芬兰校园反欺凌项目KiVa:内涵、路径及其启示
|
摘要
校园欺凌问题一直是芬兰政府及芬兰教育部高度重视的社会问题,为解决这一问题,在芬兰教育部和文化部资助下,由芬兰图尔库大学(University of Turku)投入开发,于2006年开发和实施了KiVa项目,取得了显著的成效。本文对该项目进行系统介绍,涵盖项目提出的背景、项目的活动形式与运行方式等。KiVa项目的特色集中体现为积极唤醒旁观者对欺凌事件的反应,通过情景教学方式让学生体验校园欺凌事件,通过民主调解的方式让学生积极面对校园欺凌事件,从而达到消除校园欺凌的目的。KiVa项目在成立校园反欺凌项目组、开发KiVa课程、提升教师应对校园欺凌能力、家校合作等方面能够对我国中小学产生积极的启示作用。
School bullying has always been a social issue of great concern to the Finnish government and the Finnish ministry of education. To address this problem, KiVa was developed and implemented in 2006 by the University of Turku in Finland with funding from the ministry of education and the ministry of culture,which has achieved remarkable results and greatly reduced the incidence of school bullying. This paper aims to explore the connotation and path of KiVa project and combine the current situation of school bullying in primary and middle schools in China to find the enlightenment from the great anti-bullying project KiVa.
School bullying has always been a social issue of great concern to the Finnish government and the Finnish ministry of education. To address this problem, KiVa was developed and implemented in 2006 by the University of Turku in Finland with funding from the ministry of education and the ministry of culture,which has achieved remarkable results and greatly reduced the incidence of school bullying. This paper aims to explore the connotation and path of KiVa project and combine the current situation of school bullying in primary and middle schools in China to find the enlightenment from the great anti-bullying project KiVa.
引文
[1]Salmivalli,C.,K?rn?,A.&Poskiparta,E.Development,evaluation and diffusion of a national anti-bullying program,KiVa.In B.Doll,W.Pfohl,&J.Yoon(Eds.)[J].Handbook of youth prevention science.New York,NY:Routledge:2010a
[2][5]Anne Williford,Effects of the KiVa Antibullying Program on Cyberbullying and Cybervictimization Frequency Among Finnish Youth[J].Journal of Clinical Child&Adolescent Psychology,42(6),820-833,2013
[3]Anna Laura Nocentini.KiVa Anti-Bullying Program in Italy:Evidence of Effectivenessina R and omized Control Trial[J].Prevention Science,November 2016,Volume17,Issue8:1012-1023
[4]冯建仓.芬兰预防犯罪实践简述[J].中国司法,2014,(11):94.
[6]Christina Salmivalli,Elisa Poskiparta.Making bullying prevention a priority in Finnish schools:The KiVa antibullying program[J].New Directions for Youth Development:2012.3
[7]Salmivalli,C.,Lagerspetz,K.,Bj?rkqvist,K.,?sterman,K.,&Kaukiainen,A..Bullying as a group process:Participant roles and their relations to social status within the group.[J].Aggressive Behavior,1996,(22):1-15.
[8]Caravita,S.C.S.,Di Blasio,P.,& Salmivalli, Unique and interactive effects of empathy and social status on involvement in bullying. Social Development, 2009(18):140–163. doi: 10.1111=j.1467- 9507.2008.00465.x.
[9]Antti Ka?rna?,Marinus Voeten,Todd D.LittleElisa Poskiparta,Anne Kaljonen,&Christina Salmivalli,A Large-Scale Evaluation of the KiVa Antibullying Program:Grades 4-6.[J]Child Development,January/February 2011,Volume 82,Number 1,Pages311-330.
[10]马斯洛等人的潜能和价值[M].林方,主编.北京:华夏出版社,1987:82.
[11]Suzy Clarkson.Effectiveness and microcosting of the KiVa school-based bullying prevention programme in Wales:study protocol for a pragmatic definitive parallel group cluster randomized controlled trial [J]. Clarkson et al. BMC Public Health, 2016(16):104.
[12]傅建明.校本课程开发与教师专业发展[J].教育发展研究,2002,(05):18-22.
[13]Annarilla Ahtola,Anne Haataja,Elisa Poskiparta,&Christina Salmivalli,For children only?Effects of the KiVa antibullying program on teachers[J].Teaching and Teacher Education,Volume 28,Issue6,August 2012,Pages 851-859.
[14]申美红.中小学教师公正美德研究[D].首都师范大学,2013.13.
[15]Schwartz D,Dodge K A,Pettit G S&Bates JE.,Friendship as a Moderating Factor in the Pathway Between Early Harsh Home Environment and Later Victimization in the Peer Group[J].Developmental Psychology,2000(36):646-662.
[2][5]Anne Williford,Effects of the KiVa Antibullying Program on Cyberbullying and Cybervictimization Frequency Among Finnish Youth[J].Journal of Clinical Child&Adolescent Psychology,42(6),820-833,2013
[3]Anna Laura Nocentini.KiVa Anti-Bullying Program in Italy:Evidence of Effectivenessina R and omized Control Trial[J].Prevention Science,November 2016,Volume17,Issue8:1012-1023
[4]冯建仓.芬兰预防犯罪实践简述[J].中国司法,2014,(11):94.
[6]Christina Salmivalli,Elisa Poskiparta.Making bullying prevention a priority in Finnish schools:The KiVa antibullying program[J].New Directions for Youth Development:2012.3
[7]Salmivalli,C.,Lagerspetz,K.,Bj?rkqvist,K.,?sterman,K.,&Kaukiainen,A..Bullying as a group process:Participant roles and their relations to social status within the group.[J].Aggressive Behavior,1996,(22):1-15.
[8]Caravita,S.C.S.,Di Blasio,P.,& Salmivalli, Unique and interactive effects of empathy and social status on involvement in bullying. Social Development, 2009(18):140–163. doi: 10.1111=j.1467- 9507.2008.00465.x.
[9]Antti Ka?rna?,Marinus Voeten,Todd D.LittleElisa Poskiparta,Anne Kaljonen,&Christina Salmivalli,A Large-Scale Evaluation of the KiVa Antibullying Program:Grades 4-6.[J]Child Development,January/February 2011,Volume 82,Number 1,Pages311-330.
[10]马斯洛等人的潜能和价值[M].林方,主编.北京:华夏出版社,1987:82.
[11]Suzy Clarkson.Effectiveness and microcosting of the KiVa school-based bullying prevention programme in Wales:study protocol for a pragmatic definitive parallel group cluster randomized controlled trial [J]. Clarkson et al. BMC Public Health, 2016(16):104.
[12]傅建明.校本课程开发与教师专业发展[J].教育发展研究,2002,(05):18-22.
[13]Annarilla Ahtola,Anne Haataja,Elisa Poskiparta,&Christina Salmivalli,For children only?Effects of the KiVa antibullying program on teachers[J].Teaching and Teacher Education,Volume 28,Issue6,August 2012,Pages 851-859.
[14]申美红.中小学教师公正美德研究[D].首都师范大学,2013.13.
[15]Schwartz D,Dodge K A,Pettit G S&Bates JE.,Friendship as a Moderating Factor in the Pathway Between Early Harsh Home Environment and Later Victimization in the Peer Group[J].Developmental Psychology,2000(36):646-662.