日本荚蒾嫩枝扦插繁殖研究
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摘要
在2015-2017年,以2~3年生日本荚蒾Viburnum japonicum不同木质化程度枝条为材料,采用ABT-1号生根粉、国光-萘乙酸和863生根剂3种植物生长调节剂,设置对照(CK,清水),100,200,300 mg·L~(-1) 4个浓度水平,在这些浓度溶液中分别浸泡0.5和1.0 h条件下,研究插穗在纯黄心土基质和混合基质(黄心土、珍珠岩、泥炭的质量配比为3:1:1)的不定根发生、根系生长、成活率等指标。结果表明:以6月份新生充分木质化的插穗为宜,约30 d可生根,3种植物生长调节剂的平均成活率基本可达60%以上;木质化程度低的插穗一般20 d生根,但受夏季高温环境影响,其成活率不足30%。ABT-1处理的插穗生根效果整体优于国光-萘乙酸和863生根剂;3种调节剂均能显著提高嫩枝插穗成活率(P<0.05),以在200 mg·L~(-1)时浸泡1.0 h的插穗成活率最高,在浓度100mg·L~(-1)和200 mg·L~(-1)浸泡1.0 h的成活率明显高于0.5 h,但在300 mg·L~(-1)时则成活率下降。在ABT-1浓度200 mg·L~(-1)浸泡1.0 h的平均生根数最高,均超过60条·穗-1且显著高于其他各处理组(P<0.05);平均根长和根系效果指数均以混合基质中300 mg·L~(-1)浸泡0.5 h的ABT-1为最佳,其平均值分别为11.22 cm和11.75。混合基质更适宜插穗生根,其成活率较纯黄心土在总体水平上可提高1.0%~12.0%。总体上,在混合基质中200 mg·L~(-1)的ABT-1浸泡0.5 h为扦插育苗最佳效率组合。
Experiments were conducted during 2015 and 2017 on cultivation of Viburnum japonicum seedlings by cuttings from different lignified branches of 2 ~ 3 year. Cuttings were soaked 0.5 and 1 hour by different concentrations(0, 100, 200 and 300 mg·L~(-1)) of ABT No.1, NAA and 863, and planted on sub-top soil and mixed substrate(ratio of sub-top soil, perlite and peat of 3:1:1). Determinations were implemented on adventitious root characteristics, root system and survival rate of cuttings. The result demonstrated that lignified cuttings treated by three regulators planted in June had more than 60 percent of survival rate and had rooting 30 days later, while half lignified cuttings had only 30% of survival rate and had rooting 20 days late. Rooting effect of cuttings treated by ABT-1 was better than that by NAA and 863 rooting agent. The survival rate of softwood cuttings treated by regulators increased significantly(P<0.05), and the highest survival rate of cuttings were soaked 1 hour in 200 mg·L~(-1) of three regulators. The survival rate of half lignified cutting treated by 1 hour in the solution of concentration of 100 mg·L~(-1) and 200 mg·L~(-1) was significantly higher than that of soaking 0.5 h, but the survival rate decreased at 300 mg·L~(-1). The average number of rooting was the highest in the two different substrates soaked in 200 mg·L~(-1) for 1.0 h, which exceeded 60 panicles and was significantly higher than that of other treatments(P<0.05). The average root length and root effect index were the best when the mixture was soaked in 300 mg·L~(-1) for half an hour, and the average value was 11.22 cm and 11.75, respectively. The mixed medium was more suitable for rooting, and the survival rate of the mixed medium was higher than that of pure yellow core soil at the overall level from 1.0 percent to 12.0 percent. On the whole, the best efficiency combination of cuttage breeding was to soak half an hour in 200 mg·L~(-1) of ABT-1 with the mixed substrates.
