我国运动休闲特色小镇产业演化机制、运作体系与治理路径
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摘要
在体育产业转型发展、全民健身惠民政策驱动下,运动休闲特色小镇作为国家和地方政府着力打造的多元化运动项目、层次化服务体系、休闲化参与方式、融合化产业模式的体育服务综合平台,已成为体育全面深化改革和体育理论研究的热点问题。本研究从产业演化的视角,运用公共政策分析方法,认为国家新型城镇宏观政策、体育乡村旅游模式聚集、大众健康生活方式嬗变、运动项目产业培育体系是产业驱动背景下创建运动休闲特色小镇的驱动力。新农村产业模式建设和体育产业集群升级的动力,"形成期、成长期、成熟期和淘汰期"不同时期体育产业与相关产业的融合,宽松政策环境、小镇科技含量以及投融资平台的创新,成为运动休闲特色小镇产业演化的动力、融合和创新机制。基于政府、社会和市场多元主体结构下,形成了由管理体系、商业主体、产品类别和产业平台所构成的运动休闲特色小镇运作体系,小镇创建且应从制定产业顶层规划的政策治理、启动招商引资计划的要素导入、创新产业开发途径的运作模式探寻治理路径。
In the transformation of the sports industry and driven by the policy of national fitness,as a integrated platform for sports services with diversified sport project created by national and local governments,hierarchical service system,leisure participation style and amalgamation industry model,the small town has become one of the research focuses of comprehensively deepening reform of sports and theoretical research. From the perspective of industrial evolution and with the method of public policy analysis,the research suggests that the policy of national new-type urbanized process,the gathering of sports rural tourism mode,the change of mass healthy lifestyle and the sports project industry cultivation system are the driving forces of creating the small town under the background of industry-driven. Some elements have become a industrial evolution mechanism of the town,including the construction of New Country industry model,the motive power of sports industry cluster upgrading,the integration of sports and related industry in"forming,growth,mature and elimination period",liberal policy environment,technical content and the innovation of financing platform. The operating system of small town is a kind of multidimensional bodies management system,business entities product categories and industrial platform which is based on the government,society and market under the main structure of the management system,business entities,product categories and industrial platforms. Moreover,we should to explore the governance path from the perspectives of policy management of formulating industry top plan,feature introduction of investment plan and the operating model of industrial developing innovation.
In the transformation of the sports industry and driven by the policy of national fitness,as a integrated platform for sports services with diversified sport project created by national and local governments,hierarchical service system,leisure participation style and amalgamation industry model,the small town has become one of the research focuses of comprehensively deepening reform of sports and theoretical research. From the perspective of industrial evolution and with the method of public policy analysis,the research suggests that the policy of national new-type urbanized process,the gathering of sports rural tourism mode,the change of mass healthy lifestyle and the sports project industry cultivation system are the driving forces of creating the small town under the background of industry-driven. Some elements have become a industrial evolution mechanism of the town,including the construction of New Country industry model,the motive power of sports industry cluster upgrading,the integration of sports and related industry in"forming,growth,mature and elimination period",liberal policy environment,technical content and the innovation of financing platform. The operating system of small town is a kind of multidimensional bodies management system,business entities product categories and industrial platform which is based on the government,society and market under the main structure of the management system,business entities,product categories and industrial platforms. Moreover,we should to explore the governance path from the perspectives of policy management of formulating industry top plan,feature introduction of investment plan and the operating model of industrial developing innovation.
引文
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[2]国家体育总局办公厅.《关于推动运动休闲特色小镇建设工作的通知》[Z].2017-05-11.
[3]柳鸣毅,沈克印,刘亮.体育公共治理现代化[M].北京:人民体育出版社,2016:1-4.
[4]JOY STANDEVEN,PAUL DE KNOP.Sport Tourism[M].United King?dom:Human Kinetics,1999:147.
[5]何祖星,夏贵霞.运动休闲产业与旅游产业融合发展的研究[J].西安体育学院学报,2015,32(6):685-689.
[6]董芹芹,沈克印.法国运动休闲特色小镇建设经验及对中国的启示[J].武汉体育学院学报,2018,52(6):21-25.
[7]国家体育总局办公厅.关于公布第一批运动休闲特色小镇试点项目名单的通知[Z].2017-05-09.
[8]NELSON R,WINTER S. An evolutionary theory of the firm[R].Belknap,Harvard,1982.
[9]刘亚军,储新民.中国“淘宝村”的产业演化研究[J].中国软科学,2017,2(2):29-36.
[10]RAMSHAW G.Sport,heritage,and tourism. Journal of Heritage Tour?ism,2014,11(9):191-196.
[11]柳鸣毅.国家体育治理体系与治理能力现代化的思考[J].国家治理,2016,10(22):34-40.