双馈风力发电机组快速电磁暂态仿真模型
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摘要
双馈风电机组含变换器等电力电子设备,电磁暂态仿真步长小、速度慢。为实现双馈风电机组的快速电磁暂态仿真,利用开关函数平均化的思想,建立了考虑Crowbar保护电路投切、变换器闭锁暂态过程的受控源型变换器统一简化等效模型,并提出一种预测校正的调制量计算方法,基于该等效模型构建了完整的双馈风电机组快速电磁暂态仿真模型。最后,以1.5 MW双馈风力发电机组为例,基于PSCAD/EMTDC仿真软件搭建模型,从正确性、仿真步长适应性和仿真速度三方面对快速电磁暂态仿真模型进行验证。通过仿真结果比对分析,证明了该快速电磁暂态仿真模型不同应用场合的适用性。
Because of the converter in power electronic equipment, the step and speed of electromagnetic transient simulation for doubly-fed induction generator(DFIG) based wind turbine is small and slow. In order to realize the rapid electromagnetic transient simulation of DFIG based wind turbine, the unified simplified equivalent model of controlled source converter is proposed with consideration of averaged switching function, Crowbar protection circuit switching and converter locking transient processes. A predictive correction method for modulation is put forward, then the rapid electromagnetic transient simulation model of DFIG based wind turbine is established based on the equivalent model. Finally, taking 1.5 MW DFIG based wind turbine as an example, the validation of proposed model is carried out by PSCAD/EMTDC simulation software from model correctness, simulation step adaptability and simulation speed. The simulation results are compared and analyzed, which prove the applicability of the rapid electromagnetic transient model in different application scenarios.
Because of the converter in power electronic equipment, the step and speed of electromagnetic transient simulation for doubly-fed induction generator(DFIG) based wind turbine is small and slow. In order to realize the rapid electromagnetic transient simulation of DFIG based wind turbine, the unified simplified equivalent model of controlled source converter is proposed with consideration of averaged switching function, Crowbar protection circuit switching and converter locking transient processes. A predictive correction method for modulation is put forward, then the rapid electromagnetic transient simulation model of DFIG based wind turbine is established based on the equivalent model. Finally, taking 1.5 MW DFIG based wind turbine as an example, the validation of proposed model is carried out by PSCAD/EMTDC simulation software from model correctness, simulation step adaptability and simulation speed. The simulation results are compared and analyzed, which prove the applicability of the rapid electromagnetic transient model in different application scenarios.
引文
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[13] 舒德兀,李琰,张春朋,等.基于幅值分布函数的换流器平均化模型及其应用[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(15):73-78.SHU Dewu,LI Yan,ZHANG Chunpeng,et al.Converter averaged model based on amplitude distribution function and its application[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(15):73-78.
[14] 许寅,陈颖,陈来军,等.基于平均化理论的PWM变流器电磁暂态快速仿真方法:(二)适用PWM变流器分段平均模型的改进EMTP算法[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(12):51-56.XU Yin,CHEN Ying,CHEN Laijun,et al.Fast electromagnetic transient simulation method for PWM converters based on averaging theory:Part two improved EMTP algorithm suitable for piecewise averaged model of PWM converters[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2013,37(12):51-56.
[15] 肖运启,徐大平,吕跃刚.一种基于SPWM的交-直-交型变频器系统简化模型[J].系统仿真学报,2008,20(8):2185-2189.XIAO Yunqi,XU Daping,Lü Yuegang.Simplified model for AC-DC-AC converter system based on SPWM[J].Journal of System Simulation,2008,20(8):2185-2189.
[2] 陈武晖,王龙,谭伦农,等.WECC风力发电机组/场通用动态模型研究进展[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(3):738-750.CHEN Wuhui,WANG Long,TAN Lunnong,et al.Recent progress of developing WECC generic models of wind turbine generators/plants for dynamic simulation[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(3):738-750.
[3] 栗然,唐凡,刘英培,等.基于自适应变异粒子群算法的双馈风电机组等值建模[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(4):22-27.LI Ran,TANG Fan,LIU Yingpei,et al.Equivalent model of doubly-fed wind turbine generator system based on auto-mutation particle swarm optimization algorithm[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2012,36(4):22-27.