Experiments were conducted during 2015 and 2017 on cultivation of Viburnum japonicum seedlings by cuttings from different lignified branches of 2 ~ 3 year. Cuttings were soaked 0.5 and 1 hour by different concentrations(0, 100, 200 and 300 mg·L~(-1)) of ABT No.1, NAA and 863, and planted on sub-top soil and mixed substrate(ratio of sub-top soil, perlite and peat of 3:1:1). Determinations were implemented on adventitious root characteristics, root system and survival rate of cuttings. The result demonstrated that lignified cuttings treated by three regulators planted in June had more than 60 percent of survival rate and had rooting 30 days later, while half lignified cuttings had only 30% of survival rate and had rooting 20 days late. Rooting effect of cuttings treated by ABT-1 was better than that by NAA and 863 rooting agent. The survival rate of softwood cuttings treated by regulators increased significantly(P<0.05), and the highest survival rate of cuttings were soaked 1 hour in 200 mg·L~(-1) of three regulators. The survival rate of half lignified cutting treated by 1 hour in the solution of concentration of 100 mg·L~(-1) and 200 mg·L~(-1) was significantly higher than that of soaking 0.5 h, but the survival rate decreased at 300 mg·L~(-1). The average number of rooting was the highest in the two different substrates soaked in 200 mg·L~(-1) for 1.0 h, which exceeded 60 panicles and was significantly higher than that of other treatments(P<0.05). The average root length and root effect index were the best when the mixture was soaked in 300 mg·L~(-1) for half an hour, and the average value was 11.22 cm and 11.75, respectively. The mixed medium was more suitable for rooting, and the survival rate of the mixed medium was higher than that of pure yellow core soil at the overall level from 1.0 percent to 12.0 percent. On the whole, the best efficiency combination of cuttage breeding was to soak half an hour in 200 mg·L~(-1) of ABT-1 with the mixed substrates.
引文
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[6]浙江省人民政府.浙江省人民政府关于公布省重点保护野生植物名录(第一批)的通知[EB/OL].(2012-04-12)[2017-04-20].http://www.zj.gov.cn/art/2013/1/4/art_13012_68677.html
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[9]李瑞姣,岳春雷,李贺鹏,等.干旱胁迫对日本荚蒾幼苗生理生化特性的影响[J].西北林学院学报,2018,43(2):56-61,103.
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[13]李阳,严芳,何卫中,等.不同生根剂对惠明白茶苗扦插的影响[J].浙江农业学报,2012,24(6):988-991.
[14]季孔庶,王章荣,陈天华,等.马尾松插穗生根能力变异的研究[J].南京林业大学学报,1998,22(3):66-70.
[15]王金祥,严小龙,潘瑞炽.不定根形成与植物激素的关系[J].植物生理学通讯,2005,41(2):133-139.
[16]乔峰,李虎,朱翔,等.新疆野生樱桃李扦插繁殖不定根的形成及生长调节剂对扦插成活率的影响[J].中国农业大学学报,2014,19(5):73-79.
[17]孙时轩.造林学:第2版[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1992:145-155.
[18]宋鹏飞,姜燕琴,贺善安,等.高质量浓度IBA和插条木质化程度对兔眼蓝浆果扦插生根的影响[J].植物资源与环境学报,2011,20(2):63-66.
[19]杨庆春,李国雷.不同植物生长调节剂对栓皮栎嫩枝扦插的影响[J].东北林业大学学报,2017,45(6):12-16,46.
[20]易霭琴,童方平,宋庆安,等.不同基质与激素对欧洲荚莲扦插成活率的影响[J].湖南林业科技,2008,35(5):16-18.
[21]温谋德.南方荚蒾扦插繁殖试验[J].中国林副特产,2016,4:37-39.
[22]王美珍,王志波,张凤鹤,等.插穗粗度和浸泡时间对紫叶矮樱扦插生根率的影响[J].内蒙古林业科技,2015,41(4):1-4.
[23]邱凤英,温世钫,章挺,等.不同基质对黄樟扦插繁殖的影响[J].经济林研究,2017,35(4):43-48.
