考虑码头内外堆场竞争的集装箱堆存定价模型
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摘要
针对由于集装箱吞吐量增加造成翻箱成本增加与码头堆场拥堵,考虑内外堆场竞争,构建集装箱堆存定价模型,研究内外堆场竞争下的堆存定价决策和货主移箱决策,分析码头堆场操作成本、场外堆场运输成本、货主需求参数和码头堆场收益的内在关系。算例结果表明:一旦过了免费期立即移箱到场外堆场,货主成本最小。随着场外堆场运输成本的增加,码头堆场的堆存定价和箱量增加,提高码头堆场收益。随着码头堆场操作成本降低,码头堆场堆存价格随之下降,但码头堆存箱量增加,提高码头堆场收益。此外降低堆场定价对货主需求的影响参数以及提高运输成本对货主需求的影响系数,有利于提高码头堆场收益。
We develop container storage pricing model considering the competition between internal and external yards aimed at solving the increasing container throughput which is caused by the shift cost and congestion in container terminal. The yards' pricing decision-making and shipper's transfer time decision-making in the competition between internal and external yards are formulated by the game model. The relationship of terminal yard profit to terminal yard operation cost,transportation cost and demand coefficient is analyzed. The results indicate that the shipper's cost reach the minimum with transferring container when it exceeds free time. The terminal yard's optimal pricing,optimal quantity and maximum profit increase with the increase of the transportation cost. The terminal yard's optimal quantity and maximum profit increase with the decrease of the terminal yard operation cost.Meanwhile,with the optimal price reversed it's beneficial for terminal yard to reduce the affection coefficient of yard pricing to shipper demand and improve the affection coefficient of transportation to shipper demand.
We develop container storage pricing model considering the competition between internal and external yards aimed at solving the increasing container throughput which is caused by the shift cost and congestion in container terminal. The yards' pricing decision-making and shipper's transfer time decision-making in the competition between internal and external yards are formulated by the game model. The relationship of terminal yard profit to terminal yard operation cost,transportation cost and demand coefficient is analyzed. The results indicate that the shipper's cost reach the minimum with transferring container when it exceeds free time. The terminal yard's optimal pricing,optimal quantity and maximum profit increase with the increase of the transportation cost. The terminal yard's optimal quantity and maximum profit increase with the decrease of the terminal yard operation cost.Meanwhile,with the optimal price reversed it's beneficial for terminal yard to reduce the affection coefficient of yard pricing to shipper demand and improve the affection coefficient of transportation to shipper demand.
引文
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[7] Qiu X,Huang G Q,Lam J S L. A bilevel analytical model for dynamic storage pricing in a supply hub in industrial park(SHIP)[J]. IEEE Transactions on Automation Science&Engineering,2014,12:1017-1032.
[8] Castilho B D,Daganzo C F. Optimal pricing policies for temporary storage at ports[J]. University of California Transportation Center Working Papers,1991.
[9] Kim K H,Kim K Y. Optimal price schedules for storage of inbound containers[J]. Transportation Research Part B Methodological,2007,41(8):892-905.
[10] Fransoo J C,Lee C Y. Ocean container transport:an underestimated and critical link in global supply chain performance[J]. Production&Operations Management,2010.
[11] Lee C Y,Yu M. Inbound container storage price competition between the container terminal and a remote container yard[J]. Flexible Services and Manufacturing Journal,2012,24(3):320-348.
[12] Martín E,Salvador J,SauríS. Storage pricing strategies for import container terminals under stochastic conditions[J]. Transportation Research Part E Logistics&Transportation Review,2014,68(9):118-137.
[2] Rodrigue J P,Notteboom T. The terminalization of supply chains:reassessing the role of terminals in port/hinterland logistical relationships[J]. Maritime Policy&Management,2009,36(2):165-183.
[3] Fransoo J C,Lee C Y. Ocean container transport:an underestimated and critical link in global supply chain performance[J]. Production&Operations Management,2010.
[4] Meersman H,Van de Voorde E,Vanelslander T. Port pricing. considerations on economic principles and marginal costs[J]. European Journal of Transport and Infrastructure Research,2003,3(4):371-386.
[5] Holguín-Veras J, Jara-DíAz S. Optimal pricing for priority service and space allocation in container ports[J]. Transportation Research Part B Methodological,1999,33(2):81-106.
[6] Holguín-Veras J,Jara-Díaz S. Preliminary insights into optimal pricing and space allocation at intermodal terminals with elastic arrivals and capacity constraint[J].Networks and Spatial Economics,2006,6(1):25-38.
[7] Qiu X,Huang G Q,Lam J S L. A bilevel analytical model for dynamic storage pricing in a supply hub in industrial park(SHIP)[J]. IEEE Transactions on Automation Science&Engineering,2014,12:1017-1032.
[8] Castilho B D,Daganzo C F. Optimal pricing policies for temporary storage at ports[J]. University of California Transportation Center Working Papers,1991.
[9] Kim K H,Kim K Y. Optimal price schedules for storage of inbound containers[J]. Transportation Research Part B Methodological,2007,41(8):892-905.
[10] Fransoo J C,Lee C Y. Ocean container transport:an underestimated and critical link in global supply chain performance[J]. Production&Operations Management,2010.
[11] Lee C Y,Yu M. Inbound container storage price competition between the container terminal and a remote container yard[J]. Flexible Services and Manufacturing Journal,2012,24(3):320-348.
[12] Martín E,Salvador J,SauríS. Storage pricing strategies for import container terminals under stochastic conditions[J]. Transportation Research Part E Logistics&Transportation Review,2014,68(9):118-137.