至今千载慕冥鸿——诸葛亮政治人生和道德境界的典范意义
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摘要
从治国之道、政治理想、道德追求几个方面分析了诸葛亮的政治人生,探讨了诸葛亮礼法结合、王霸杂用的统军治国之道,基于人格独立、君臣际会的政治理想,淡泊宁静、廉洁自律、忠诚奉献的道德追求,认为诸葛亮于乱世中相机而出,担当济世救民重任,显示了儒家所倡导的兼济天下的济世情怀及"知其不可为而为之"的积极进取精神。
This paper analyzes Zhuge Liang's political life from several aspects of the way of governing,political ideal and moral pursuit.It explores Zhuge Liang's way of governing the country,which is based on the political ideal of independence of personality and the kings and ministers have an acquaintance,the a moral pursuit of tranquility,honesty,self-discipline and loyalty.It is believed that Zhuge Liang came out in the chaos of the world and took on the responsibility of helping the world to save the people.It shows the feelings of benefitting mankind by Confucianism and the positive spirit of"knowing the impossibilities but persevering".
This paper analyzes Zhuge Liang's political life from several aspects of the way of governing,political ideal and moral pursuit.It explores Zhuge Liang's way of governing the country,which is based on the political ideal of independence of personality and the kings and ministers have an acquaintance,the a moral pursuit of tranquility,honesty,self-discipline and loyalty.It is believed that Zhuge Liang came out in the chaos of the world and took on the responsibility of helping the world to save the people.It shows the feelings of benefitting mankind by Confucianism and the positive spirit of"knowing the impossibilities but persevering".
引文
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[2]陈寿撰.三国志[M].斐松之,注.北京:中华书局,1959.
[3]王夫之.读通鉴论:第一册[M].北京:中华书局,1975.
[4]严可均.全晋文:中[M].北京:商务印书馆,1999.
[5]刘献廷.广阳杂记[M].北京:中华书局,1957:163.
[6]司马光.资治通鉴[M].北京:中华书局,1956.
[7]苏轼.苏轼文集:第一册[M].北京:中华书局,1986:112.
[8]徐培均.淮海集笺注:上[M].上海:上海古籍出版社,1994:723.
[9]程颢,程颐.二程集[M].王孝鱼,点校.北京:中华书局,1981.
[10]陈立.白虎通疏证:下[M].吴则虞,点校.北京:中华书局,1994:319.
[11]田锡.咸平集[M]∥影印文渊阁四库全书:第一〇八五册.台北:台湾商务印书馆,1986:398.
[12]欧阳修.欧阳修全集:第一册[M]李逸安,点校.北京:中华书局,2001:293-295.
[13]向宗鲁.说苑校证[M].北京:中华书局,1987:16.
[14]王树民.廿二史札记校证[M].北京:中华书局,1984:142.
[15]李昉.太平御览:第四卷[M].石家庄:河北教育出版社,1994:394.
[16]诸葛亮.诸葛亮集[M].北京:中华书局,1960.
[17]戴少望.将鉴论断[M]∥四库全书存目丛书:子部:第三〇册.济南:齐鲁书社,1995:695.
[18]裴度.蜀丞相诸葛武侯祠堂碑铭[M]∥王瑞功.诸葛亮研究集成.济南:齐鲁书社,1997.
[19]严可均.全三国文:下[M].北京:商务印书馆,1999.
[20]杨伯峻.孟子译注[M].北京:中华书局,1960:339.
[21]朱熹.朱子全书:第二十五册[M].上海:上海古籍出版社,安徽教育出版社,2002:4896.
[22]李定生,徐慧君.文子校释[M].上海:上海古籍出版社,2004:380.
[23]何宁.淮南子集释:上[M].北京:中华书局,1998:649.
[24]胡瑗.周易口义[M]∥影印文渊阁四库全书:第八册.台北:台湾商务印书馆,1986:186.
[25]习凿齿.诸葛武侯宅铭[M]∥王瑞功.诸葛亮研究集成.济南:齐鲁书社,1997:719.
[26]清高宗.御制诗集:二[M]∥影印文渊阁四库全书:第一三〇三册.台北:台湾商务印书馆,1986:550.