黔西北五指山地区加里东期盲冲断层的厘定及其找矿意义
|
摘要
黔西北五指山地区位于上扬子板块中南部。在早古生代期间,受加里东构造运动(都匀运动)的控制与影响,在五指山地区发育了近东西向褶皱(五指山背斜)与东西向断层。钻孔与物探资料显示,在五指山北部矿区发育一条大型隐伏(盲)断层,断层面北倾,断层破碎带发育脆性破碎角砾岩,垂向厚度达28 m,断层上下盘以发育震旦系-寒武系白云岩为特点。通过断层上下盘地层、岩性对比,尤其是通过上下盘岩石地球化学成分分析,并将其与已知地层化学成分对比,确认了上盘白云岩为震旦系,下盘为寒武系,由此厘定了该隐伏断层为一条断面北倾向南逆冲的断层,逆冲断距达300 m。断层的发育与黔中隆起关系密切,在都匀运动期间南北向持续挤压背景下,在震旦系下部软弱层最先发生顺层滑动,然后为切层滑动,最后发展为大规模逆冲。现已查明,出露地表的近东西向断层在燕山期再次活动,对铅锌矿成矿有明显的控制作用。这条大型盲冲断层的厘定,将会给黔西北五指山地区找矿带来新的启示与突破。
Wuzhishan area is located in central and south parts of Yangtze block. During the early Paleozoic, EW folds(Wuzhishan anticline) and faults were developed in the area because of Caledonian movement. The borehole and geophysical data show that a large concealed fault is developed in north part of Wuzhishan area, with its surface dipping to the north, and the brittle breccia is developed in fault fracture zone, with vertical thickness of 20 meters. The upper and lower plates of the fault are characterized by Sinian Cambrian dolomite. Through the upper and lower strata of the fault and the lithology comparison, especially the analysis of the geochemical composition of rock through the upper and lower plates, we contrast the chemical composition of the known stratigraphy and confirm that the dolomite in the upper plate is Sinian and that in the lower plate is Cambrian. Thus, we confirm this concealed fault is a thrusting fault whose surface is dipping north with the fault distance measuring 130 meters. The development of the fault is affected by Qianzhong uplift. Under the background of Duyun movement's extrusion, the soft part of lower Cambrian stratigraphy slides along the bedding and then turns to cutting layer sliding, finally evolving to large scale thrusting. It has been identified that the EW fault out of surface reacts in Yanshanian and has obvious control on the mineralization of lead-zinc mine. The confirmation of this concealed fault would be a new breakthrough to the prospecting of Wuzhishan area.
Wuzhishan area is located in central and south parts of Yangtze block. During the early Paleozoic, EW folds(Wuzhishan anticline) and faults were developed in the area because of Caledonian movement. The borehole and geophysical data show that a large concealed fault is developed in north part of Wuzhishan area, with its surface dipping to the north, and the brittle breccia is developed in fault fracture zone, with vertical thickness of 20 meters. The upper and lower plates of the fault are characterized by Sinian Cambrian dolomite. Through the upper and lower strata of the fault and the lithology comparison, especially the analysis of the geochemical composition of rock through the upper and lower plates, we contrast the chemical composition of the known stratigraphy and confirm that the dolomite in the upper plate is Sinian and that in the lower plate is Cambrian. Thus, we confirm this concealed fault is a thrusting fault whose surface is dipping north with the fault distance measuring 130 meters. The development of the fault is affected by Qianzhong uplift. Under the background of Duyun movement's extrusion, the soft part of lower Cambrian stratigraphy slides along the bedding and then turns to cutting layer sliding, finally evolving to large scale thrusting. It has been identified that the EW fault out of surface reacts in Yanshanian and has obvious control on the mineralization of lead-zinc mine. The confirmation of this concealed fault would be a new breakthrough to the prospecting of Wuzhishan area.
引文
[1] 翟裕生,林新多.矿田构造学[M].北京:地质出版社,1993:1-212.
[2] 翟裕生.矿床学的百年回顾与发展趋势[J].地球科学进展,2001,16(5):719-725.
[3] 翟裕生.成矿构造研究的回顾和展望[J].地质论评,2002,48(2):140-146.
[4] Wibberley C,Yielding G,Di T G.Recent advances in the understanding of fault zone internal structure:A review[J].Geological Society London Special Publications,2008,299(1):5-34.
[5] 邓军,杨立强,翟裕生,等.构造-流体-成矿系统及其动力学的理论格架与方法体系[J].地球科学:中国地质大学学报,2000,25(1):71-78.
[6] 邓军,王庆飞,黄定华.成矿流体输运物理机制研究的关键难题与方法体系[J].地球科学进展,2004,19(3):393-398.
[7] 向才富,庄新国.成矿流体运移的输导体系研究:以右江地区微细浸染型金矿为例[J].地质科技情报, 2000,19(4):65-69.
