-dimensional simulation of cloud. It is proved that the algorithm can simulate the three-dimensional cloud of different kinds of shapes in the satellite cloud image rapidly and realistically.
引文
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[17]Ren B,Yan X,Yang T,et al.Fast Sph Simulation for Gaseous Fluids[J].The Visual Computer(S0178-2789),2016,32(4):523-534.
[18]Hong W,House D H,Keyser J.Adaptive Particles for Incompressible Fluid Simulation[J].The Visual Computer(S0178-2789),2008,24(7):535-543.
[19]Clavet S,Beaudoin P,Poulin P.Particle-Based Viscoelastic Fluid Simulation[C].ACM Siggraph/eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation,SCA2005.Los Angeles:Ca,USA,July,2005:219-228.
[20]Lucy L B.A Numerical Approach to the Testing of the Fission Hypothesis[J].Astronomical Journal(S0004-637X),1977,82:1013-1024.
[21]Monaghan J J.Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics[J].Journal of the Korean Astronomical Society(S1225-4614),2010,34(68):1703.
[22]Domínguez J M,Crespo A J C,Gómez-Gesteira M.Optimization Strategies for Cpu and Gpu Implementations of a Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics Method[J].Computer Physics Communications(S0010-4655),2013,184(3):617-627.
[23]孙学金.大气探测学[M].北京:气象出版社,2009.Sun Xuejin.Daqi Tance xue[M].Beijing:China Meteorological Press,2009.
[24]Ferreira Barbosa C W,Dobashi Y,Yamamoto T.Adaptive Cloud Simulation Using Position Based Fluids[J].Computer Animation&Virtual Worlds(S0546-4261),2015,26(3/4):367-375.
[25]刘国纬.水文循环的大气过程[M].北京:科学出版社.1997:395-396.Liu Guowei.Atmosphere Process in Hydrologic Cycle[M].Beijing:Science Press,1997:395-396.
[26]Liu G R,Liu M B.光滑粒子流体动力学:一种无网格粒子法[M].长沙:湖南大学出版社,2005.Liu G R,Liu M B.Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics:Ameshfree particle method[M].Changsha:Hunan University Press,2005.
[27]许函.基于粒子系统的动态云的实时模拟[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2009.Xu Han.Real-time Simulation for Particle System based Dynamical Cloud[D].Wuhan:Huazhong University of Science and Technology,2009.
[28]徐慧玲.基于粒子系统三维云的模拟仿真[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2010.Xu Huilin.Simulation of 3D Cloud Based on Particle System[D].Wuhan:Wuhan University of Technology,2010.
[29]АБ卡林诺夫斯基,НЗ庇努斯.高空气象学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1956.АБКалиновский,H 3пинус.Aerial Meteorology[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,1956.
[30]Harris M J.Real-Time Cloud Simulation and Rendering[J].ACM SIGGRAPH(S0097-8930),2005:222.
[31]何晓曦,陈雷霆,朱清新.一种简化的流体方法快速仿真大型三维云场景[J].计算机应用研究,2012,29(6):2357-2359.He Xiaoxi,Chen Leiting,Zhu Qingxin.Simplified fluid method for fast simulation of large three-dimensional cloud scene[J].Application Research of Computers,2012,29(6):2357-2359.
[32]刘鉴轩,张志春,张旺.飞行视景系统中的三维云模拟技术研究与实现[J].电子设计工程,2013,21(19):190-193.Liu Jianxuan,Zhang Zhichun,Zhang Wang.Study and implement about the 3D clouds in fight simulator scene[J].Electronic Design Engineering,2013,21(19):190-193.
[33]Vel S A,Magnenat-Thalmann N,Thalmann D,et al.Hierarchical Structures for Collision Checking Between Virtual Characters[J].Computer Animation&Virtual Worlds(S0546-4261),2014,25(3/4):333-342.
[2]刘世光,彭群生.气象景观的真实感模拟技术综述[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2008,20(4):409-416.Liu Shiguang,Peng Qunsheng.A Technical Review on the Process in Modeling and Rendering of Atmospheric Phenomena[J].Journal of Computer-Aided Design and Computer Graphics,2008,20(4):409-416.
