纳米改性塑料防虫网在夏白菜上的应用
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摘要
为了探索纳米改性塑料作为防虫网材质的可行性,试验通过网棚栽培夏白菜对比研究了普通防虫网和纳米改性塑料防虫网覆盖栽培对大棚小气候、夏白菜的生长及主要害虫斜纹夜蛾Spodoptera litura(Fabricius)防效的影响。结果表明:纳米改性塑料防虫网内夏白菜的株幅、莲座叶数、球高、球横径、单球重均优于普通防虫网,夏白菜产量比普通防虫网覆盖的增加了33.3%;纳米改性塑料防虫网的累积卵块数仅为普通防虫网累积卵块数的55.4%,且孵化率为0;而普通防虫网上孵化率较高,且孵化出的幼虫均能成活。因此,纳米改性塑料防虫网覆盖可以显著提高夏白菜的产量,防止斜纹夜蛾对夏白菜的危害。
The cultural experiment of summer cabbage under nano-plastic modified insect-proof net(NPMIN) was conducted in respects of humidity variation, growth status and the control effect to Spodoptera litura, using the common insect-proof net(CIN) as the comparison. The results showed that the plant width, leaf number, corm height, corm diameter and corm weight of the summer cabbage under the NPMIN were better, especially yield per acre was 33.3% higher than those under CIN. In contrast, the number of S.litura egg under the NPMIN was only 55.4% of that under CIN, and the hatching rate of the egg under NPMIN was 0, while CIN was 100%. Whence,covering with the NPMIN could boost the summer cabbage yield significantly, and prevent S.litura from damage effectively.
The cultural experiment of summer cabbage under nano-plastic modified insect-proof net(NPMIN) was conducted in respects of humidity variation, growth status and the control effect to Spodoptera litura, using the common insect-proof net(CIN) as the comparison. The results showed that the plant width, leaf number, corm height, corm diameter and corm weight of the summer cabbage under the NPMIN were better, especially yield per acre was 33.3% higher than those under CIN. In contrast, the number of S.litura egg under the NPMIN was only 55.4% of that under CIN, and the hatching rate of the egg under NPMIN was 0, while CIN was 100%. Whence,covering with the NPMIN could boost the summer cabbage yield significantly, and prevent S.litura from damage effectively.
引文
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[2]黄保宏,林桂坤,王学辉,等.防虫网对设施蔬菜害虫控害作用研究[J].植物保护,2013,39(6):164-169.
[3]舒畅,陈凤英,徐国平,等.防虫网对蔬菜病虫害防治效果对比试验[J].生物灾害科学,2003,26(3):108-109.
[4]王志春,吴承东,王春云,等.蔬菜大棚上覆盖防虫网对蔬菜主要害虫的防治效果[J].江苏农业科学,2014,42(9):122-123.
[5]毛罕平.设施农业的现状与发展[J].农业装备技术,2007,33(5):4-9.
[6]李军.防虫网覆盖塑料大棚小气候模拟模型研究[D].南京:南京农业大学,2009.
[7]吴乾兴,肖日升,李劲松,等.不同目数防虫网覆盖对豇豆栽培小气候的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2013,(12):5244-5246.
[8]徐坚,刘辉,黄承贤,等.不同目数防虫网覆盖栽培小白菜效果试验[J].浙江农业科学,1999,(4):179-182.
[9]陈家金,吴振海,卓先贻.蔬菜防虫网覆盖栽培的小气候效应分析[J].福建农业科技,2000,(1):12-13.
[10]许如意,袁廷庆,吴乾兴,等.不同目数防虫网覆盖对豇豆生长的影响[J].中国瓜菜,2011,24(5):40-43.
[11]侯翠萍,马承伟.温室用防虫网选用依据[J].北方园艺,2007,(3):95-97.
[12]雷毅,郭建良,余焱群.基于纳米粒子改性塑料性能的研究[J].工程塑料应用,2004,32(11):24-27.