制度环境、府际竞争与开放政府数据政策扩散研究
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摘要
[目的/意义]作为国家治理方式之一的开放政府数据,正在全国城市中扩散,本文旨在研究开放政府数据在我国城市层面的时空演进规律和政策扩散机制。[方法/过程]将城市内部特征和外部因素整合成一个理论框架,对2012-2018年间40座城市的面板数据进行事件史分析。[结果/结论]研究发现,开放政府数据政策扩散在时间维度上经历了缓慢扩散期和迅速扩散期;在空间维度具有邻近效应、梯度效应和集聚效应;在扩散路径呈现纵向"吸纳——辐射"和横向"竞争——学习"两种特征;在扩散机理上,受多重因素影响,其中制度环境与竞争压力的影响最大。[创新/价值]研究揭示了开放政府数据政策扩散的影响因素与规律,丰富了现有研究,为开放政府数据进一步扩散提供了经验证据。
[Purpose/Significance] As one of the national governance methods,Open Government Data was gradually spreading in cities across the country,this paper aimed to study the spatiotemporal evolution and policy diffusion mechanism of open government data at the urban level of China. [Method/Process] The internal characteristics and external factors of cities were integrated into a theoretical framework,and a total of 225 sample data of 40 cities from 2012 to 2018 were analyzed with the method of event history analysis. [Result/Conclusion] The diffusion process of Chinese Open Government Data can be divided into slowing diffusion and rapid diffusion in the time dimension; In spatial dimension,there were proximity effect,gradient effect and agglomeration effect; The diffusion path was characterized by vertical "absorbing-radiation" and horizontal "competitive-learning"; The diffusion mechanism was affected by many factors,among which the institutional environment and competition pressure had the greatest influence. [Innovation/Value] This paper revealed the diffusion rules and influencing factors of open government data,filled in the existing research gaps,and provided theoretical guidance for further diffusion of open government data in Chinese governments at all levels.
[Purpose/Significance] As one of the national governance methods,Open Government Data was gradually spreading in cities across the country,this paper aimed to study the spatiotemporal evolution and policy diffusion mechanism of open government data at the urban level of China. [Method/Process] The internal characteristics and external factors of cities were integrated into a theoretical framework,and a total of 225 sample data of 40 cities from 2012 to 2018 were analyzed with the method of event history analysis. [Result/Conclusion] The diffusion process of Chinese Open Government Data can be divided into slowing diffusion and rapid diffusion in the time dimension; In spatial dimension,there were proximity effect,gradient effect and agglomeration effect; The diffusion path was characterized by vertical "absorbing-radiation" and horizontal "competitive-learning"; The diffusion mechanism was affected by many factors,among which the institutional environment and competition pressure had the greatest influence. [Innovation/Value] This paper revealed the diffusion rules and influencing factors of open government data,filled in the existing research gaps,and provided theoretical guidance for further diffusion of open government data in Chinese governments at all levels.
引文
[1]沈晶,胡广伟.利益相关者视角下政府数据开放价值生成机制研究[J].情报杂志,2016,35(12):92-97.
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[3]郑磊.开放政府数据研究:概念辨析、关键因素及其互动关系[J].中国行政管理,2015,(11):13-18.
[4]汤志伟,龚泽鹏,郭雨晖.基于二维分析框架的中美开放政府数据政策比较研究[J].中国行政管理,2017,(7):41-48.
[5]东方.国内外政府数据开放平台调查与分析[J].现代情报,2017,37(10):93-98.
[6]武琳,伍诗瑜.城市开放政府数据平台服务绩效评估体系构建及应用[J].图书馆论坛,2018,38(2):59-65.
[7]徐天雪,马海群.政府开放数据的协同监管研究[J].现代情报,2018,38(9):19-23.
[8]赵玉攀.国内开放政府数据研究的系统评述[J].现代情报,2018,38(2):164-170.
[9]赵慧.中国社会政策创新及扩散:以养老保险政策为例[J].国家行政学院学报,2013,(6):44-48.
[10]谭军.基于TOE理论架构的开放政府数据阻碍因素分析[J].情报杂志,2016,35(8):175-178,150.
[11]吴建南,张攀,刘张立.“效能建设”十年扩散:面向中国省份的事件史分析[J].中国行政管理. 2014,(1):76-84.
[12]朱旭峰,张友浪.创新与扩散:新型行政审批制度在中国城市的兴起[J].管理世界. 2015,(10):91-107.
[13]刘伟.国际公共政策的扩散机制与路径研究[J].世界经济与政治,2012,(4):40-58,156-157.
[14] Shipan C R,Volden C. The Mechanisms of Policy Diffusion[J].American Journal of Political Science,2010,52(4):840-857.
[15]向玉琼,黄健荣.论当代地方政策移植:内涵、必要性与可行性分析[J].吉林大学社会科学学报,2010,50(2):121-127.
[16]朱旭峰,张友浪.创新与扩散:新型行政审批制度在中国城市的兴起[J].管理世界,2015,(10):91-105,116.
[17] North D C. Institutions,Institutional Change and Economic Performance[M]. Cambridge University Press,1990.
[18]赵晶,郭海.公司实际控制权、社会资本控制链与制度环境[J].管理世界,2014,(9):160-171.
[19] Walker R M. An Empirical Evaluation of Innovation Types and Organizational and Environmental Characteristics:Towards a Configuration Framework[J]. Journal of Public Administration Research&Theory,2008,18(4):591-615.
