急倾斜煤层防水煤柱合理尺寸的理论分析
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摘要
根据深部急倾斜煤层工作面开采方式、积水位置的不同组合,将防水煤柱留设分成三种常见模式,并分析了每一种模式煤柱留设的主要依据;运用块体极限平衡理论建立急倾斜煤层失稳力学模型,推导出煤柱区段稳定尺寸的计算公式;针对不同矿区的具体条件,提出急倾斜防水煤柱留设合理尺寸的优化体系。将优化设计的理论运用于唐山某矿,得出防水煤柱留设合理高度为59.3 m,而该矿在防水煤柱高度60 m的条件下实现安全试采,说明优化设计理论具有工程实践指导作用。
According to different combinations of mining methods and water body positions in deep coal seam,three basic structural patterns were created and main basis of setting up reasonable waterproof coal pillar size for each pattern were proposed. The mechanics model of the stability of waterproof pillar was established,and formulas for critical value of stable length of waterproof pillar were derived. Based on different conditions for each coal mine,the optimization design theory on setting up reasonable waterproof coal pillar size was proposed. The above optimization design theory was applied to a mine in Tangshan. Results showed that the reasonable size of waterproof pillar could be 59. 3 m. Actually the steep mining face was safely and successfully exploited with 60 m height of waterproof pillar,indicating that the theory could be useful for practical projects.
According to different combinations of mining methods and water body positions in deep coal seam,three basic structural patterns were created and main basis of setting up reasonable waterproof coal pillar size for each pattern were proposed. The mechanics model of the stability of waterproof pillar was established,and formulas for critical value of stable length of waterproof pillar were derived. Based on different conditions for each coal mine,the optimization design theory on setting up reasonable waterproof coal pillar size was proposed. The above optimization design theory was applied to a mine in Tangshan. Results showed that the reasonable size of waterproof pillar could be 59. 3 m. Actually the steep mining face was safely and successfully exploited with 60 m height of waterproof pillar,indicating that the theory could be useful for practical projects.
引文
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[15]王志强,陈超凡,王磊,等.倾斜煤层防水煤岩柱尺寸留设的技术优化研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2013,30(5):735-738.Wang Zhiqiang,Chen Chaofan,Wang Lei,et al.Research on reasonable size of waterproof pillar in mining inclined coal seam[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2013,30(5):735-738.
[16]金珠鹏,张继忠.大乘煤矿急倾斜煤层巷道放顶煤采煤法区段高度研究[J].矿冶,2012,21(3):8-11.Jin Zhupeng,Zhang Jizhong.Study on section height of caving in steep seam mining in Dacheng coal mine[J].Mining&Metallurgy,2012,21(3):8-11.
[17]翟新献,钱鸣高,李化敏,等.小煤矿复采煤柱塑性区特征及采准巷道支护技术[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(22):3799-3802.Zhai Xinxian,Qian Minggao,Li Huamin,et al.Characteristics of plastic zone of second mining pillar and support technology of gateway in small mines[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(22):3799-3802.
[18]刘长武,洪允和.矿间防水煤柱合理尺寸的理论分析[J].中国矿业大学学报,1995,34(1):52-57.Liu Changwu,Hong Yunhe.Theoretic analysis of the rational size of water barrier between mines[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,1995,34(1):52-57.
[19]侯朝炯,马念杰.煤层巷道两帮煤体应力和极限平衡区的探讨[J].煤炭学报,1989,14(4):21-29.Hou Chaojiong,Ma Nianjie.Stress in roadway sides and limit equilibrium zone[J].Journal of China Coal Society,1989,14(4):21-29.
[20]威尔逊A H.对确定煤柱尺寸的研究[J].孙家禄,译.矿山测量,1973,1(1):30-42.Wilson A H.Study on the coal pillar size[J].Translated by Sun Jialu.Mine Surveying,1973,1(1):30-40.
[21]吴立新,王金庄.煤柱屈服区宽度计算及其影响因素分析[J].煤炭学报,1995,20(4):625-631.Wu Lixin,Wang Jinzhuang.Calculation of width of yielding zone of coal pillar and analysis of influencing factors[J].Journal of China Coal Society,1995,20(4):625-631.
[22]马亚杰,武强,洪益清,等.急倾斜煤层开采覆岩变形分析及其应用[J].煤炭学报,2009,34(3):320-324.Ma Yajie,Wu Qiang,Hong Yiqing,et al.Deformation analysis of covering rock masses as mining steep inclined coal seam and its application[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2009,34(3):320-324.
[23]刘彦飞.开采损害与环境保护[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2004.
[2]贾剑青,王宏图,胡国忠,等.急倾斜工作面防水煤柱留设方法及其稳定性分析[J].煤炭学报,2009,34(3):315-319.Jia Jianqing,Wang Hongtu,Hu Guozhong,et al.Methods of retaining water barrier and its stability analysis of steep working face[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2009,34(3):315-319.
[3]李永明.水体下急倾斜煤层充填开采覆岩稳定性及合理防水煤柱研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2012.
