滇黔桂盆地泥盆系页岩气成藏条件及资源潜力分析
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摘要
通过野外露头观察、剖面测量和样品测试,分析了滇黔桂盆地泥盆系页岩气成藏条件。研究结果表明:滇黔桂盆地中、下泥盆统发育两套台盆相暗色泥页岩沉积,泥页岩单层厚度为10~55 m,累计厚度普遍在100~450 m之间;泥页岩TOC一般为1.0%~2.5%,有机质类型为Ⅰ型-Ⅱ1型,处于高-过成熟热演化阶段;储层物性接近于四川盆地威201井寒武系九老洞组页岩,发育多种储集空间类型,脆性矿物含量平均值为46%,具备储集条件;黔南坳陷西南部和桂中坳陷中西部地区地层相对平缓,断裂密度和剥蚀厚度小,且断裂性质以逆冲、压扭为主,页岩气保存条件相对较好。综合考虑暗色泥页岩厚度、埋藏深度、有机碳含量、热演化程度和保存条件等因素,预测滇黔桂盆地泥盆系页岩气有利层段为塘丁组和罗富组,有利区主要分布于天峨—南丹—河池一带以及桂中坳陷中部的鹿寨—来宾—合山—大化地区。利用地质资源丰度类比法计算出该区页岩气地质资源量为0.66×1012~1.09×1012m3。
Based on the outcrop observation,profile survey and sample analysis of Devonian dark shale,this paper studied the accumulation condition of Devonian shale gas in Dian-Qian-Gui Basin. The results show that two sets of dark shales of intraplatform depression facies were deposited in Dian-Qian-Gui Basin during the Early to Middle Devonian,and the single layer thickness of Devonian shale is 10- 55 m; the accumulative thickness is generally between 100 m and 450 m. The TOC values are mainly in the range of 1. 0% to 2. 5%,and the organic matter type is Ⅰ- Ⅱ1,and the vitrinite reflectance values indicate high to over mature thermal evolution stages. As an effective reservoir,the porosity and permeability of Devonian shale in Dian-Qian-Gui Basin are similar to those of Jiulaodong Formation in well Wei-201,and various reservoir space types well developed in the shale,and the content of brittle minerals is averagely up to 67%. The gas preservation conditions of southwestern Qiannan Depression and middle-west Guizhong Depression are relatively better because of the relative flat strata,low fault density and erosion thickness,and thrusting and transpressional faults. Overall considering of the dark shale thickness,buried depth,organic matter content,thermal evolution degree and preservation condition,it can be predicted that the favorable intervals of Devonian shale gas are Tangding Formation and LuofuFormation,and the favorable areas mainly distribute in Tian'e-Nandan-Hechi area and Luzhai-Laibin-HeshanDahua area of middle Guizhong Depression. By using the analogy method of geological resource abundance,it can be calculated that the geological resources of Devonian shale gas is 0. 66 × 1012m3 to 1. 09 × 1012m3.
Based on the outcrop observation,profile survey and sample analysis of Devonian dark shale,this paper studied the accumulation condition of Devonian shale gas in Dian-Qian-Gui Basin. The results show that two sets of dark shales of intraplatform depression facies were deposited in Dian-Qian-Gui Basin during the Early to Middle Devonian,and the single layer thickness of Devonian shale is 10- 55 m; the accumulative thickness is generally between 100 m and 450 m. The TOC values are mainly in the range of 1. 0% to 2. 5%,and the organic matter type is Ⅰ- Ⅱ1,and the vitrinite reflectance values indicate high to over mature thermal evolution stages. As an effective reservoir,the porosity and permeability of Devonian shale in Dian-Qian-Gui Basin are similar to those of Jiulaodong Formation in well Wei-201,and various reservoir space types well developed in the shale,and the content of brittle minerals is averagely up to 67%. The gas preservation conditions of southwestern Qiannan Depression and middle-west Guizhong Depression are relatively better because of the relative flat strata,low fault density and erosion thickness,and thrusting and transpressional faults. Overall considering of the dark shale thickness,buried depth,organic matter content,thermal evolution degree and preservation condition,it can be predicted that the favorable intervals of Devonian shale gas are Tangding Formation and LuofuFormation,and the favorable areas mainly distribute in Tian'e-Nandan-Hechi area and Luzhai-Laibin-HeshanDahua area of middle Guizhong Depression. By using the analogy method of geological resource abundance,it can be calculated that the geological resources of Devonian shale gas is 0. 66 × 1012m3 to 1. 09 × 1012m3.
