基于邻域灰度信息误差扩散算法的电润湿电子纸研究
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摘要
电润湿电子纸显示灰度等级不足且由于油墨回流现象造成图像对比度下降而显示效果不佳。本文针对电润湿显示提出一种基于像素邻域灰度信息的误差扩散算法。首先,通过直方图均衡处理提高图像对比度,然后在经典误差扩散算法基础上,根据图像当前像素邻域平均灰度,像素与邻域平均灰度差异以及邻域灰度相似性对原固定阈值调节。实验结果表明,直方图均衡处理加上改进后算法相较于传统误差扩散算法,图像评价指标PSNR值、SSIM值和UIQI值分别提高了约0.3～0.5dB,0.03～0.04,0.02～0.04。最终在电润湿电子纸上显示的图像质量有大部分提高,细节层次更丰富,且保留了图像边缘。
Electrowetting electronic paper shows insufficient gray scale and poor image contrast due to ink reflow phenomenon.In this paper,an error diffusion algorithm based on pixel neighborhood grayinformation was proposed for electrowetting electronic paper display.Firstly,the image contrast was improved by histogram equalization processing.Then,based on the classical error diffusion algorithm,the original fixed threshold was adjusted according to the current pixel's neighborhood average gray level,the difference and similarity between pixel and neighborhood pixel.The experimental results show that the histogram equalization process plus the improved algorithm compared with the traditional error diffusion algorithm,the PSNR,SSIM and UIQI values of image evaluation index are respectively improved by about 0.3—0.5 dB,0.03—0.04 and 0.02—0.04.Eventually,the quality of the image displayed on the electrowetting electronic paper is mostly improved,the level of detail is richer,and the edges of the image are preserved.
Electrowetting electronic paper shows insufficient gray scale and poor image contrast due to ink reflow phenomenon.In this paper,an error diffusion algorithm based on pixel neighborhood grayinformation was proposed for electrowetting electronic paper display.Firstly,the image contrast was improved by histogram equalization processing.Then,based on the classical error diffusion algorithm,the original fixed threshold was adjusted according to the current pixel's neighborhood average gray level,the difference and similarity between pixel and neighborhood pixel.The experimental results show that the histogram equalization process plus the improved algorithm compared with the traditional error diffusion algorithm,the PSNR,SSIM and UIQI values of image evaluation index are respectively improved by about 0.3—0.5 dB,0.03—0.04 and 0.02—0.04.Eventually,the quality of the image displayed on the electrowetting electronic paper is mostly improved,the level of detail is richer,and the edges of the image are preserved.
引文
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[11]王欣波,胡建华,王云宽,等.基于纹理与色调感知的变系数误差扩散算法[J].华南理工大学学报(自然科学版),2016,44(9):41-46.WANG X B,HU J H,WANG Y K,et al.An Error diffusion algorithm with variable coefficients based on texture structure and tone awareness[J].Journal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science Edition),2016,44(9):41-46.(in Chinese)
[12]林胜华,汪继文,沈玉峰,等.利用邻域相似度的图像修复[J].计算机工程与应用,2010,46(7):190-191.LIN S H,WANG J W,SHEN Y F,et al.Image inpainting by neighborhood similarity[J].Computer Engineering and Applications,2010,46(7):190-191.(in Chinese)
[13]褚江,陈强,杨曦晨.全参考图像质量评价综述[J].计算机应用研究,2014,31(1):13-22.CHU J,CHEN Q,YANG X C.Review on full reference image quality assessment algorithms[J].Application Research of Computers,2014,31(1):13-22.(in Chinese)
[2]梁永峰.一种改进的误差扩散算法[D].西安:西安电子科技大学,2013.LIANG Y F.An improved error diffusion algorithm[D].Xi′an:Xidian University,2013.(in Chinese)
[3]林夏薇,林东.多级半色调技术在电纸书显示优化中的应用[J].计算机系统应用,2015,24(3):31-37.LIN X W,LIN D.Multitoning technology application in the electric paper books display optimization[J].Computer Systems&Applications,2015,24(3):31-37.(in Chinese)
[4]SHI X G,LI X Q.An improved error diffusion algorithm based on laplacian transform and adaptive median filter[C]//Proceedings of International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction.Springer International Publishing.Heraklion,Crete,Greece:Springer,2014:540-545.
[5]CHUNG K L,PEI S C,PAN Y L,et al.A gradient-based adaptive error diffusion method with edge enhancement[J].Expert Systems with Applications,2011,38(3):1591-1601.
[6]SARAILIDIS G,KATSAVOUNIDIS I.A multiscale error diffusion technique for digital multitoning[J].IEEETransactions on Image Processing,2012,21(5):2693-2705.
[7]KNOX K T,ESCHBACH R.Threshold modulation in error diffusion[J].Journal of Electronic Imaging,1993,2(3):185-192.
[8]HWANG B W,KANG T H,LEE T S.Improved edge enhanced error diffusion based on first-order gradient shaping filter[M]//ORCHARD B,YANG C S,ALI M.Innovations in Applied Artificial Intelligence.Berlin,Heidelberg:Springer,2004:473-482.
[9]KWAK N J,RYU S P,AHN J H.Edge-enhanced error diffusion halftoning using human visual properties[C]//Proceedings of 2006 International Conference on Hybrid Information Technology.Cheju Island,South Korea:IEEE,2006:499-504.
[10]陈超辉.图像误差扩散半色调技术研究[D].长沙:湖南工业大学,2017.CHEN C H.Half-tone technology study of image based on error diffusion[D].Changsha:Hunan University of Technology,2017.(in Chinese)
[11]王欣波,胡建华,王云宽,等.基于纹理与色调感知的变系数误差扩散算法[J].华南理工大学学报(自然科学版),2016,44(9):41-46.WANG X B,HU J H,WANG Y K,et al.An Error diffusion algorithm with variable coefficients based on texture structure and tone awareness[J].Journal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science Edition),2016,44(9):41-46.(in Chinese)
[12]林胜华,汪继文,沈玉峰,等.利用邻域相似度的图像修复[J].计算机工程与应用,2010,46(7):190-191.LIN S H,WANG J W,SHEN Y F,et al.Image inpainting by neighborhood similarity[J].Computer Engineering and Applications,2010,46(7):190-191.(in Chinese)
[13]褚江,陈强,杨曦晨.全参考图像质量评价综述[J].计算机应用研究,2014,31(1):13-22.CHU J,CHEN Q,YANG X C.Review on full reference image quality assessment algorithms[J].Application Research of Computers,2014,31(1):13-22.(in Chinese)