高福利下的频密罢工:近代商务印书馆劳资关系考察
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摘要
商务印书馆的福利待遇向来被人称道,与此形成吊诡的是近代商务印书馆劳资争议十分频繁。本文在一手史料与数据统计的基础上,对以下三个问题展开深入探究:一、在不同的历史阶段,商务印书馆的劳资关系结构具有怎样的变化;二、谁是劳资争议的主要发起方;三、就罢工的结果而言,劳资双方谁的赢面更大,由此全面呈现近代商务印书馆的劳资关系图景,并挖掘其深层意涵。
Based on first-hand historical materials and statistics, this paper explores the following three issues: first, how the structure of the labor relations of the Commercial Press had changed at different historical stages; second, who was the main initiator of labor disputes; third, as far as the results of the strikes were concerned, it was labor or employer to win more victories, thus fully presenting the picture of the labormanagement relationship of the modern Commercial Press, and excavating its deep meaning.
Based on first-hand historical materials and statistics, this paper explores the following three issues: first, how the structure of the labor relations of the Commercial Press had changed at different historical stages; second, who was the main initiator of labor disputes; third, as far as the results of the strikes were concerned, it was labor or employer to win more victories, thus fully presenting the picture of the labormanagement relationship of the modern Commercial Press, and excavating its deep meaning.
引文
[1]周武,陈来虎整理.商务印书馆董事会议录(一)[A]//周武主编.上海学第1辑[C].上海:上海人民出版社,2015:276
[2]徐再舟,赵义民.上海劳动状况[J].新青年,1920(6):22-29
[3]王云五.王云五文集6岫庐八十自述(上)[M].南昌:江西教育出版社,2011:134
[4]事实上,此阶段商务印书馆发生过一次劳资争议。1936年4月,商务印书馆“一·二八”后失业的工人为要求复工向上海市政府请愿,但这起劳资争议虽说是发生在此阶段,但实际上是上一阶段劳资争议的后续,而且它并非因商务印书馆内部的劳资冲突,是已解雇的旧工人与商务印书馆之间的争端。
[5]商务印书馆二次罢工之第二日[N].申报,1925-12-24
[6]张人凤,柳和城.张元济年谱长编(下)[M].上海:上海交通大学出版社,2011:902
[7]王云五.王云五全集(12)论管理论经济[M].北京:九州出版社,2013:96
[8]商务书馆纠纷案今日调解[N].申报,1931-01-21
[9]陈达.中国劳工问题[M].上海:商务印书馆,1929:160
[10]1930年“五九国耻日”,国民政府规定该日不放假,商务印书馆工会自行发通告停工,资方对此呈请社会局。社会局除令斥外,准资方照扣是日停工工资。工人停工在前,资方扣工资于后,故视为对价。
[2]徐再舟,赵义民.上海劳动状况[J].新青年,1920(6):22-29
[3]王云五.王云五文集6岫庐八十自述(上)[M].南昌:江西教育出版社,2011:134
[4]事实上,此阶段商务印书馆发生过一次劳资争议。1936年4月,商务印书馆“一·二八”后失业的工人为要求复工向上海市政府请愿,但这起劳资争议虽说是发生在此阶段,但实际上是上一阶段劳资争议的后续,而且它并非因商务印书馆内部的劳资冲突,是已解雇的旧工人与商务印书馆之间的争端。
[5]商务印书馆二次罢工之第二日[N].申报,1925-12-24
[6]张人凤,柳和城.张元济年谱长编(下)[M].上海:上海交通大学出版社,2011:902
[7]王云五.王云五全集(12)论管理论经济[M].北京:九州出版社,2013:96
[8]商务书馆纠纷案今日调解[N].申报,1931-01-21
[9]陈达.中国劳工问题[M].上海:商务印书馆,1929:160
[10]1930年“五九国耻日”,国民政府规定该日不放假,商务印书馆工会自行发通告停工,资方对此呈请社会局。社会局除令斥外,准资方照扣是日停工工资。工人停工在前,资方扣工资于后,故视为对价。