一种新型光伏发电主动参与电网频率调节控制策略
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摘要
大规模光伏发电并网挤占了具有转动惯量的同步发电机组空间,导致电力系统面临惯量减小与调频能力不足的问题,迫切需求光伏发电主动参与电网频率调节。文章以双级式光伏发电为研究对象,从光伏发电的惯量控制和与同步发电机组协调控制两个方面出发,通过改进Boost变换器和网侧逆变器的控制策略,实现光伏发电主动参与电网频率调节。其中,在惯量控制方面,提出基于高压直流电容动态的虚拟惯量控制,并分析控制参数对虚拟惯量控制的影响。最后,基于时域仿真算例验证了控制策略的有效性。
With the increasing penetration of photovoltaic(PV) generation in the electrical grid, the replacement of large conventional synchronous generators by PV generation can result in deteriorated frequency regulation performance due to the reduced system inertia response. Thus, the integration of PV generation into frequency regulation is an urgent need. In this paper, a virtual inertial control and a coordinated control between PV generation and conventional synchronous generators(SGs) are proposed. To achieve the integration of PV generation into the grid frequency regulation, the control strategies of using boost converters and grid-side inverters are modified. With regard to the aspect of inertial control strategy, a virtual inertial control based on the dynamics of high-voltage DC capacitor is adopted, and the influence of the control parameters on the virtual inertial control strategy is also analyzed. Finally, the theoretical analysis and control strategies are verified by simulation results.
With the increasing penetration of photovoltaic(PV) generation in the electrical grid, the replacement of large conventional synchronous generators by PV generation can result in deteriorated frequency regulation performance due to the reduced system inertia response. Thus, the integration of PV generation into frequency regulation is an urgent need. In this paper, a virtual inertial control and a coordinated control between PV generation and conventional synchronous generators(SGs) are proposed. To achieve the integration of PV generation into the grid frequency regulation, the control strategies of using boost converters and grid-side inverters are modified. With regard to the aspect of inertial control strategy, a virtual inertial control based on the dynamics of high-voltage DC capacitor is adopted, and the influence of the control parameters on the virtual inertial control strategy is also analyzed. Finally, the theoretical analysis and control strategies are verified by simulation results.
引文
[1]陈国平,李明节,许涛,等.关于新能源发展的技术瓶颈研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(1):20-26.
[2]陈国平,李明节,许涛.我国电网支撑可再生能源发展的实践与挑战[J].电网技术,2017,41(10):3095-3103.
[3]赵争鸣,雷一,贺凡波,等.大容量并网光伏电站技术综述[J].电力系统自动化,2011,35(12):101-107.
[4]程军照,吴夕科,李澍森,等.采用Boost的两级式光伏发电并网逆变系统[J].高电压技术,2009,35(8):2048-2052.
[5]Kakimoto N,Takayama S,Satoh H.Power modulation of photovoltaic generator for frequency control of power system[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2009,24(4):943-949.
[6]刘云,应康,辛焕海,等.基于二次插值法的光伏发电系统控制策略[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(21):29-35.
[7]Xin Huanhai,Liu Yun,Wang Zhen.A new frequency regulation strategy for photovoltaic systems without energy storage[J].IEEE Trans on Sustainable Energy,2013,4(4):985-993.
[8]高峰.光伏并网系统的优化设计与协调控制技术展望[J].南方电网技术,2016,10(3):91-97.
[9]Sotirios I N,Apostolos G P,Stavros A P.A generic model of two-stage grid-connected PV systems with primary frequency response and inertia emulation[J].Electric Power Systems Research,2015,127:186-196.
[10]刘洁,刘莉,米炎.基于MPPT的两级单相光伏并网发电系统控制策略研究[J].可再生能源,2018,36(3):385-390.
[11]刘明亮,张逸,范元亮,等.一种基于变步长电导增量法的自适应MPPT控制策略[J].可再生能源,2017,35(5):681-688.
[2]陈国平,李明节,许涛.我国电网支撑可再生能源发展的实践与挑战[J].电网技术,2017,41(10):3095-3103.
[3]赵争鸣,雷一,贺凡波,等.大容量并网光伏电站技术综述[J].电力系统自动化,2011,35(12):101-107.
[4]程军照,吴夕科,李澍森,等.采用Boost的两级式光伏发电并网逆变系统[J].高电压技术,2009,35(8):2048-2052.
[5]Kakimoto N,Takayama S,Satoh H.Power modulation of photovoltaic generator for frequency control of power system[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2009,24(4):943-949.
[6]刘云,应康,辛焕海,等.基于二次插值法的光伏发电系统控制策略[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(21):29-35.
[7]Xin Huanhai,Liu Yun,Wang Zhen.A new frequency regulation strategy for photovoltaic systems without energy storage[J].IEEE Trans on Sustainable Energy,2013,4(4):985-993.
[8]高峰.光伏并网系统的优化设计与协调控制技术展望[J].南方电网技术,2016,10(3):91-97.
[9]Sotirios I N,Apostolos G P,Stavros A P.A generic model of two-stage grid-connected PV systems with primary frequency response and inertia emulation[J].Electric Power Systems Research,2015,127:186-196.
[10]刘洁,刘莉,米炎.基于MPPT的两级单相光伏并网发电系统控制策略研究[J].可再生能源,2018,36(3):385-390.
[11]刘明亮,张逸,范元亮,等.一种基于变步长电导增量法的自适应MPPT控制策略[J].可再生能源,2017,35(5):681-688.