GAP基热塑性弹性体改性单基发射药的热行为及力学性能
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摘要
为改善单基发射药的力学性能,制备了聚叠氮缩水甘油醚(GAP)基含能热塑性弹性(GAP-ETPE)不同含量的单孔管状改性单基发射药,通过甲基紫试验和真空安定性试验、差示扫描量热法(DSC)研究了发射药热安定性和热分解过程,并测试了其冲击和压缩性能,分析了GAP-ETPE含量的变化对改性单基发射药热行为和力学性能的影响。结果表明:随着GAP-ETPE含量的增加,改性单基药的热安定性逐渐提高,热分解放热峰温、放热量和密度逐渐降低;低温(-40℃)、常温(20℃)和高温(50℃)下改性单基发射药试样的冲击强度和压缩率提高、抗压强度降低。与空白试样相比,GAP-ETPE含量为30%时,低温、常温和高温下试样的冲击强度分别提高了161.4%、160.1%和164.0%,压缩强度分别降低了23.6%、28.8%和33.1%,压缩率分别提高了246.4%、233.9%和266.0%。
In order to improve the mechanical property of single-base propellant,the single perforation cylinder modified single-base propellant containing glycidyl azide polymer( GAP)-base energetic thermoplastic elastomer were prepared. The thermal stability was evaluated by methyl violet method and vacuum stability test. The thermal decomposition process of the sample was investigated by using differential scanning calorimetry method( DSC). The impact and compression properties of the sample were studied. The results show that when increasing the content of GAP-ETPE,the thermal stability of the modified single-base propellant improve,the exothermic peak temperature,enthalpy of thermal decomposition and density gradually decrease; the impact strength and compression ratio of modified single-base propellant sample under the temperature of-40 ℃,20 ℃ and 50 ℃ all gradually increases,while the compressive strength decreases. Compared with the blank sample,the impact strength of the sample containing 30% of GAP-ETPE at low temperatures,room temperature and high temperature increases by 161.4%,160.1% and 164.0%,respectively; compressive strength decreases by 23.6%,28.8% and 33.1%,respectively; compression ratio increases by 246.4%,233.9% and 266.0%,respectively.
In order to improve the mechanical property of single-base propellant,the single perforation cylinder modified single-base propellant containing glycidyl azide polymer( GAP)-base energetic thermoplastic elastomer were prepared. The thermal stability was evaluated by methyl violet method and vacuum stability test. The thermal decomposition process of the sample was investigated by using differential scanning calorimetry method( DSC). The impact and compression properties of the sample were studied. The results show that when increasing the content of GAP-ETPE,the thermal stability of the modified single-base propellant improve,the exothermic peak temperature,enthalpy of thermal decomposition and density gradually decrease; the impact strength and compression ratio of modified single-base propellant sample under the temperature of-40 ℃,20 ℃ and 50 ℃ all gradually increases,while the compressive strength decreases. Compared with the blank sample,the impact strength of the sample containing 30% of GAP-ETPE at low temperatures,room temperature and high temperature increases by 161.4%,160.1% and 164.0%,respectively; compressive strength decreases by 23.6%,28.8% and 33.1%,respectively; compression ratio increases by 246.4%,233.9% and 266.0%,respectively.
引文
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[14]张阔,刘毅,卿辉,等.RDX/POLY(BAMO-AMMO)基发射药的热分解与燃烧性能[J].火炸药学报,2014,31(1):82-85.ZHANG Kuo,LIU Yi,QING Hui,et al.Thermal decomposition and combustion performance of RDX/POLY(BAMO-AMMO)based gun propellant[J].Chinese Journal of Explosives&Propellants,2014,31(1):82-85.
[15]堵平,王泽山.发射药内部微结构及其力学性能各向异性研究[J].南京理工大学学报(自然科学版),2009,33(5):696-699.DU Ping,WANG Ze-shan.Interior micro-structure and mechanical performance anisotropy of gun propellants[J].Journal of Nanjing University of Science and Technology(Natural Science),2009,33(5):696-699.
[16]柳超,张丽华,杨佩桦.高分子增韧剂对硝胺发射药抗冲击性能的影响[J].火炸药学报,2015,38(6):82-85.LIU Chao,ZHANG Li-hua,YANG Pei-hua.Effect of macromolecule toughening agent on the anti-impact properties of nitramine gun propellant[J].Chinese Journal of Explosives&Propellants,2015,38(6):82-85.
[2]Mulage K S,Patkar R N,Deuskar V D,et al.Studies on a novel thermoplastic polyurethane as a binder for extruded composite propellants[J].Journal of Energetic Materials,2007,25(4):233-245.
