不同热源模型对X光管靶材温度场的影响
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摘要
针对端窗透射微型X光管阳极靶材,分析了真空中靶材的热效应,建立了镀层旋转高斯体热源模型和均匀圆柱体热源模型,利用有限元分析软件ANSYS建模,采用不同热源模型模拟靶材温度场的分布,并给出不同热源模型下靶材在不同焦半径时的导热情况.实验模拟结果表明:输入功率一定时,采用两种热源模型能够得到基本一致的温度场,高温区均呈半椭球状;焦斑一定时,两种热源模型靶材中心温度均随输入功率成正比增加.当焦半径小于50μm时,两种热源模型温差达到300℃,在焦半径值在50μm附近时,两种热源模型靶材中心温度均会发生巨大变化.当焦半径大于50μm时,两种热源模型靶材中心温度相差不大.
The thermal effect of the target material in vacuum is analyzed for the transmission of the anode target of the micro X-ray tube in the end window. The heat source model of the rotating Gauss body for the coating and the heat source model of the uniform cylinder are established. Using the finite element analysis software ANSYS,different heat source models are used to simulate the distribution of the temperature field of the target,and heat conduction of the target with different focal radius under different heat source models is given. Results show that when the input power is constant,two kinds of heat source models get basically the same temperature field,and the high temperature region is all semi ellipsoid. For both models,the temperature at target center increases as input power is higher for the same focal spot. When the radius of the focal spot is less than 50 μm,temperature difference of the two heat source models reaches 300 ℃. When the focal radius is near 50 μm,the central temperature of the target material changes abruptly for both models. When the focal radius is larger than 50 μm,the center temperature for the two heat source models is close.
The thermal effect of the target material in vacuum is analyzed for the transmission of the anode target of the micro X-ray tube in the end window. The heat source model of the rotating Gauss body for the coating and the heat source model of the uniform cylinder are established. Using the finite element analysis software ANSYS,different heat source models are used to simulate the distribution of the temperature field of the target,and heat conduction of the target with different focal radius under different heat source models is given. Results show that when the input power is constant,two kinds of heat source models get basically the same temperature field,and the high temperature region is all semi ellipsoid. For both models,the temperature at target center increases as input power is higher for the same focal spot. When the radius of the focal spot is less than 50 μm,temperature difference of the two heat source models reaches 300 ℃. When the focal radius is near 50 μm,the central temperature of the target material changes abruptly for both models. When the focal radius is larger than 50 μm,the center temperature for the two heat source models is close.
引文
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[3]Foreman S M,Kealhofer C,Skulason G E.Ultrafast Microfocus X-ray Source Based on a Femtosecond Laser-Triggered Tip[J].Annalen der Physik,2013,525(1):19-22.
[4]Jeong J W,Kang J T,Choi S,et al.A Digital Miniature X-ray Tube With a High-Density Triode Carbon Nanotube Field Emitter[J].Applied Physics Letters,2013,102(2):023504.
[5]邵欣,邓玉福,马跃,等.X光管的构造、原理及应用[J].沈阳师范大学学报(自然科学版),2012,30(7):354-359.
[6]Pavelic V,Tanbakuchi R,Uyehara O A,et al.Experimental and computed temperature histories in gas tuchngsten arc welding of thin plates[J].Welding Journal,1969,48(7):295-305.
[7]Goldak J,Chakravarti A,Bibby M.A new finite element model for welding heat source[J].Metallurgical Transactions B,1984,15(2):299-305.
[8]Yao Z X,Yin L M,Lu Y H,et al.Acceleration of the growth of tin whisker by thermal aging and external tension[C].Proceedings of the Electronic Packaging Technology Conference,EPTC,2014.
[9]王秀凤,陈光南,胡世光,等.激光点热源作用下动态微变形的数值模拟与校验[J].中国激光,2004,31(12):1518-1522.
[10]胡鹏,陈发良.高速气流中激光加热平板数值模拟与分析[J].强激光与粒子束,2011,23(7):1935-1939.
[11]蒋方明,刘登瀛.热、质非经典传递过程的“瞬态薄层”模型[J].中国科学院研究生院学报,2000,17(1):28-35.
[12]薛增泉,吴全德,李洁.薄膜物理[M].北京:电子工业出版社,1991.
[13]王奇志,徐卫平,沙京田,等.小焦斑X射线管的研究[J].真空科学与技术学报,2013,33(7):670-673.
[14]杨强,葛良全,谷懿,等.微型X射线管靶材厚度理论计算与出射光谱模拟研究[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2013,33(4):1130-1134.
[15]杨世铭,陶文铨.传热学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006.
[16]华庆,殷景华,焦国芹,等.基于ANSYS的功率VDMOS器件的热分析及优化设计[J].电子器件,2009,32(2):354-356.
[17]Rybdylova O,Al Qubeissi M,Braun M,et al.A model for droplet heating and its implementation into ANSYSFluent[J].International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer,2016,76(10):265-270.