基于高频分量周期方差值的故障电弧检测
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摘要
依据国家标准GB/T 31143-2014《电弧故障保护电器(AFDD)的一般要求》,搭建模拟串联故障电弧实验平台。串联电弧发生时,电流过零点附近具有"平肩部"的典型特征。某些典型负载正常情况时,电流波形也有相似于"平肩部"的特征,故对故障电弧的检测存在误判。研究采用db4小波函数作为小波基函数,对降噪后电流波形数据进行2层小波分解和重构,并提取小波高频分量。对不同典型负载下的正常和故障电流波形数据分析表明,小波高频分量的周期方差值能够较好地区分正常电流和故障电弧,可将其作为典型负载下串联电弧发生的判据。实验结果表明了该方法的有效性。
The test bench for simulating series fault arc is established in accordance with General Requirements for Arc Fault Detection Device(AFDD)(GB/T 31143-2014).When a series arc occurs,the typical characteristic of " flat shoulder" is observed near the current zero-passing point.The current waveform also exhibits similar characteristic in some typical normal-load circumstances,resulting in possible erroneous judgment on detection of fault arc.In the study,the db4 wavelet function is adopted as the wavelet base function for two-layer wavelet decomposition and restructuring of current waveform data with noise reduction and extraction of wavelet high-frequency component.Analysis on normal and fault current waveform data under different typical loads indicates that the periodic variance value of wavelet high-frequency component can ideally distinguish normal and fault arcs,which can be adopted as the criterion for the occurrence of series arc under typical loads.The effectiveness of the method is proved by the experimental result.
The test bench for simulating series fault arc is established in accordance with General Requirements for Arc Fault Detection Device(AFDD)(GB/T 31143-2014).When a series arc occurs,the typical characteristic of " flat shoulder" is observed near the current zero-passing point.The current waveform also exhibits similar characteristic in some typical normal-load circumstances,resulting in possible erroneous judgment on detection of fault arc.In the study,the db4 wavelet function is adopted as the wavelet base function for two-layer wavelet decomposition and restructuring of current waveform data with noise reduction and extraction of wavelet high-frequency component.Analysis on normal and fault current waveform data under different typical loads indicates that the periodic variance value of wavelet high-frequency component can ideally distinguish normal and fault arcs,which can be adopted as the criterion for the occurrence of series arc under typical loads.The effectiveness of the method is proved by the experimental result.
引文
[1]公安部消防局.2013中国消防年鉴[M].北京:国际文化出版公司,2013.
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[16]卢其威,巫海东,王肃珂,等.基于差值均方根法的故障电弧检测的研究[J].电器与能效管理技术,2013(1):6-10.
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[18]上海电器科学研究院,等.GB/T 31143-2014电弧故障保护电器(AFDD)的一般要求[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2015.
[19]杨乐平.Lab VIEW高级程序设计[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2003.
[20]Johnson J.Series and parallel arc-fault circuit interrupter tests[J].Office of Scientific&Technical Information Technical Reports,2013.
[2]公安部消防局.2014中国消防年鉴[M].北京:国际文化出版公司,2014.
[3]王晓远,高淼,赵玉双.阻性负载下低压故障电弧特性分析[J].电力自动化设备,2015,35(05):106-110,118.
[4]窦甜华,段培永,段晨旭,等.一种建筑物低压供配电线路故障电弧检测新方法[J].微计算机信息,2011,27(03):159-161.
[5]刘晓明,徐叶飞,刘婷,等.基于电流信号短时过零率的电弧故障检测[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(13):125-133.
[6]蓝会立,张认成.基于小波分析的故障电弧伴生弧声特征提取[J].电力系统及其自动化学报,2008,20(4):57-62.
[7]董爱华,吕辉,苏波.低压配电箱故障电弧信号在线检测与报警系统[J].电测与仪表,2008,45(2):17-19.
[8]蔡彬,陈德桂,吴锐,等.开关柜内部故障电弧的在线检测和保护装置[J].电工技术学报,2005,20(10):83-87.
[9]Rabla M,Schweitzer P,Tisserand E.Method to Design Arc Fault Detection Algorithm Using FPGA[C]//Electrical Contacts(Holm),2011 IEEE 57th Holm Conference on.IEEE,2011:138-142.
[10]Müller P,Tenbohlen S,Maier R,et al.Characteristics of Series and Parallel Low Current Arc Faults in the Time and Frequency Domain[C]//Electrical Contacts(HOLM),2010 Proceedings of the 56th IEEEHolm Conference on.IEEE,2010:223-229.
[11]高艳艳,张认成,杨建红,等.采用高频特性的低压电弧故障识别方法[J].电力系统及其自动化学报,2016,28(6):49-55.
[12]Lezama Calvo J,Schweitzer P,Weber S,et al.Arcing Detection at Home System Using Correlation analysis[C]//Icec 2014 the International Conference on Electrical Contacts;Proceedings of.VDE,2014:1-6.
[13]Zhang S,Zhang F,Liu P,et al.Identification of Low Voltage AC Series Arc Faults by using Kalman Filtering Algorithm[J].Elektronika Ir Elektrotechnika,2014,20(5):51-56.
[14]Lezama J,Schweitzer P,Weber S,et al.Arc fault detection based on temporal analysis[J].Electrical Contacts Proceedings of the Annual Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts,2015.
[15]程红,关晓晴,郭立东.串联电弧故障信号的时频特征分析[J].低压电器,2010,40(18):5-7,35.
[16]卢其威,巫海东,王肃珂,等.基于差值均方根法的故障电弧检测的研究[J].电器与能效管理技术,2013(1):6-10.
[17]杨芳明.小波分析及其应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2005.
[18]上海电器科学研究院,等.GB/T 31143-2014电弧故障保护电器(AFDD)的一般要求[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2015.
[19]杨乐平.Lab VIEW高级程序设计[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2003.
[20]Johnson J.Series and parallel arc-fault circuit interrupter tests[J].Office of Scientific&Technical Information Technical Reports,2013.