[3]杜玺伦,谭家万.真实感图形学的光照模型研究综述[J].电子技术与软件工程,2014(1):112-113.Du Xilun,Tan Jiawan.Review of illumination models for realistic graphics[J].Electronic Technology&Software Engineering,2014(1):112-113.
[4]徐丽娟.基于纹理分析云的分类技术的研究[D].南京:南京信息工程大学,2012.Xu Lijuan.Research on the cloud classification technology based on the texture analysis[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology,2012.
[5]Dobashi Y,Yamamoto T,Nishita T.A Controllable Method for Animation of Earth-Scale Clouds[C].Proceedings of Computer Animation and Social Agents,Geneva Switzerland:Computer Graphics and Society,2006:43-52.
[6]徐江斌.基于气象数据的云景真实感模拟技术研究[D].长沙:国防科学技术大学,2010.Xu Jiangbin.Research on realistic Simulation of cloud Scene based on Meteorological Data[D].Changsha:National University of Defense Technology,2010.
[7]郭烨旻.基于粒子系统的三维云模拟方法及其研究[D].长春:东北师范大学,2010.Guo Yemin.Three-dimensional cloud-based partical sysytem simulation method and study[D].Changchun:Northeast Normal University,2010.
[8]李婷,季民,靳奉祥,等.基于光滑粒子流体动力学算法的海浪建模仿真研究[J].地球信息科学学报.2017,19(2):161-166.Li Ting,Ji Min,Jin Fengxiang,et al.Research on ocean wave simulation based on the method of combining smoothed particle hydrodynamics with marching cubes algorithm[J].Journal of Geo-information Science,2017,19(2):161-166.
[9]卢石磊,赵正旭.基于粒子系统的海量云层数据的可视化研究[J].河北省科学院学报,2014,31(2):29-34.Lu Shilei,Zhao Zhengxu.Research of visualizing massive cloud data based on particle system[J].Journal of the Hebei Academy of Sciences,2014,31(2):29-34.
[10]孙鹏楠,李云波,明付仁.自由上浮气泡运动特性的光滑粒子流体动力学模拟[J].物理学报,2015,64(17):199-213.Sun Pengnan,Li Yunbo,Ming Furen.Numerical simulation on the motion characteristics of freely rising bubbles using smoothed particle hydrodynamics method[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2015,64(17):199-213.
[11]李阳,孔毅,陈基伟,等.基于粒子系统的新型三维云绘制技术[J].软件导刊,2015,14(1):19-21.Li Yang,Kong Yi,Chen Jiwei,et al.A new 3D cloud rendering technique based on particle system[J].Software Guide,2015,14(1):19-21.
[12]李海州,唐振远,万德成.GPU技术在SPH上的应用[C].第27届全国水动力学研讨会文集.北京:海洋出版社,2015.Li Haizhou,Tang Zhenyuan,Wan Decheng.Application of pressure GPU technology on SPH[C].23rd Proceeding of National Symposium on hydrodynamics.Beijing:China Ocean Press,2015.
[13]张中兴,李冬梅,李涛,等.一种新的有效模拟不可压缩流体的SPH方法[J].计算机应用研究,2015,32(3):946-949.Zhang Zhongxing,Li Dongmei,Li Tao,et al.New efficient SPH approach for incompressible fluid simulation[J].Application Research of Computers,2015,32(3):946-949.
[14]谢永华,袁复兴,王畅.基于重要性采样的三维云光照模型的研究[J].系统仿真学报,2016,28(1):57-62.Xie Yonghua,Yuan Fuxing,Wang Chang.Research of3D Cloud Illumination Model Based on Importance Sampling[J].Journal of System Simulation,2016,28(1):57-62.
[15]刘芳,刘贤梅,吴琼.三维场景中体积云的研究与实现[J].计算机技术与发展,2015,25(5):135-137.Liu Fang,Liu Xianmei,Wu Qiong.Research and Implementation of Volumetric Cloud in 3D Scene[J].Computer Technology and Development,2015,25(5):135-137.