[8] 陈柏林.从成矿构造动力学探讨脉状金矿床成矿深度[J].地质科学,2001,36(3):380-384.
[9] 吕古贤,郭涛.阜山金矿区构造变形岩相特征与成矿流体构造物理化学特征研究[J].地质地球化学,2001,29(3):90-93.
[10] 李赛赛,冯佐海,单永磐,等.广西西大明山弄屯铅锌矿床断裂构造解析[J].矿床地质,2017,36(2):275-290.
[11] 陈国勇,王亮,范玉梅,等.贵州五指山铅锌矿田深部找矿远景分析[J].地质与勘探,2015,51(5):859-869.
[12] 陆朝武.黔西北五指山矿集区金坡大型铅锌矿矿床成因及成矿模式[D].广西桂林:桂林理工大学,2011.
[13] 杨晓飞.贵州省五指山地区铅锌矿床地质特征及成因初探[J].矿物学报,2013,33(增刊2):527-528.
[14] 彭松,金中国,林贵生,等.贵州五指山铅锌矿区控矿因素及成矿模式研究:以那雍枝矿床为例[J].矿产勘查,2016,7(3):463-470.
[15] 朱路艳,苏文超,沈能平,等.黔西北地区铅锌矿床流体包裹体与硫同位素地球化学研究[J].岩石学报,2016,32(11):3431-3440.
[16] 陈伟,孔志岗,刘凤祥,等.贵州那雍枝铅锌矿床地质、地球化学及矿床成因[J].地质学报,2017,91(6):1269-1284.
[17] 金灿海,李坤,黄林,等.黔西北那雍枝铅锌矿硫同位素组成特征及成矿物质来源[J].矿物岩石,2015,35(3):81-88.
[18] 牛新生,冯常茂,刘进.黔中隆起的形成时间及形成机制探讨[J].海相油气地质,2007(2):46-50.
[19] 邓新,杨坤光,刘彦良,等.黔中隆起性质及其构造演化[J].地学前缘,2010,17(3):79-89.
[20] 杨坤光,李学刚,戴传固,等.断层调整与控制作用下的叠加构造变形:以贵州地区燕山期构造为例[J].地质科技情报,2012,31(5):50-56.
[21] 戴传固,秦守荣,陈建书,等.试论贵州深部隐伏断裂特征[J].地质科技情报,2013,32(6):1-6,13.
[22] 吴开彬,曾广乾,陈国雄,等.布格重力异常揭示的贵州深部构造特征[J].地质科技情报,2016,35(1):190-199.
[23] 杨坤光,李学刚,戴传固,等.黔东南隔槽式褶皱成因分析[J].地学前缘,2012,19(5):53-60.
[24] 杨兴玉,任厚州,刘雨,等.黔西北五指山地区叠加构造变形特征对铅锌矿成矿的控制[J].现代地质,2018,32(4):739-749.
[25] Shan H X,Zhai M G,Wang F,et al.Zircon U-Pb ages,geochemistry,and Nd-Hf isotopes of the TTG gneisses from the Jiaobei terrane:Implications for Neoarchean crustal evolution in the North China Craton[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2015,98:61-74.
[26] Boynton W V.Geochemistry of the rare earth elements:meteorite studies.W:Rare earth element geochemistry[M].Amsterdam:Elsevier,1984:63-114.
[27] Frimmel H E.Trace element distribution in Neoproterozoic carbonates as palaeoenvironmental indicator[J].Chemical Geology, 2009,258:338-353.
[28] Xu Yajun,Peter A C, Du Yuansheng.Intraplate orogenesis in response to Gondwana assembly:Kwangsian Orogeny,South China[J].American Journal of Science,2016, 316:329-362.
[29] 金中国,周家喜,郑明泓,等.贵州普定五指山地区铅锌矿床成矿模式[J].矿床地质,2017,36(5):1169-1184.
[30] 金中国,周家喜,黄智龙,等.贵州普定纳雍枝铅锌矿矿床成因:S和原位Pb同位素证据[J].岩石学报,2016,32(11):3441-3455.
[31] 张长青.中国川滇黔交界地区密西西比型(MVT)铅锌矿床成矿模型[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2008.
[32] 吴越.川滇黔地区MVT铅锌矿床大规模成矿作用的时代与机制[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2013.
[2] 翟裕生.矿床学的百年回顾与发展趋势[J].地球科学进展,2001,16(5):719-725.
[3] 翟裕生.成矿构造研究的回顾和展望[J].地质论评,2002,48(2):140-146.
[4] Wibberley C,Yielding G,Di T G.Recent advances in the understanding of fault zone internal structure:A review[J].Geological Society London Special Publications,2008,299(1):5-34.
