四种方法对火力楠叶片油的提取分析
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摘要
以火力楠叶片为试验材料,开展火力楠叶片油提取研究。采用水蒸气蒸馏、超声波辅助、索氏提取和超临界CO_2萃取四种方法,结合气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)仪的分析,研究不同提取方法对火力楠叶片油化学成分及其含量的影响。结果表明:四种提取方法经优化后提取率分别达到0.345%、0.261%、3.676%和3.899%;进一步GC-MS分析有效成分的种类分别为18种、47种、38种和37种,主要成分有石竹烯、榄香醇、榄香烯、亚麻酸、棕榈酸和亚油酸等;四种方法提取叶片油中有效成分分别所占百分比为86.82%、94.13%、87.45%和92.72%。四种提取方法所得到的火力楠叶片的油成分有一定差异,在以后的应用生产中,可根据主要化学组分的需要来选取最适当的提取方法。综合提取得率及提取效率,超临界CO_2萃取法效果最佳。
Michelia macclurei leaves were used as materials for extraction the content of essential oil. Four methods of steam distillation, ultrasound-assisted extraction, soxhlet extraction and supercritical CO2 extraction were chosen for extraction M. macclurei essential oil, the resulting oil composition and content were analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry coupled with(GC-MS) isolation and identification. The results showed: the extraction rate of four methods were 0.345%, 0.261%, 3.676% and 3.899% respectively; the use of GC-MS detection analysis showed that the type of four methods resulting essential oil components were 18, 47, 38 and 37 species respectively, the main ingredients were Caryophyllene, Elemol, Elemene, Methyl linolenate, Methyl hexadecanoate, Methyl linoleateand and so on. The percentage of the active ingredient in essential oil content were86.82%, 94.13%, 87.45% and 92.72% respectively. There were some differences of the oil composition extracted by four methods from M. macclurei leaves, this would be provide a guideline for selection most suitable extraction method following the target of oil components in future application. In a word, the extract method of supercriticalCO2 was the best with comprehensively considering the extraction rate and efficiency.
Michelia macclurei leaves were used as materials for extraction the content of essential oil. Four methods of steam distillation, ultrasound-assisted extraction, soxhlet extraction and supercritical CO2 extraction were chosen for extraction M. macclurei essential oil, the resulting oil composition and content were analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry coupled with(GC-MS) isolation and identification. The results showed: the extraction rate of four methods were 0.345%, 0.261%, 3.676% and 3.899% respectively; the use of GC-MS detection analysis showed that the type of four methods resulting essential oil components were 18, 47, 38 and 37 species respectively, the main ingredients were Caryophyllene, Elemol, Elemene, Methyl linolenate, Methyl hexadecanoate, Methyl linoleateand and so on. The percentage of the active ingredient in essential oil content were86.82%, 94.13%, 87.45% and 92.72% respectively. There were some differences of the oil composition extracted by four methods from M. macclurei leaves, this would be provide a guideline for selection most suitable extraction method following the target of oil components in future application. In a word, the extract method of supercriticalCO2 was the best with comprehensively considering the extraction rate and efficiency.
引文
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Li S.,Wang C.Z.,Tang X.X.,Wang X.H.,and Zhou X.,2015,Study on the physical-chemical properties and components of peony essential oil extracted by different extraction methods,Shipin Gongye(The Food Industry),36(7):170-174(李双,王成忠,唐晓璇,王晓华,周晓,2015,不同提取方法对牡丹精油理化性质和成分的影响,食品工业,36(7):170-174)
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Ma B.,Zhang T.T.,Su S.L.,Zhang K.P.,Li R.F.,and Li B.L.,2016,An oleaginous yeast BS01:isolation,identification and evaluation of anti-oxidant capacity of its oil,Jiyin Zuxue Yu Yingyong Shengwuxue(Genomics and Applied Biology),35(10):2755-2762(马博,张婷婷,苏仕林,张开平,李荣峰,李冰莲,2016,高产油脂酵母BS01的分离鉴定及其油脂抗氧化活性评价,基因组学与应用生物学,35(10):2755-2762)
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Bimakr M.,and Ganjloo A.,2016,Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of bioactive compounds,Food and Nutrition Journal,(1):48-56
