横向非一致激励下土层地震响应的振动台模型试验研究
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摘要
针对自由场土体的非线性地震响应问题,采用悬挂式连续体模型箱,开展了横向一致激励和非一致激励下砂土自由场土体的振动台试验。通过试验,研究了不同地震动、不同地震强度作用下自由场土体的地震动反应特性及其变化规律,包括场地土体的动力特性、加速度地震响应、剪应力-剪应变以及土体的沉降。研究结果表明:土体的非线性发展程度不仅与地震动记录有关,还与地震动输入方式、加载等级有关;与一致激励相比,非一致激励下土体运动的不一致性引起了更强的土体结构性变化,频率降低,阻尼比增大,土体的加速度峰值和频谱峰值均有降低,土体的非线性发展相对较快。土体剪应力-剪应变曲线和沉降曲线的变化规律一定程度上也反映了土体的塑性发展情况,所得结论和自由场地震反应宏观现象一致,彼此佐证了结论的合理性。
The shaking table test of the sand soil free field under lateral uniform and non-uniform excitation is carried out to investigate the nonlinear seismic response of free field soil,By using a suspended continuum model box.Through experiments,the ground motion response characteristics and variation of free-field soil under different earthquake motions and different seismic intensity are studied,including the dynamic characteristics of soil,acceleration peak magnification coefficient,shear stress-shear strain and soil settlement. The results show that the degree of non-linear development of soil is not only related to the record of ground motion,but also to the input mode and loading grade of ground motion. Compared with the uniform excitation,Inconsistent movement of free-field soil under the non-uniform excitation lead tostronger structural change of soil,the decrease of frequency,the increase of damping ratio,the reducing of soil acceleration peak and spectral peak value and the relatively fast nonlinear development of soil. The variation law of soil shear stress shear strain curve and settlementcurve also reflected the plasticity development of soil. The conclusions obtained are consistent with the macroscopic phenomena of the free-field seismic response,which corroborated each other's rationality.
The shaking table test of the sand soil free field under lateral uniform and non-uniform excitation is carried out to investigate the nonlinear seismic response of free field soil,By using a suspended continuum model box.Through experiments,the ground motion response characteristics and variation of free-field soil under different earthquake motions and different seismic intensity are studied,including the dynamic characteristics of soil,acceleration peak magnification coefficient,shear stress-shear strain and soil settlement. The results show that the degree of non-linear development of soil is not only related to the record of ground motion,but also to the input mode and loading grade of ground motion. Compared with the uniform excitation,Inconsistent movement of free-field soil under the non-uniform excitation lead tostronger structural change of soil,the decrease of frequency,the increase of damping ratio,the reducing of soil acceleration peak and spectral peak value and the relatively fast nonlinear development of soil. The variation law of soil shear stress shear strain curve and settlementcurve also reflected the plasticity development of soil. The conclusions obtained are consistent with the macroscopic phenomena of the free-field seismic response,which corroborated each other's rationality.
引文
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[19]杜修力,韩俊艳,李立云.埋地管道振动台试验设计中相似关系的选取[J].防灾减灾工程学报. 2013,33(3):246-252.DU Xiuli,HAN Junyan,LI Liyun. Selection of shaking table test similarity relations for long-distance buried pipeline[J]. Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2013,33(3):246-252.(in Chinese)
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[22]楼梦麟,王文剑,朱彤,等.土-结构体系振动台模型试验中土层边界影响问题[J].地震工程与工程振动,2000,20(4):30-36.LOU Menglin,WANG Wenjian,ZHU Tong,et al. Soil lateral boundary effect in shaking table model test of soil-structure system[J]. Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Dynamics,2000,20(4):30-36.(in Chinese)
[23]李立云,王成波,韩俊艳,等.埋地管道-场地地震反应振动台试验研究的场地响应[J].地震工程与工程振动,2015,35(3):166-176.LI Liyun,WANG Chengbo,HAN Junyan. Analysis of site responses during shaking table test for the interaction between pipeline and soil[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Dynamics,2015,35(3):166-176.(in Chinese)
[24]王济,胡晓. MATLAB在振动信号处理中的应用[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2006.WANG Ji,HU Xiao. The application of MATLAB in vibrationsignal processing[M]. Beijing:China Water Power Press,2006.(in Chinese)
[25]王永志,Daniel W Wilson,等.动力离心模型试验循环剪应力–剪应变反演方法对比[J].岩土工程学报,2016,38(2):271-277.WANG Yongzhi,Daniel W Wilson,et al. Evaluation of cyclic shear stress-strain using inverse analysis techniques in dynamic centrifuge tests[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2016,38(2):271-277.(in Chinese)
[2] Idriss I M,Seed H B. Seismic response of horizontal soil lauers[J]. Am Soc Civil Engr J Soil Mech,1968,94(4):1003-1031.
