城镇化背景下居民收入水平对教育消费结构的影响——以湖南省为例
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摘要
随着经济社会的发展和人类文明的不断进步,教育消费在国民经济增长中发挥着越来越重要的作用。本文以湖南省为具体考察对象,采取中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)2010年、2012年和2014年三期微观面板数据,并运用固定效应(FE)和随机效应(RE)模型对城镇化背景下居民家庭收入水平与教育消费结构间的关系进行了实证分析。研究结果表明:随着居民家庭收入水平的提高,家庭的基础性教育支出占比将会下降,而非基础性教育消费支出的占比将会上升,而这一差异在城乡之间是显著的。这一研究结论对我国进一步规范教育市场、完善教育制度、缩小收入差距进而促进教育公平提供了理论支撑。
With the economic and social development and the continuous progress of human civilization,education consumption plays an increasingly important role in the growth of the national economy. In this paper,we take Hunan Province as the specific object of study, and empirically analyze the relationship between income of residents and education consumption structure under the background of urbanization using the fixed effect model(FE) and random effect model(RE) with CFPS three stages of micro-panel data in 2010, 2012 and 2014. The result shows that with the increasement of household income level, the proportion of family's basic education expenditure will decrease while the proportion of non-basic education consumption expenditure will increase and the difference is significant between urban and rural areas.. The conclusion of this study provides theoretical support for further standardizing the education market, improving the education system, narrowing the income gap and further promoting education equity in our country.
With the economic and social development and the continuous progress of human civilization,education consumption plays an increasingly important role in the growth of the national economy. In this paper,we take Hunan Province as the specific object of study, and empirically analyze the relationship between income of residents and education consumption structure under the background of urbanization using the fixed effect model(FE) and random effect model(RE) with CFPS three stages of micro-panel data in 2010, 2012 and 2014. The result shows that with the increasement of household income level, the proportion of family's basic education expenditure will decrease while the proportion of non-basic education consumption expenditure will increase and the difference is significant between urban and rural areas.. The conclusion of this study provides theoretical support for further standardizing the education market, improving the education system, narrowing the income gap and further promoting education equity in our country.
引文
[1]Schultz,T.W.Capital Formation by Education[J].Journal of Political Economy,1960,68(6):571-583.
[2]Kindleberger.C.P.Book Review:International and Comparative Labor Relations:Technical Change,the Labour Force and Education:AStudy of the British and German Iron and Steel Industries,1860-1964[J].Industrial&Labor Relations Review,1968,21(3):464-465.
[3]Hashimoto,K.,HeathT.A.Income Elastictics of Education Expenditure by Income Class:The Case of Japanese Households[J].Economics of Education Review,1995,14(1):63-71.
[4]邢海晶.二元结构下城乡教育消费差距分析与对策印[J].华南农业大学学报(社会科学版),2011(3):105-110.
[5]刘湖.我国教育消费合理化问题研究[J].消费经济,2011(4):89-91.
[6]刘社建.教育消费的经济学分析[J].经济经纬,2002(06):18-21.
[7]Lloy,C.B.,Blbnc,A.K.Children's Schooling in Sub-Saharan Africa:the Role of Fathers Mothers,and Others[J].Population and Development Review,1996,22(2):265-298.
[8]Horton,S.E.,Hafstrom,J.L.,Income Elasticties for Eelected Consumption Categories:Comparison of Single Female-Headed and two-parent families Family&consumer[J].Sciences Research Journal,2009,13(3):292-303.
[9]Azam.M.,Kingdon.G.Are Girls the Fairer Sex in India?Revisiting Intra-Household Allocation of Education Expenditure[J].World Development,2013,42(1):143-164.
[10]刘焱,宋妍萍.我国城市3-6岁儿童家庭学前教育消费支出水平调查[J].华中师范大学学报(人文社会科学版),2013,52(1):155-160.
[11]Wolf.F.,Zohlnh觟fer.R.In vesting in Human Capital?The Determinants of Private Education Expenditure in 26 OECD Countries[J].Journal of European Social Policy,2014,19(3):230-244.