[24]陆圆伊,马生军,马留纯,等.不同基质对曼地亚红豆杉扦插育苗的影响[J].新疆农业大学学报,2017,40(1):8-13.
[2]KERN J H.The genus Viburnum(Caprifoliaceae)in Malaysia[J].Reinwardtia,1951,1:107-170.
[3]HONG H H,IM H T.Viburnum japonicum(Caprifoliaceae):an unrecorded species in Korea[J].Korean J Plant Taxon,2003,33(3):271-277.
[4]裘宝林,陈征海,张晓华.见于浙江的中国及中国大陆新记录植物[J].云南植物研究,1994,16(3):231-234.
[5]朱弘,葛斌杰,叶喜阳.浙江舟山东福山岛种子植物区系初探[J].浙江农林大学学报,2015,32(1):150-155.
[6]浙江省人民政府.浙江省人民政府关于公布省重点保护野生植物名录(第一批)的通知[EB/OL].(2012-04-12)[2017-04-20].http://www.zj.gov.cn/art/2013/1/4/art_13012_68677.html
[7]OHIGASHI H,KOSHIMIZU K.Chavicol,as a larva-growth inhibitor,from Viburnum japonicum Spreng[J].Agr Biol Chem,1976,40(11):2283-2287.
[8]李瑞姣,陈献志,岳春雷,等.干旱胁迫对日本荚蒾幼苗光合生理特性的影响[J].生态学报,2018,38(6):2041-2047.
[9]李瑞姣,岳春雷,李贺鹏,等.干旱胁迫对日本荚蒾幼苗生理生化特性的影响[J].西北林学院学报,2018,43(2):56-61,103.
[10]陈献志,王宝党,刁硕,等.基于叶绿素荧光技术的日本荚蒾最佳扦插条件研究[J].常熟理工学院学报:自然科学,2017,31(4):100-103.
[11]兰彦平,顾万春.林木无性繁殖研究进展[J].世界林业研究,2002,15(6):7-13.
[12]余叔文,汤章城.植物生理与分子生物学[M].北京:科学出版社,2001.
[13]李阳,严芳,何卫中,等.不同生根剂对惠明白茶苗扦插的影响[J].浙江农业学报,2012,24(6):988-991.
[14]季孔庶,王章荣,陈天华,等.马尾松插穗生根能力变异的研究[J].南京林业大学学报,1998,22(3):66-70.
[15]王金祥,严小龙,潘瑞炽.不定根形成与植物激素的关系[J].植物生理学通讯,2005,41(2):133-139.
[16]乔峰,李虎,朱翔,等.新疆野生樱桃李扦插繁殖不定根的形成及生长调节剂对扦插成活率的影响[J].中国农业大学学报,2014,19(5):73-79.
[17]孙时轩.造林学:第2版[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1992:145-155.
[18]宋鹏飞,姜燕琴,贺善安,等.高质量浓度IBA和插条木质化程度对兔眼蓝浆果扦插生根的影响[J].植物资源与环境学报,2011,20(2):63-66.
[19]杨庆春,李国雷.不同植物生长调节剂对栓皮栎嫩枝扦插的影响[J].东北林业大学学报,2017,45(6):12-16,46.
[20]易霭琴,童方平,宋庆安,等.不同基质与激素对欧洲荚莲扦插成活率的影响[J].湖南林业科技,2008,35(5):16-18.
[21]温谋德.南方荚蒾扦插繁殖试验[J].中国林副特产,2016,4:37-39.
[22]王美珍,王志波,张凤鹤,等.插穗粗度和浸泡时间对紫叶矮樱扦插生根率的影响[J].内蒙古林业科技,2015,41(4):1-4.
[23]邱凤英,温世钫,章挺,等.不同基质对黄樟扦插繁殖的影响[J].经济林研究,2017,35(4):43-48.
[24]陆圆伊,马生军,马留纯,等.不同基质对曼地亚红豆杉扦插育苗的影响[J].新疆农业大学学报,2017,40(1):8-13.