[3]廖振鹏.地震小区划-理论与实践[M].北京:地震出版社. 1989.LIAO Zhenpeng. Earthquake community planning-theory and practice[M]. Beijing:Earthquake Press,1989.(in Chinese)
[4] Han G,Wu Z,Lin G. The analysis of random seismic response of nonlinear viscous soil layers[C]//Euro-China Joint Seminer on Earthquake Engineering,1986.
[5]吴再光,韩国城,林皋.非线性土层随机地震反应的概率平均等价线性化法[J].岩土工程学报,1989,11(4):9-16.WU Zaiguang,HAN Guocheng,LIN Gao. Probabilistic average approach for stochastic seismic response analysis of soil layers[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1989,11(4):9-16.(in Chinese)
[6]陈原,李杰.一致激励条件下非线性工程场地地震动相干函数分析[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2006,26(4):369-376.CHEN Yuan,LI Jie. Numerical simulation of coherency function of nonlinear ground motion under consistent excitations[J]. Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2006,26(4):369-376.(in Chinese)
[7]黄雨,叶为民,唐益群,等.上海软土场地的地震反应特征分析[J].地下空间与工程学报,2005,1(5):773-778.HUANG Yu,YE Weimin,TANG Yiqun,et al. Characteristic analysis for seismic ground response of soft soils in Shanghai[J]. Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2005,1(5):773-778.(in Chinese)
[8]李小军,彭青.不同类别场地地震动参数的计算分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2001,21(1):29-36.LI Xiaojun,PENG Qing. Calculation and analysis of earthquake ground motion parameters for different site categories[J]. Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Dynamics,2001,21(1):29-36.(in Chinese)
[9]齐文浩.土层非线性地震反应分析方法研究[D].哈尔滨:中国地震局工程力学研究所,2008.QI Wenhao. The study on method of seismic response analysis of nonlinear soil layers[D]. Harbin:Institute of Engineering Mechanics,China Earthquake Administration,2008.(in Chinese)
[10]李瑞山.新一代土层地震反应分析方法研究[J].国际地震动态,2017(7):41-42.LI Ruishan. Research on a New generation technique for ground seismic response analysis[J]. Rencent Development in World Seismology,2017(7):41-42.(in Chinese)
[11]刘晶波,王艳.成层半空间出平面自由波场的一维化时域算法[J].力学学报,2006,38(2):219-225.LIU Jingbo,WANG Yan. A 1-D time-domain method for 2-D wave motion in elastic layered half-space by antiplane wave oblique incidence[J].Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics,2006,38(2):219-225.(in Chinese)
[12]刘晶波,王艳.成层介质中平面内自由波场的一维化时域算法[J].工程力学,2007,24(7):16-22.LIU Jingbo,WANG Yan. A 1D time-domain method for in-plane wave motion of free field in in layered media[J]. Engineering Mechanics,2007,24(7):16-22.(in Chinese)
[13] Zhao Mi,Yin Houquan,Du Xiuli,et al. 1D finite element artificial boundary method for layered half space site response from obliquely incident earthquake[J]. Earthquakes and Structures,2015,9(1):173-194.