[12]Al-Yousif.Y.K.Education Expenditure and Economic Growth:Some Empirical Evidence from the GCC Countries[J].Journal of Developing Areas,2008,42(1):69-80.
[13]杭爱明.上海居民教育消费增长因素与效应的实证分析[J].上海师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2003(03):14-19.
[14]杨汝岱,陈斌开.高等教育改革、预防性储蓄与居民消费行为[J].经济研究,2009(8):113-124.
[15]张光宏,李杰.我国城乡家庭教育投资能力比较分析[J].农业技术经济,2011(11):91-101.
[16]者贵昌.中国西部新农村建设中教育消费问题的分析与研究[J].云南师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2009,41(02):133-138.
[17]黄瑛.欠发达地区教育消费对人力资本积累的作用及途径分析[J].学术论坛,2007(6):92-95.
[18]楚红丽.基础教育阶段家庭教育消费支出内容与结构的研究述评[J].教育科学,2007,23(2):1-4.
[19]李江一,李涵.城乡收入差距与居民消费结构:基于相对收入理论的视角[J].数量经济技术经济研究,2016(8):97-112.
(1)数据来源:国家统计局。
[2]Kindleberger.C.P.Book Review:International and Comparative Labor Relations:Technical Change,the Labour Force and Education:AStudy of the British and German Iron and Steel Industries,1860-1964[J].Industrial&Labor Relations Review,1968,21(3):464-465.
[3]Hashimoto,K.,HeathT.A.Income Elastictics of Education Expenditure by Income Class:The Case of Japanese Households[J].Economics of Education Review,1995,14(1):63-71.
[4]邢海晶.二元结构下城乡教育消费差距分析与对策印[J].华南农业大学学报(社会科学版),2011(3):105-110.
[5]刘湖.我国教育消费合理化问题研究[J].消费经济,2011(4):89-91.
[6]刘社建.教育消费的经济学分析[J].经济经纬,2002(06):18-21.
[7]Lloy,C.B.,Blbnc,A.K.Children's Schooling in Sub-Saharan Africa:the Role of Fathers Mothers,and Others[J].Population and Development Review,1996,22(2):265-298.
[8]Horton,S.E.,Hafstrom,J.L.,Income Elasticties for Eelected Consumption Categories:Comparison of Single Female-Headed and two-parent families Family&consumer[J].Sciences Research Journal,2009,13(3):292-303.
[9]Azam.M.,Kingdon.G.Are Girls the Fairer Sex in India?Revisiting Intra-Household Allocation of Education Expenditure[J].World Development,2013,42(1):143-164.
[10]刘焱,宋妍萍.我国城市3-6岁儿童家庭学前教育消费支出水平调查[J].华中师范大学学报(人文社会科学版),2013,52(1):155-160.
[11]Wolf.F.,Zohlnh觟fer.R.In vesting in Human Capital?The Determinants of Private Education Expenditure in 26 OECD Countries[J].Journal of European Social Policy,2014,19(3):230-244.
[12]Al-Yousif.Y.K.Education Expenditure and Economic Growth:Some Empirical Evidence from the GCC Countries[J].Journal of Developing Areas,2008,42(1):69-80.
[13]杭爱明.上海居民教育消费增长因素与效应的实证分析[J].上海师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2003(03):14-19.
[14]杨汝岱,陈斌开.高等教育改革、预防性储蓄与居民消费行为[J].经济研究,2009(8):113-124.
[15]张光宏,李杰.我国城乡家庭教育投资能力比较分析[J].农业技术经济,2011(11):91-101.
[16]者贵昌.中国西部新农村建设中教育消费问题的分析与研究[J].云南师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2009,41(02):133-138.
[17]黄瑛.欠发达地区教育消费对人力资本积累的作用及途径分析[J].学术论坛,2007(6):92-95.
[18]楚红丽.基础教育阶段家庭教育消费支出内容与结构的研究述评[J].教育科学,2007,23(2):1-4.
[19]李江一,李涵.城乡收入差距与居民消费结构:基于相对收入理论的视角[J].数量经济技术经济研究,2016(8):97-112.
(1)数据来源:国家统计局。