[20] Kearney R C,Feldman B M,Scavo C P F. Reinventing Government:City Manager Attitudes and Actions[J]. Public Administration Review,2000,60(6):535-548.
[21] Berry F S. Innovation in Public Management:The Adoption of Strategic Planning[J]. Public Administration Review,1994,54(4):322-330.
[22] Mohr L B. Determinants of Innovation in Organizations[J]. American Political Science Review,1969,63(1):111-126.
[23] Zuiderwijk A,Janssen M,Choenni S,et al. Socio-technical Impediments of Open Data[J]. Electronic Journal of e-Government,2012,10(2):156-172.
[24] Zhu X,Zhao H. Recognition of Innovation and Diffusion of Welfare Policy:Alleviating Urban Poverty in Chinese Cities During Fiscal Recentralization[J]. Governance,2018(Forthcoming).
[25]陈志勇,陈思霞.制度环境、地方政府投资冲动与财政预算软约束[J].经济研究,2014,49(3):76-87.
[26] Balla S J. Interstate Professional Associations and the Diffusion of Policy Innovations[J]. American Politics Research, 2001, 29(3):221-245.
[27]朱旭峰,赵慧.政府间关系视角下的社会政策扩散:以城市低保制度为例(1993-1999)[J].中国社会科学. 2016,(8):95-117.
[28] Yang T M,Wu Y J. Examining the Socio-technical Determinants Influencing Government Agencies'Open Data Publication:A Study in Taiwan[J]. Government Information Quarterly, 2016, 33(3):378-392.
[2]李绪蓉,徐焕良.政府信息资源管理与开发[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2005:56.
[3]郑磊.开放政府数据研究:概念辨析、关键因素及其互动关系[J].中国行政管理,2015,(11):13-18.
[4]汤志伟,龚泽鹏,郭雨晖.基于二维分析框架的中美开放政府数据政策比较研究[J].中国行政管理,2017,(7):41-48.
[5]东方.国内外政府数据开放平台调查与分析[J].现代情报,2017,37(10):93-98.
[6]武琳,伍诗瑜.城市开放政府数据平台服务绩效评估体系构建及应用[J].图书馆论坛,2018,38(2):59-65.
[7]徐天雪,马海群.政府开放数据的协同监管研究[J].现代情报,2018,38(9):19-23.
[8]赵玉攀.国内开放政府数据研究的系统评述[J].现代情报,2018,38(2):164-170.
[9]赵慧.中国社会政策创新及扩散:以养老保险政策为例[J].国家行政学院学报,2013,(6):44-48.
[10]谭军.基于TOE理论架构的开放政府数据阻碍因素分析[J].情报杂志,2016,35(8):175-178,150.
[11]吴建南,张攀,刘张立.“效能建设”十年扩散:面向中国省份的事件史分析[J].中国行政管理. 2014,(1):76-84.
[12]朱旭峰,张友浪.创新与扩散:新型行政审批制度在中国城市的兴起[J].管理世界. 2015,(10):91-107.
[13]刘伟.国际公共政策的扩散机制与路径研究[J].世界经济与政治,2012,(4):40-58,156-157.
[14] Shipan C R,Volden C. The Mechanisms of Policy Diffusion[J].American Journal of Political Science,2010,52(4):840-857.
[15]向玉琼,黄健荣.论当代地方政策移植:内涵、必要性与可行性分析[J].吉林大学社会科学学报,2010,50(2):121-127.
[16]朱旭峰,张友浪.创新与扩散:新型行政审批制度在中国城市的兴起[J].管理世界,2015,(10):91-105,116.
[17] North D C. Institutions,Institutional Change and Economic Performance[M]. Cambridge University Press,1990.
[18]赵晶,郭海.公司实际控制权、社会资本控制链与制度环境[J].管理世界,2014,(9):160-171.
[19] Walker R M. An Empirical Evaluation of Innovation Types and Organizational and Environmental Characteristics:Towards a Configuration Framework[J]. Journal of Public Administration Research&Theory,2008,18(4):591-615.
[20] Kearney R C,Feldman B M,Scavo C P F. Reinventing Government:City Manager Attitudes and Actions[J]. Public Administration Review,2000,60(6):535-548.
[21] Berry F S. Innovation in Public Management:The Adoption of Strategic Planning[J]. Public Administration Review,1994,54(4):322-330.
[22] Mohr L B. Determinants of Innovation in Organizations[J]. American Political Science Review,1969,63(1):111-126.
[23] Zuiderwijk A,Janssen M,Choenni S,et al. Socio-technical Impediments of Open Data[J]. Electronic Journal of e-Government,2012,10(2):156-172.
[24] Zhu X,Zhao H. Recognition of Innovation and Diffusion of Welfare Policy:Alleviating Urban Poverty in Chinese Cities During Fiscal Recentralization[J]. Governance,2018(Forthcoming).
[25]陈志勇,陈思霞.制度环境、地方政府投资冲动与财政预算软约束[J].经济研究,2014,49(3):76-87.
[26] Balla S J. Interstate Professional Associations and the Diffusion of Policy Innovations[J]. American Politics Research, 2001, 29(3):221-245.
[27]朱旭峰,赵慧.政府间关系视角下的社会政策扩散:以城市低保制度为例(1993-1999)[J].中国社会科学. 2016,(8):95-117.
[28] Yang T M,Wu Y J. Examining the Socio-technical Determinants Influencing Government Agencies'Open Data Publication:A Study in Taiwan[J]. Government Information Quarterly, 2016, 33(3):378-392.