[14] Zhao Mi,Gao Zhidong,Wang Litao,et al. Obliquely incident earthquake input for soil-structure interaction in layered half space[J]. Earthquakes and Structures,2017,13(6):573-588.
[15]黄春霞,张鸿儒,隋志龙,等.饱和砂土地基液化特性振动台试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2006,28(12):2098-2103.HUANG Chunxia,ZHANG Hongru,SUI Zhilong,et al. Shaking table tests on liquefaction properties of saturated sand ground[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2006,28(12):2098-2103.(in Chinese)
[16]方林,蒋树屏,林志,等.穿越断层隧道振动台模型试验研究[J].岩土力学,2011,32(9):2709-2713.FANG Lin,JIANG Shuping,LIN Zhi,et al. Shaking table model test study of tunnel through fault[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(9):2709-2713.(in Chinese)
[17]马洪生,庄卫林,范刚,等.水平成层场地地震响应及地层分界面动力特性研究[J].公路工程,2016,41(2):123-128.MA Hongsheng,ZHUANG Weilin,FAN Gang,et al. Research on seismic response of horizontal layered site and seismic behavior of interface[J]. Highway Engineering,2016,41(2):123-128.(in Chinese)
[18]韩俊艳,埋地管道非一致激励地震反应分析方法与振动台试验研究[D].北京:北京工业大学,2014.HAN Junyan. The analysis method andshaking table testof buriedpipelineundernon-uniform seismic excitation[D]. Beijing:Beijng University of Technology,2014.(in Chinese)
[19]杜修力,韩俊艳,李立云.埋地管道振动台试验设计中相似关系的选取[J].防灾减灾工程学报. 2013,33(3):246-252.DU Xiuli,HAN Junyan,LI Liyun. Selection of shaking table test similarity relations for long-distance buried pipeline[J]. Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2013,33(3):246-252.(in Chinese)
[20]杜修力,韩俊艳,李立云,等.用于多台阵振动台试验实现地震动输入可控连续体模型箱[P].中国,实用新型专利,专利号:ZL201320123152. 1. 2013.DU Xiuli,HAN Junyan,LI Liyun,et al. Application of multi array vibration table test to realize seismic input controlled continuum model box[P]. China,Utility model patent,Patent number:ZL201320123152. 1. 2013.(in Chinese)
[21]韩俊艳,杜修力,李立云.土工振动台试验连续体模型箱的适用性研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2013,33(2):200-208.HAN Junyan,DU Xiuli,LI Liyun,et al. Study on applicability of continuum model box used in shaking table test[J]. Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Dynamics,2013,33(2):200-208.(in Chinese)
[22]楼梦麟,王文剑,朱彤,等.土-结构体系振动台模型试验中土层边界影响问题[J].地震工程与工程振动,2000,20(4):30-36.LOU Menglin,WANG Wenjian,ZHU Tong,et al. Soil lateral boundary effect in shaking table model test of soil-structure system[J]. Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Dynamics,2000,20(4):30-36.(in Chinese)
[23]李立云,王成波,韩俊艳,等.埋地管道-场地地震反应振动台试验研究的场地响应[J].地震工程与工程振动,2015,35(3):166-176.LI Liyun,WANG Chengbo,HAN Junyan. Analysis of site responses during shaking table test for the interaction between pipeline and soil[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Dynamics,2015,35(3):166-176.(in Chinese)
[24]王济,胡晓. MATLAB在振动信号处理中的应用[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2006.WANG Ji,HU Xiao. The application of MATLAB in vibrationsignal processing[M]. Beijing:China Water Power Press,2006.(in Chinese)
[25]王永志,Daniel W Wilson,等.动力离心模型试验循环剪应力–剪应变反演方法对比[J].岩土工程学报,2016,38(2):271-277.WANG Yongzhi,Daniel W Wilson,et al. Evaluation of cyclic shear stress-strain using inverse analysis techniques in dynamic centrifuge tests[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2016,38(2):271-277.(in Chinese)