Cao G.Q.,Lin S.Z.,Wang A.P.,Zheng Y.P.,and Hu Z.Q.,2005,Effect of Michelia macclurei root extraction by supercritical fluid on the seed germination of Pinus massoniana,Zhongguo Shengtai Nongye Xuebao(Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture),13(4):32-35(曹光球,林思祖,王爱萍,郑燕萍,胡宗庆,2005,火力楠根超临界提取物对马尾松种子的化感效应研究,中国生态农业学报,13(4):32-35)
Danielski L.,Brunner G..,Schwnke C.,Zetzla C.,Henseb H.,and Donosoc J.P.M.,2008,Deterpenation of mandarin(Citrus reticulata)peel oils by means of countercur-rent multistage extraction and adsorption/desorption with su-percritical CO2,The Journal of Supercritical Fluids,44(3):315-324
Elhassan I.A.,Eltayeb I.M.,and Khalafalla E.B.,2016,Physiochemical investigation of essential oils fro m three Cymbopogon species cultivated in Sudan,Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry,5(1):24-29
Fornari T.,Vicente G.,Vázquez E.,García-Risco M.R.,and Reglero G.,2012,Isolation of essential oil from different plants and herbs by supercritical fluid extraction,J.Chromatogr.A.1250:34-48
Guo D.,Zeng J.F.,Fan G.R.,Wang P.,and Chen S.X.,2015,Research progress in chemical compositions and bioactivity of essential oil from Cinnamomum camphora,Shengwuzhi Huaxue Gongcheng(Biomass Chemical Engineering),49(1):53-57(郭丹,曾解放,范国荣,王鹏,陈尚钘,2015,樟树精油的化学成分及生物活性研究进展,生物质化学工程,49(1)53-57)
He J.Y.,2016,The growth effect of 3 years old Michelia macclure different provenances and families,Fujian Linye Keji(Jour nal of Fujian Forestry Science and Technology),43(4):34-38(何金元,2016,3年生火力楠不同种源,家系子代测定,福建林业科技,43(4):34-38)
Huang R.Z.,Tan D.F.,Zhang J.Q.,and Huang L.F.,2008,Chemica constituents of leaf volatile oil from three Araucariaceae Linye Kexue(Scientia Silvae Sinicae),44(12):99-104(黄儒珠,檀东飞,张建清,黄丽峰,2008,3种南洋杉可植物叶挥发油的化学成分,林业科学,44(12):99-104)
Huang R.Z.,Tan D.F.,Zheng Y.S.,and Huang L.F.,2009,Chemical constituents of the volatile oils from leaves of Michelia macclurei Dandy,Redai Yaredai Zhiwu Xuebao(Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Botany),17(4):406-408(黄儒珠檀东飞,郑娅珊,黄丽峰,2009,醉香含笑叶挥发油化学成分,热带亚热带植物学报,17(4):406-408)
Ismaiel O.A.,Abdelghani E.,Mousa H.,Eldahmy S.I.,and Bayoumy B.E.,2016,Determination of estragole in pharmaceutical products,herbal teas and herbal extracts using gc-fid Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science,6(12):144-150
Jiang Q.B.,Li Q.Y.,Chen Y.,Zhong C.L.,Zhang Y.,Chen Z.Pinyopusarerk K.,and Bush D.,2017,Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi enhanced growth of Magnolia macclurei(Dandy)figlar seedlings grown under glasshouse conditions,Fores Science,63(4):441-448
Jiang Q.B.,Li Q.Y.,and Zhong C.L.,2017,Cultivation and comprehensive utilization of native precious tree of Michelia macclurei Dandy,Linye Keji Tongxun(Forest Science and Technology),(8):3-7(姜清彬,李清莹,仲崇禄,2017,乡土珍贵树种火力楠的培育与综合利用,林业科技通讯,(8):3-7)
Li Q.Y.,Wen S.N.,Jiang Q.B.,Zhong C.L.,Chen Y.,Zhan g Y.and Wei Y.C.,2017,Effects of nutrient deficiency on the growth of Michelia macclurei seedlings,Shengtaixue Zazh(Chinese Journal of Ecology),36(3):664-669(李清莹,文珊娜,姜清彬,仲崇禄,陈羽,张勇,魏永成,2017,不同营养元素缺乏对火力楠幼苗生长的影响,生态学杂志,36(3)664-669)
Li S.,Wang C.Z.,Tang X.X.,Wang X.H.,and Zhou X.,2015,Study on the physical-chemical properties and components of peony essential oil extracted by different extraction methods,Shipin Gongye(The Food Industry),36(7):170-174(李双,王成忠,唐晓璇,王晓华,周晓,2015,不同提取方法对牡丹精油理化性质和成分的影响,食品工业,36(7):170-174)
Li Z.W.,2002,Studies on the effect of fire prevention of biological network of Michelia macclurei,Xiamen Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Xiamen University),41(5):596-599(李振问,2002,火力楠林带的防火效果研究,厦门大学学报,41(5):596-599)
Lin Z.L.,2006,Study efficiency on building fire break foret belt of Michelia macclurei along fire break road,Qinghai Nonglin Keji(Science and Technology of Qinghai Agriculture and Forestry),(3):21-23(林珠莲,2006,防火路营建火力楠防火林带的效能研究,青海农林科技,(3):21-23)
Liu J.,and Chen J.F.,2013,Extraction of seed oil and fatty acid analysis from four species in Magnoliaceae,Guangxi Zhiwu(Guihaia),33(2):208-213(刘举,陈继富,2013,木兰科四种植物种子油的提取及脂肪酸成分分析,广西植物,33(2):208-213)
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