[4] 张慧玲,郝思鹏,袁越,等.基于实测数据的双馈风电机组外特性研究及简化建模[J].电力系统保护与控制,2013,41(17):82-87.ZHANG Huiling,HAO Sipeng,YUAN Yue,et al.Research on external characteristics of DFIG and simplified modeling based on testing data[J].Power System Protection and Control,2013,41(17):82-87.
[5] 夏安俊,鲁宗相,闵勇,等.双馈异步发电机风电场聚合模型研究[J].电网技术,2015,39(7):1879-1885.XIA Anjun,LU Zongxiang,MIN Yong,et al.An aggregated model of wind farm composed of doubly fed induction generators[J].Power system Technology,2015,39(7):1879-1885.
[6] 张琛,李征,蔡旭,等.面向电力系统暂态稳定分析的双馈风电机组动态模型[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(20):5449-5460.ZHANG Chen,LI Zheng,CAI Xu,et al.Dynamic model of DFIG wind turbines for power system transient stability analysis[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(20):5449-5460.
[7] 刘其辉,韩贤岁.双馈风电机组模型简化的主要步骤和关键技术分析[J].华东电力,2014,42(5):839-845.LIU Qihui,HAN Xiansui.Main steps and key technology of the simplified model for doubly-fed induction generator[J].East China Electric Power,2014,42(5):839-845.
[8] 韩贤岁,刘其辉.双馈风力发电机组变流器模型简化研究[J].电测与仪表,2015,52(23):23-28.HAN Xiansui,LIU Qihui.The simplification and analysis of DFIG converter model[J].Electrical Measurement and Instrumentation,2015,52(23):23-28.
[9] AMIRI N,EBRAHIMI S,JATSKEVICH J.Efficient simulation of wind generation systems using voltage-behind-reactance model of doubly-fed induction generators and average-value model of switching converter[C]// IEEE First Ukraine Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering,May 29-June 2,2017,Kiev,Ukraine.
[10] 舒德兀,张春朋,姜齐荣,等.电力电子仿真中开关时刻自校正插值算法[J].电网技术,2016,40(5):1455-1461.SHU Dewu,ZHANG Chunpeng,JIANG Qirong,et al.A switching point self-correction interpolation algorithm for power electronic simulations[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(5):1455-1461.
[11] 范新凯,王艳婷,张保会.柔性直流电网的快速电磁暂态仿真[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(4):92-97.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20160623003.FAN Xinkai,WANG Yanting,ZHANG Baohui.Fast electromagnetic transient simulation for flexible DC power grid[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(4):92-97.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20160623003.
[12] 王成山,高菲,李鹏,等.电力电子装置典型模型的适应性分析[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(6):63-68.WANG Chengshan,GAO Fei,LI Peng,et al.Adaptability of typical power electronic device models[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2012,36(6):63-68.
[13] 舒德兀,李琰,张春朋,等.基于幅值分布函数的换流器平均化模型及其应用[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(15):73-78.SHU Dewu,LI Yan,ZHANG Chunpeng,et al.Converter averaged model based on amplitude distribution function and its application[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(15):73-78.
[14] 许寅,陈颖,陈来军,等.基于平均化理论的PWM变流器电磁暂态快速仿真方法:(二)适用PWM变流器分段平均模型的改进EMTP算法[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(12):51-56.XU Yin,CHEN Ying,CHEN Laijun,et al.Fast electromagnetic transient simulation method for PWM converters based on averaging theory:Part two improved EMTP algorithm suitable for piecewise averaged model of PWM converters[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2013,37(12):51-56.
[15] 肖运启,徐大平,吕跃刚.一种基于SPWM的交-直-交型变频器系统简化模型[J].系统仿真学报,2008,20(8):2185-2189.XIAO Yunqi,XU Daping,Lü Yuegang.Simplified model for AC-DC-AC converter system based on SPWM[J].Journal of System Simulation,2008,20(8):2185-2189.