引文
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[22]HICKEY J J,HENK B.Lithofacies summary of the Mississippian Barnett shale,Mitchell 2 T.P.Sims well,Wise County,Texas[J].AAPG Bulletin,2007,91(4):437-443.
[23]付广,陈章明,吕延防,等.泥质岩盖层封盖性能综合评价方法探讨[J].石油实验地质,1998,20(1):80-86.
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[25]楼章华,尚长健,姚根顺,等.桂中坳陷及周缘海相地层油气保存条件[J].石油学报,2011,32(3):432-441.
[26]潘仁芳,唐小玲,孟江辉,等.桂中坳陷上古生界页岩气保存条件[J].石油与天然气地质,2014,35(4):534-541.
[27]BOWKER K A.Recent development of the Barnett Shale play,Fort Worth Basin[J].West Texas Geological Society Bulletin,2003,42(6):1-11.
[28]BOWKER K A.Barnett shale gas production,Fort Worth Basin:Issues and discussion[J].AAPG Bulletin,2007,91(4):523-533.
[29]POLLASTRO R M.Total petroleum system assessment of undiscovered resources in the giant Barnett shale continuous(unconventional)gas accumulation,Fort Worth basin,Texas[J].AAPG Bulletin,2007,91(4):551-578.
[30]BURNAMAN M D,XIA Wenwu,SHELTON J.Shale gas play screening and evaluation criteria[J].中国石油勘探,2009,14(3):51-64.
[31]李延钧,刘欢,张烈辉,等.四川盆地南部下古生界龙马溪组页岩气评价指标下限[J].中国科学(D辑),2013,43(7):1088-1095.
[32]秦建中,郑伦举,腾格尔.海相高演化烃源岩总有机碳恢复系数研究[J].地球科学,2007,32(6):853-860.
[33]LEYTHAEUSER D,MACKENZIE A,SCHAEFER R C,et al.A novel approach for recognition and quantification of hydrocarbon migration effects in shale-sandstone sequences[J].AAPG Bulletin,1984,68(2):196-219.
[34]蒲泊伶.四川盆地页岩气成藏条件分析[D].青岛:中国石油大学,2008:56-69.
[2]JARVIE D M,HILL R J,RUBLE T E.Unconventional shale-gas systems:The Mississippian Barnett shale of north-central Texas as one model for thermogenic shale-gas assessment[J].AAPG Bulletin,2007,91(1):475-499.
[3]张金川,金之钧,袁明生.页岩气成藏机理和分布[J].天然气工业,2004,24(7):15-18.
[4]潘仁芳,黄晓松.页岩气及国内勘探前景展望[J].中国石油勘探,2009,14(3):1-5.
[5]潘仁芳,伍媛,宋争.页岩气勘探的地球化学指标及测井分析方法初探[J].中国石油勘探,2009,14(3):6-10.
[6]潘仁芳,陈亮,刘朋丞.页岩气资源量分类评价方法探讨[J].石油天然气学报,2011,33(5):172-174.
[7]王祥,刘玉华,张敏,等.页岩气形成条件及成藏影响因素研究[J].天然气地球科学,2010,21(2):350-356.
[8]王阳,朱炎铭,陈尚斌,等.湘西北下寒武统牛蹄塘组页岩气形成条件分析[J].中国矿业大学学报,2013,42(4):586-594.
[9]何发岐,朱彤.陆相页岩气突破和建产的有利目标——以四川盆地下侏罗统为例[J].石油实验地质,2012,34(3):246-251.