[5] 邓军,杨立强,翟裕生,等.构造-流体-成矿系统及其动力学的理论格架与方法体系[J].地球科学:中国地质大学学报,2000,25(1):71-78.
[6] 邓军,王庆飞,黄定华.成矿流体输运物理机制研究的关键难题与方法体系[J].地球科学进展,2004,19(3):393-398.
[7] 向才富,庄新国.成矿流体运移的输导体系研究:以右江地区微细浸染型金矿为例[J].地质科技情报, 2000,19(4):65-69.
[8] 陈柏林.从成矿构造动力学探讨脉状金矿床成矿深度[J].地质科学,2001,36(3):380-384.
[9] 吕古贤,郭涛.阜山金矿区构造变形岩相特征与成矿流体构造物理化学特征研究[J].地质地球化学,2001,29(3):90-93.
[10] 李赛赛,冯佐海,单永磐,等.广西西大明山弄屯铅锌矿床断裂构造解析[J].矿床地质,2017,36(2):275-290.
[11] 陈国勇,王亮,范玉梅,等.贵州五指山铅锌矿田深部找矿远景分析[J].地质与勘探,2015,51(5):859-869.
[12] 陆朝武.黔西北五指山矿集区金坡大型铅锌矿矿床成因及成矿模式[D].广西桂林:桂林理工大学,2011.
[13] 杨晓飞.贵州省五指山地区铅锌矿床地质特征及成因初探[J].矿物学报,2013,33(增刊2):527-528.
[14] 彭松,金中国,林贵生,等.贵州五指山铅锌矿区控矿因素及成矿模式研究:以那雍枝矿床为例[J].矿产勘查,2016,7(3):463-470.
[15] 朱路艳,苏文超,沈能平,等.黔西北地区铅锌矿床流体包裹体与硫同位素地球化学研究[J].岩石学报,2016,32(11):3431-3440.
[16] 陈伟,孔志岗,刘凤祥,等.贵州那雍枝铅锌矿床地质、地球化学及矿床成因[J].地质学报,2017,91(6):1269-1284.
[17] 金灿海,李坤,黄林,等.黔西北那雍枝铅锌矿硫同位素组成特征及成矿物质来源[J].矿物岩石,2015,35(3):81-88.
[18] 牛新生,冯常茂,刘进.黔中隆起的形成时间及形成机制探讨[J].海相油气地质,2007(2):46-50.
[19] 邓新,杨坤光,刘彦良,等.黔中隆起性质及其构造演化[J].地学前缘,2010,17(3):79-89.
[20] 杨坤光,李学刚,戴传固,等.断层调整与控制作用下的叠加构造变形:以贵州地区燕山期构造为例[J].地质科技情报,2012,31(5):50-56.
[21] 戴传固,秦守荣,陈建书,等.试论贵州深部隐伏断裂特征[J].地质科技情报,2013,32(6):1-6,13.
[22] 吴开彬,曾广乾,陈国雄,等.布格重力异常揭示的贵州深部构造特征[J].地质科技情报,2016,35(1):190-199.
[23] 杨坤光,李学刚,戴传固,等.黔东南隔槽式褶皱成因分析[J].地学前缘,2012,19(5):53-60.
[24] 杨兴玉,任厚州,刘雨,等.黔西北五指山地区叠加构造变形特征对铅锌矿成矿的控制[J].现代地质,2018,32(4):739-749.
[25] Shan H X,Zhai M G,Wang F,et al.Zircon U-Pb ages,geochemistry,and Nd-Hf isotopes of the TTG gneisses from the Jiaobei terrane:Implications for Neoarchean crustal evolution in the North China Craton[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2015,98:61-74.
[26] Boynton W V.Geochemistry of the rare earth elements:meteorite studies.W:Rare earth element geochemistry[M].Amsterdam:Elsevier,1984:63-114.
[27] Frimmel H E.Trace element distribution in Neoproterozoic carbonates as palaeoenvironmental indicator[J].Chemical Geology, 2009,258:338-353.
[28] Xu Yajun,Peter A C, Du Yuansheng.Intraplate orogenesis in response to Gondwana assembly:Kwangsian Orogeny,South China[J].American Journal of Science,2016, 316:329-362.
[29] 金中国,周家喜,郑明泓,等.贵州普定五指山地区铅锌矿床成矿模式[J].矿床地质,2017,36(5):1169-1184.
[30] 金中国,周家喜,黄智龙,等.贵州普定纳雍枝铅锌矿矿床成因:S和原位Pb同位素证据[J].岩石学报,2016,32(11):3441-3455.
[31] 张长青.中国川滇黔交界地区密西西比型(MVT)铅锌矿床成矿模型[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2008.
[32] 吴越.川滇黔地区MVT铅锌矿床大规模成矿作用的时代与机制[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2013.