巴丹吉林沙漠湖泊-沙山地貌格局对局地小气候的影响
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摘要
通过对巴丹吉林沙漠腹地湖泊和沙山两测点不同气象要素的同期观测,对比分析了湖泊和沙漠区地表辐射特征、能量平衡、地表反照率、散度场和风沙环境等差异。结果表明,湖泊区的气压要比沙漠区高,在观测期内,平均高出约243hPa;沙山处摩阻速度的平均值为0.31m/s,而同期湖泊处为0.24m/s;散度场(D)与湖泊中心的垂直速度场具有很好的相关性,夜晚,D>0时,湖泊中心有下沉气流,垂直风速为负值;而白天,D<0时,湖泊中心气流上升,垂直风速为正值,存在一定的局地环流。
By observing meteorological elements of lakes and sand dunes in Badan Jaran Desert hinterland over the same period,authores made comparative analysis on radiation characteristics,energy balance,albedo,divergence and sand environment differences between the lake and desert surface.The results showed that the air pressure of lake surface was higher than that of the desert area,with an average of about 2.43 kPa.The drag velocity was 0.31m/s on dune surface,while it was 0.24m/s on lakes.The divergence field(D)had a good correlation with the vertical velocity at lake center.In the evening,when D was greater than zero,the center of the lake airflow was sinking,and the vertical velocity was negative;while in the daytime,when D was less than 0,the center of the lake flow was rising,and vertical wind speed was positive,indicating that there was a certain amount of local circulation.
By observing meteorological elements of lakes and sand dunes in Badan Jaran Desert hinterland over the same period,authores made comparative analysis on radiation characteristics,energy balance,albedo,divergence and sand environment differences between the lake and desert surface.The results showed that the air pressure of lake surface was higher than that of the desert area,with an average of about 2.43 kPa.The drag velocity was 0.31m/s on dune surface,while it was 0.24m/s on lakes.The divergence field(D)had a good correlation with the vertical velocity at lake center.In the evening,when D was greater than zero,the center of the lake airflow was sinking,and the vertical velocity was negative;while in the daytime,when D was less than 0,the center of the lake flow was rising,and vertical wind speed was positive,indicating that there was a certain amount of local circulation.
引文
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[2]张一平,刘玉洪,马友鑫,等.热带森林不同生长时期的小气候特征[J].南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2002,26(1):83-87.
[3]李建刚,奥银焕,李照国.夏季不同天气条件下沙漠辐射和能量平衡的对比分析[J].地理科学进展,2012,31(11):1443-1451.
[4]王慧,胡泽勇,马伟强,等.鼎鑫戈壁下垫面近地层小气候及地表能量平衡特征季节变化分析[J].大气科学,2008,32(6):1458-1470.
[5]韦志刚,吕世华,胡泽勇,等.夏季金塔边界层风、温度和湿度结构特征的初步研究[J].高原气象,2006,24(6):846-856.
[6]庞营军,雷加强,曾凡江,等.新疆维吾尔自治区策勒县绿洲沙漠小气候特征研究[J].水土保持通报,2011,31(5):240-245.
[7]毛东雷,雷加强,李生宇,等.策勒绿洲沙漠过渡带小气候的空间差异[J].中国沙漠,2013,33(5):1501-1510.
[8]马迪,吕世华,奥银焕,等.巴丹吉林沙漠不同下垫面辐射特征和地表能量收支分析[J],高原气象,2012,31(3):615-621.
[9]陈世强,文莉娟,吕世华,等.金塔绿洲不同下垫面辐射特征对比分析[J].太阳能学报,2006,27(7):713-718.
[10]张强,曹晓彦.敦煌地区荒漠戈壁地表热量和辐射平衡特征的研究[J].大气科学,2003,27(2):245-254.
[11]潘竞虎,张伟强.张掖绿洲冷岛效应时空格局的遥感分析[J].干旱区研究,2010,27(4):481-486.
[12]文莉娟,吕世华,孟宪红,等.绿洲内城镇气候效应的数值模拟[J].气候与环境研究,2009,14(1):105-112.
[13]陈建生,赵霞,盛雪芬,等.巴丹吉林沙漠湖泊群与沙山形成机理研究[J].科学通报,2006,51(23):2789-2796.
[14]蒋正德,孙毅,樊月玲,等.2006—2010年下辽河平原地温和土壤热通量变化特征[J].气象与环境学报,2012,28(3):37-43.
[15]李明才,罗天祥,郭军,等.藏东南高山林线冷杉原始林土壤热通量[J].山地学报,2008,26(4):490-495.
[16]张宏,胡波,刘广仁,等.中国土壤热通量的时空分布特征研究[J].气候与环境研究,2012,17(5):515-522.
[17]张克存,俎瑞平,屈建军,等.腾格里沙漠东南缘输沙势与最大可能输沙量之比较[J].中国沙漠,2008,28(4):605-610.
[18]Fryberger S G.Dune form and wind regime[C]∥Mckee E D.A Study of Global Sand Seas.US Geological Survey Professional Paper,1979,1052:137-169.