[10]聂海宽,张金川.页岩气储层类型和特征研究——以四川盆地及其周缘下古生界为例[J].石油实验地质,2011,33(3):219-225.
[11]王鹏万,陈子炓,贺训云,等.桂中坳陷泥盆系页岩气成藏条件与有利区带评价[J].石油与天然气地质,2012,33(6):353-363.
[12]周雁,朱东亚,孟庆强,等.桂中盆地页岩气地质条件及潜力分析[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2014,41(5):529-537.
[13]陈子炓,姚根顺,楼章华,等.桂中坳陷及周缘油气保存条件分析[J].中国矿业大学学报,2011,40(1):80-88.
[14]刘东成.桂中坳陷构造演化及油气保存条件分析[D].青岛:中国石油大学,2009:6-73.
[15]白忠峰.桂中坳陷构造特征及其与油气关系[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2006:9-14.
[16]汪凯明.桂中坳陷泥盆系页岩气成藏条件浅析[J].中国地质,2013,40(2):430-438.
[17]聂海宽,唐玄,边瑞康.页岩气成藏控制因素及中国南方页岩气发育有利区预测[J].石油学报,2009,30(4):484-491.
[18]贺训云,姚根顺,贺晓苏,等.桂中坳陷桂中1井沥青成因及油气成藏模式[J].石油学报,2010,31(3):420-425.
[19]韦宝东.桂中坳陷泥盆系烃源岩特征[J].南方油气,2004,17(2):19-21.
[20]MARTINEAU D F.History of the Newark East field and the Barnett shale as a gas reservoir[J].AAPG Bulletin,2007,91(4):399-403.
[21]邹才能,董大忠,王社教,等.中国页岩气形成机理、地质特征及资源潜力[J].石油勘探与开发,2010,37(6):641-653.
[22]HICKEY J J,HENK B.Lithofacies summary of the Mississippian Barnett shale,Mitchell 2 T.P.Sims well,Wise County,Texas[J].AAPG Bulletin,2007,91(4):437-443.
[23]付广,陈章明,吕延防,等.泥质岩盖层封盖性能综合评价方法探讨[J].石油实验地质,1998,20(1):80-86.
[24]应凤祥,何东博,龙玉梅,等.中华人民共和国石油天然气行业标准SY/T5477-2003碎屑岩成岩阶段划分[S].北京:石油工业出版社,2003.
[25]楼章华,尚长健,姚根顺,等.桂中坳陷及周缘海相地层油气保存条件[J].石油学报,2011,32(3):432-441.
[26]潘仁芳,唐小玲,孟江辉,等.桂中坳陷上古生界页岩气保存条件[J].石油与天然气地质,2014,35(4):534-541.
[27]BOWKER K A.Recent development of the Barnett Shale play,Fort Worth Basin[J].West Texas Geological Society Bulletin,2003,42(6):1-11.
[28]BOWKER K A.Barnett shale gas production,Fort Worth Basin:Issues and discussion[J].AAPG Bulletin,2007,91(4):523-533.
[29]POLLASTRO R M.Total petroleum system assessment of undiscovered resources in the giant Barnett shale continuous(unconventional)gas accumulation,Fort Worth basin,Texas[J].AAPG Bulletin,2007,91(4):551-578.
[30]BURNAMAN M D,XIA Wenwu,SHELTON J.Shale gas play screening and evaluation criteria[J].中国石油勘探,2009,14(3):51-64.
[31]李延钧,刘欢,张烈辉,等.四川盆地南部下古生界龙马溪组页岩气评价指标下限[J].中国科学(D辑),2013,43(7):1088-1095.
[32]秦建中,郑伦举,腾格尔.海相高演化烃源岩总有机碳恢复系数研究[J].地球科学,2007,32(6):853-860.
[33]LEYTHAEUSER D,MACKENZIE A,SCHAEFER R C,et al.A novel approach for recognition and quantification of hydrocarbon migration effects in shale-sandstone sequences[J].AAPG Bulletin,1984,68(2):196-219.
[34]蒲泊伶.四川盆地页岩气成藏条件分析[D].青岛:中国石油大学,2008:56-69.