[16]陈小龙,袁赞.基于体绘制的动态云场景模拟[J].计算机技术与发展,2015,25(2):29-32.Chen Xiaolong,Yuan Zan.Dynamic Cloud Scene Simulation Based on Volume Rendering[J].Computer Technology and Development.2015,25(2):29-32.
[17]Ren B,Yan X,Yang T,et al.Fast Sph Simulation for Gaseous Fluids[J].The Visual Computer(S0178-2789),2016,32(4):523-534.
[18]Hong W,House D H,Keyser J.Adaptive Particles for Incompressible Fluid Simulation[J].The Visual Computer(S0178-2789),2008,24(7):535-543.
[19]Clavet S,Beaudoin P,Poulin P.Particle-Based Viscoelastic Fluid Simulation[C].ACM Siggraph/eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation,SCA2005.Los Angeles:Ca,USA,July,2005:219-228.
[20]Lucy L B.A Numerical Approach to the Testing of the Fission Hypothesis[J].Astronomical Journal(S0004-637X),1977,82:1013-1024.
[21]Monaghan J J.Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics[J].Journal of the Korean Astronomical Society(S1225-4614),2010,34(68):1703.
[22]Domínguez J M,Crespo A J C,Gómez-Gesteira M.Optimization Strategies for Cpu and Gpu Implementations of a Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics Method[J].Computer Physics Communications(S0010-4655),2013,184(3):617-627.
[23]孙学金.大气探测学[M].北京:气象出版社,2009.Sun Xuejin.Daqi Tance xue[M].Beijing:China Meteorological Press,2009.
[24]Ferreira Barbosa C W,Dobashi Y,Yamamoto T.Adaptive Cloud Simulation Using Position Based Fluids[J].Computer Animation&Virtual Worlds(S0546-4261),2015,26(3/4):367-375.
[25]刘国纬.水文循环的大气过程[M].北京:科学出版社.1997:395-396.Liu Guowei.Atmosphere Process in Hydrologic Cycle[M].Beijing:Science Press,1997:395-396.
[26]Liu G R,Liu M B.光滑粒子流体动力学:一种无网格粒子法[M].长沙:湖南大学出版社,2005.Liu G R,Liu M B.Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics:Ameshfree particle method[M].Changsha:Hunan University Press,2005.
[27]许函.基于粒子系统的动态云的实时模拟[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2009.Xu Han.Real-time Simulation for Particle System based Dynamical Cloud[D].Wuhan:Huazhong University of Science and Technology,2009.
[28]徐慧玲.基于粒子系统三维云的模拟仿真[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2010.Xu Huilin.Simulation of 3D Cloud Based on Particle System[D].Wuhan:Wuhan University of Technology,2010.
[29]АБ卡林诺夫斯基,НЗ庇努斯.高空气象学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1956.АБКалиновский,H 3пинус.Aerial Meteorology[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,1956.
[30]Harris M J.Real-Time Cloud Simulation and Rendering[J].ACM SIGGRAPH(S0097-8930),2005:222.
[31]何晓曦,陈雷霆,朱清新.一种简化的流体方法快速仿真大型三维云场景[J].计算机应用研究,2012,29(6):2357-2359.He Xiaoxi,Chen Leiting,Zhu Qingxin.Simplified fluid method for fast simulation of large three-dimensional cloud scene[J].Application Research of Computers,2012,29(6):2357-2359.
[32]刘鉴轩,张志春,张旺.飞行视景系统中的三维云模拟技术研究与实现[J].电子设计工程,2013,21(19):190-193.Liu Jianxuan,Zhang Zhichun,Zhang Wang.Study and implement about the 3D clouds in fight simulator scene[J].Electronic Design Engineering,2013,21(19):190-193.
[33]Vel S A,Magnenat-Thalmann N,Thalmann D,et al.Hierarchical Structures for Collision Checking Between Virtual Characters[J].Computer Animation&Virtual Worlds(S0546-4261),2014,25(3/4):333-342.