[3]Ampleman G.Development of a new generation of insensitive explosives and gun propellants[J].International Journal of Energetic Material&Chemical Propulsion,2010,9(2):107-132.
[4]Sikder A K,Reddy S.Review on energetic thermoplastic elastomers(ETPEs)for military science[J].Propellant,Explosives,Pyrotechnics,2013(38):14-28.
[5]Sekkar V,Raunija T S K.Hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene-based polyurethane networks as solid propellant binder-state of the art[J].Journal of Propulsion&Power,2015,31(1):16-35.
[6]何卫东,魏晓安,王泽山.热塑性弹性体在太根发射药中的应用研究[J].含能材料,2010,18(1):80-82.HE Wei-dong,WEI Xiao-an,WANG Ze-shan.Application of thermoplastic elastomer to triethylene glycol dinatrate propellants[J].Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials(Hanneng Cailiao),2010,18(1):80-82.
[7]吕勇,罗运军,葛震.含能热塑性弹性体研究进展[J].化工新型材料,2008,36(10):31-33.LYong,LUO Yun-jun,GE Zhen.Research development of energetic thermoplastic elastomers[J].New Chemical Materials,2008,36(10):31-33.
[8]李宁,肖乐勤,周伟良,等.GAP-ETPE基发射药配方的能量特性分析[J].火炸药学报,2010,33(2):74-77.LI Ning,XIAO Le-qin,ZHOU Wei-liang,et al.Energy characteristics analysis of GAP-ETPE propellant formulations[J].Chinese Journal of Explosives&Propellants,2010,33(2):74-77.
[9]丁海琴,肖乐勤,菅晓霞,等.GAP热塑性弹性体共混增韧硝化棉研究[J].固体火箭技术,2012,35(4):495-498.DING Hai-qin,XIAO Le-qin,JIAN Xiao-xia,et al.Research of blends of GAP-based polyurethane elastomer and NC[J].Journal of Solid Rocket Technology,2012,35(4):495-498.
[10]吴艳光,罗运军,葛震.GAP改性单基球形药的热分解性能研究[J].北京理工大学学报,2013,33(6):653-656.WU Yan-guang,LUO Yun-jun,GE Zhen.An investigation on the thermal decomposition properties of GAP modified single base spherical powder[J].Transactions of Beijing Institute of Technology,2013,33(6):653-656.
[11]胡义文,郑启龙,周伟良,等.GAP-ETPE/NC共混聚合物的制备与性能[J].含能材料,2016,24(4):331-335.HU Yi-wen,ZHENG Qi-long,ZHOU Wei-liang,et al.Preparation and performance of GAP-ETPE/NC polymer blends[J].Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials(Hanneng Cailiao),2016,24(4):331-335.
[12]刘佳,程山.甲基紫法对单基硝酸铵发射药安定性的研究[J].化学推进剂与高分子材料,2013,11(3):63-64.LIU Jia,CHENG Shan.Research on stability of single-base ammonium nitrate gun-propellants by methyl violet method[J].Chemical Propellants&Polymeric Materials,2013,11(3):63-64.
[13]贾林,陆洪林,韩芳,等.叠氮硝胺对硝基胍发射药热行为的影响[J].火炸药学报,2015,38(3):90-93.JIA Lin,LU Hong-lin,HAN Fang,et al.Influence of azidonitramine on the thermal behavior of the nitroguanidine-base gun propellant[J].Chinese Journal of Explosives&Propellants,2015,38(3):90-93.
[14]张阔,刘毅,卿辉,等.RDX/POLY(BAMO-AMMO)基发射药的热分解与燃烧性能[J].火炸药学报,2014,31(1):82-85.ZHANG Kuo,LIU Yi,QING Hui,et al.Thermal decomposition and combustion performance of RDX/POLY(BAMO-AMMO)based gun propellant[J].Chinese Journal of Explosives&Propellants,2014,31(1):82-85.
[15]堵平,王泽山.发射药内部微结构及其力学性能各向异性研究[J].南京理工大学学报(自然科学版),2009,33(5):696-699.DU Ping,WANG Ze-shan.Interior micro-structure and mechanical performance anisotropy of gun propellants[J].Journal of Nanjing University of Science and Technology(Natural Science),2009,33(5):696-699.
[16]柳超,张丽华,杨佩桦.高分子增韧剂对硝胺发射药抗冲击性能的影响[J].火炸药学报,2015,38(6):82-85.LIU Chao,ZHANG Li-hua,YANG Pei-hua.Effect of macromolecule toughening agent on the anti-impact properties of nitramine gun propellant[J].Chinese Journal of Explosives&Propellants,2015,38(6):82-85.