[4]国家安全生产监督管理总局,国家煤矿安全监察局.煤矿防治水规定[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2009.
[5]国家煤炭工业局.建筑物、水体、铁路及主要井巷煤柱留设与压煤开采规程[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2000.
[6]田秀国,戴华阳.急倾斜煤层深部开采岩层移动数值模拟研究[J].矿山测量,2011(2):28-32.Tian Xiuguo,Dai Huayang.Study on numerical simulation of strata displacement under mining deep and steeply inclined coal seam[J].Mine Surveying,2011(2):28-32.
[7]王宁波,张农,崔峰,等.急倾斜特厚煤层综放工作面采场运移与巷道围岩破裂特征[J].煤炭学报,2013,38(8):1312-1318.Wang Ningbo,Zhang Nong,Cui Feng,et al.Characteristics of stope migration and roadway surrounding rock fracture for fully mechanized top coal caving face in steeply dipping and extra thick coal seam[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2013,38(8):1312-1318.
[8]杨成田.专门水文地质学[M].北京:地质出版社,1981.
[9]冯振.斜倾厚层岩质滑坡视向滑动机制研究[D].北京:中国地质科学院,2012.
[10]郑惠峰,汪卫明,陈胜宏.岩石边坡动力稳定安全系数的块体单元法分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(S1):2785-2792.Zheng Huifeng,Wang Weiming,Chen Shenghong.Analysis of dynamic factor of safety of rock slope with block element method[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(S1):2785-2792.
[11]任青文,余天堂.边坡稳定的块体单元法分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2001,20(1):20-24.Ren Qingwen,Yu Tiantang.Slope stability analysis with block element method[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2001,20(1):20-24.
[12]韩文梅.岩石摩擦滑动特性及其影响因素分析[D].太原:太原理工大学,2012.
[13]郑拯宇.理论力学教学中斜坡滑动摩擦偏向力偶探讨[J].科技创新导报,2013(9):167-168.Zheng Zhengyu.Study and analysis of the bias couple of sliding object on slope[J].Science and Technology Innovation Herald,2013(9):167-168.
[14]刘跃东,张东峰,樊勇.急倾斜煤层巷道放顶煤开采合理区段高度研究[J].煤炭工程,2014,46(7):16-21.Liu Yuedong,Zhang Dongfeng,Fan Yong.Research on reasonable district sublevel height for top coal caving in steep seam[J].Coal Engineering,2014,46(7):16-21.
[15]王志强,陈超凡,王磊,等.倾斜煤层防水煤岩柱尺寸留设的技术优化研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2013,30(5):735-738.Wang Zhiqiang,Chen Chaofan,Wang Lei,et al.Research on reasonable size of waterproof pillar in mining inclined coal seam[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2013,30(5):735-738.
[16]金珠鹏,张继忠.大乘煤矿急倾斜煤层巷道放顶煤采煤法区段高度研究[J].矿冶,2012,21(3):8-11.Jin Zhupeng,Zhang Jizhong.Study on section height of caving in steep seam mining in Dacheng coal mine[J].Mining&Metallurgy,2012,21(3):8-11.
[17]翟新献,钱鸣高,李化敏,等.小煤矿复采煤柱塑性区特征及采准巷道支护技术[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(22):3799-3802.Zhai Xinxian,Qian Minggao,Li Huamin,et al.Characteristics of plastic zone of second mining pillar and support technology of gateway in small mines[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(22):3799-3802.
[18]刘长武,洪允和.矿间防水煤柱合理尺寸的理论分析[J].中国矿业大学学报,1995,34(1):52-57.Liu Changwu,Hong Yunhe.Theoretic analysis of the rational size of water barrier between mines[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,1995,34(1):52-57.
[19]侯朝炯,马念杰.煤层巷道两帮煤体应力和极限平衡区的探讨[J].煤炭学报,1989,14(4):21-29.Hou Chaojiong,Ma Nianjie.Stress in roadway sides and limit equilibrium zone[J].Journal of China Coal Society,1989,14(4):21-29.
[20]威尔逊A H.对确定煤柱尺寸的研究[J].孙家禄,译.矿山测量,1973,1(1):30-42.Wilson A H.Study on the coal pillar size[J].Translated by Sun Jialu.Mine Surveying,1973,1(1):30-40.
[21]吴立新,王金庄.煤柱屈服区宽度计算及其影响因素分析[J].煤炭学报,1995,20(4):625-631.Wu Lixin,Wang Jinzhuang.Calculation of width of yielding zone of coal pillar and analysis of influencing factors[J].Journal of China Coal Society,1995,20(4):625-631.
[22]马亚杰,武强,洪益清,等.急倾斜煤层开采覆岩变形分析及其应用[J].煤炭学报,2009,34(3):320-324.Ma Yajie,Wu Qiang,Hong Yiqing,et al.Deformation analysis of covering rock masses as mining steep inclined coal seam and its application[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2009,34(3):320-324.
[23]刘彦飞.开采损害与环境保护[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2004.