南京市病媒生物危害现状趋势与居民对其认知的调查
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摘要
目的 调查分析南京市病媒生物危害现状与趋势,以及居民对病媒生物知识认知情况。方法 使用夹夜法、诱蚊灯法、笼诱法和粘捕法分别监测鼠、蚊、蝇和蟑螂密度;采用问卷法调查南京市居民对病媒生物知识认知情况。结果 鼩鼱、三带喙库蚊、家蝇和德国小蠊是南京市的优势种群,而德国小蠊是绝对优势种,占96.42%。鼩鼱和三带喙库蚊主要分布于郊区或农村。鼠、蚊和蟑螂密度峰值出现在2014年,蝇密度峰值出现在2017年。居民对病媒生物知识认知均分为15.17,不同地区、文化程度和职业差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 病媒生物优势种群发生改变,年际呈动态变化,农村和郊区病媒生物危害上升,应加强居民健康教育和健康促进,提倡综合害虫管理(IPM)计划,综合防制病媒生物。
[Objective] To investigate the hazard situation and trend of vectors in Nanjing City,explore the residents' cognition to vectors knowledge.[Methods] The night trapping,lamp-trapping,cage-trapping and cockroach sticky traps methods were conducted to monitor the density of rats,mosquitoes,flies and cockroaches respectively. Questionnaire survey was used to explore the residents' cognition to vectors knowledge.[Results]Sorex araneus Linnaeus,Culex tritaeniorhynchus,Musca domestica and Blattella germanica were dominant species,and Blattella germanica was absolute dominant specie,accounting for 96.42%. Sorex araneus Linnaeus and Culex tritaeniorhynchus were mainly distributed in the suburbs or rural areas. The peak of annual density dynamic of rats,mosquitoes and cockroaches appeared in 2014,and the peak of flies appeared in 2017. The score of residents' knowledge of vector was 15.17,and the differences were statistically significant among groups in different region,education and occupation(P<0.05).[Conclusion]The dominant species of vector have changed and show a dynamic trend. The harm of vector increases in rural and suburban areas. It is necessary to strengthen health education and health promotion of residents,advocate integrated pest management(IPM) plan and control vector-borne organisms.
[Objective] To investigate the hazard situation and trend of vectors in Nanjing City,explore the residents' cognition to vectors knowledge.[Methods] The night trapping,lamp-trapping,cage-trapping and cockroach sticky traps methods were conducted to monitor the density of rats,mosquitoes,flies and cockroaches respectively. Questionnaire survey was used to explore the residents' cognition to vectors knowledge.[Results]Sorex araneus Linnaeus,Culex tritaeniorhynchus,Musca domestica and Blattella germanica were dominant species,and Blattella germanica was absolute dominant specie,accounting for 96.42%. Sorex araneus Linnaeus and Culex tritaeniorhynchus were mainly distributed in the suburbs or rural areas. The peak of annual density dynamic of rats,mosquitoes and cockroaches appeared in 2014,and the peak of flies appeared in 2017. The score of residents' knowledge of vector was 15.17,and the differences were statistically significant among groups in different region,education and occupation(P<0.05).[Conclusion]The dominant species of vector have changed and show a dynamic trend. The harm of vector increases in rural and suburban areas. It is necessary to strengthen health education and health promotion of residents,advocate integrated pest management(IPM) plan and control vector-borne organisms.
引文
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[12]孙俊,杨维芳,徐燕,等.2002-2006年江苏省媒介生物发生动态与防治探讨[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2007,l8(5):372-375.
[13]WU X,APPEL AG.Insecticide Resistance of Several Field-Collected German Cockroach(Dictyoptera:Blattellidae)Strains[J].J Econ Entomol 2017,110(3):1203-1209.
[2]PETERSEN LR,BEARD CB,VISSER SN.Combatting the Increasing Threat of Vector-Borne Disease in the United States with a National Vector-Borne Disease Prevention and Control System[J].Am J Trop Med Hyg,2018,11(29):1476-1645.
[3]魏绪强,周小洁.北京市不同城区德国小蠊对高效氯氰菊酯的抗药性发展动态研究[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2018,29(1):27-29.
[4]刘东华,张作民,曹官时.胜利油田地区德国小蠊抗药性监测结果分析[J].中国公共卫生,2015,31(9):1211-1213.
[5]张守刚,谢国祥,熊丽林,等.南京市2011年主要病媒生物密度、分布与构成情况分析[J].现代预防医学,2013,40(9):1749-1752.
[6]王伟,吴彤宇,马玉涛,等.天津市居民虫媒防治知识和行为及影响因素调查[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2014,25(2):156-158.
[7]中国疾病预防控制中心.2016年全国病媒生物监测方案[EB/OL].(2016-06-28)[2018-12-03].http://history.cpca.cn/kpzc/showarticle.asparticleid=5021.
[8]COUTINHO-ABREU IV,ZHU KY,RAMALHO-ORTIGAO M.Transgenesis and paratransgenesis to control insect-borne diseases:current status and future challenges[J].Parasitol Int,2010,59(1):1-8.
[9]RIDLEY DB,MOE JL,HAMON N.A Voucher System To Speed Review Could Promote A New Generation Of Insecticides To Fight Vector-Borne Diseases[J].Health Aff(Millwood).2017,36(8):1461-1468.
[10]DINGHA B,JACKAI L,MONTEVERDI RH,et al.Pest practices for the German cockroach(Blattodea:Blattellidae):A survey rural residents in North Carolina[J/OL].Fla Entomol,2013,96:1009-1015.[2018-12-03].http://www.bioone.org/.DOI:https://doi.org/10.1653/024.096.0339.
[11]DINGHA BN,O’NEAL J,APPEL AG,et al.Integrated pest management of the German cockroach(Blattodea:Blattellidae)in manufactured homes in rural North Carolina[J/OL].Fla Entomol,2016,99:587-592.[2018-12-03].http://www.bioone.org/DOI:https://doi.org/10.1653/024.099.0401
[12]孙俊,杨维芳,徐燕,等.2002-2006年江苏省媒介生物发生动态与防治探讨[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2007,l8(5):372-375.
[13]WU X,APPEL AG.Insecticide Resistance of Several Field-Collected German Cockroach(Dictyoptera:Blattellidae)Strains[J].J Econ Entomol 2017,110(3):1203-1209.