涩北二号气田低阻气层成因机理
|
摘要
涩北二号气田第四系七个泉组经证实存在一定数量的低阻气层,复杂的地质条件导致低阻气层的识别难度加大,由于对其成因机制认识不清,导致部分低阻气层被忽略。因此,综合岩心、薄片、物性、扫描电镜、X衍射及测井等资料,在准确识别低阻气层测井响应特征的基础上,深入剖析研究区低阻气层的形成原因。分析结果表明,高地层水矿化度以及由储层岩石粒度细、孔隙结构复杂、构造幅度低所导致的高束缚水含量是研究区低阻气层形成的主要原因,而黏土矿物的附加导电性、导电矿物富集、砂泥岩薄互层和外部钻井液侵入等因素则进一步使气层电阻率降低。
Within the gas reservoirs in the Quaternary Sebei Fm in Sebei Ⅱ Gas Field,it has been confirmed that there are a certain number of low-resistivity gas reservoirs. The complex geological condition however makes it difficult to differentiate from the other gas reservoirs. Not only that,but due to the genesis of low-resistivity which is unclear,this results in some low-resistivity gas reservoirs being ignored. Thus,in combination with the logging responses of low-resistivity gas reservoirs,this article systematically analyzes the genetic mechanisms of the low-resistivity gas reservoirs from cores samples and thin sections observations,petrophysical data,SEM,and X-ray diffraction. The results revealed that the major genesis of the low-resistivity reservoirs in the study area is due to the high salinity of the formation water,high irreducible water saturation formed within the fine grain size,complex pore structure and a low-amplitude structural setting. More to this,the additional conductivity of clay mineral,the enrichment of conductive mineral,the sand shale thin bedded reservoir and the invasion of the drilling fluid further lowered the resistivity of gas reservoirs.
Within the gas reservoirs in the Quaternary Sebei Fm in Sebei Ⅱ Gas Field,it has been confirmed that there are a certain number of low-resistivity gas reservoirs. The complex geological condition however makes it difficult to differentiate from the other gas reservoirs. Not only that,but due to the genesis of low-resistivity which is unclear,this results in some low-resistivity gas reservoirs being ignored. Thus,in combination with the logging responses of low-resistivity gas reservoirs,this article systematically analyzes the genetic mechanisms of the low-resistivity gas reservoirs from cores samples and thin sections observations,petrophysical data,SEM,and X-ray diffraction. The results revealed that the major genesis of the low-resistivity reservoirs in the study area is due to the high salinity of the formation water,high irreducible water saturation formed within the fine grain size,complex pore structure and a low-amplitude structural setting. More to this,the additional conductivity of clay mineral,the enrichment of conductive mineral,the sand shale thin bedded reservoir and the invasion of the drilling fluid further lowered the resistivity of gas reservoirs.
引文
[1]刘红岐,彭仕宓,唐洪.苏里格气田低阻气层分布特征及识别方法研究[J].天然气工业,2004,24(10):41-43.Liu Hongqi,Peng Shimi,Tang Hong.Research on the distribution characteristics and identifying method of low-resistivity gas reservoirs in Sulige Gas Field[J].Natural Gas Industry,2004,24(10):41-43.
[2]田昌炳,罗凯,朱怡翔.低效气藏资源特征及高效开发战略思考[J].天然气工业,2004,24(1):4-6.Tian Changbing,Luo Kai,Zhu Yixiang.Resources characteristics of beneficial gas reservoirs and strategic thoughts of high profitable development[J].Natural Gas Industry,2004,24(1):4-6.
[3]孙建孟,陈钢花,杨玉征,等.低阻油气层评价方法[J].石油学报,1998,19(3):83-88.Sun Jianmeng,Chen Ganghua,Yang Yuzheng,et al.Evaluation methods for low resistivity oil and gas reservoir[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1998,19(3):83-88.
[4]赵佐安,何绪全,唐雪萍.低电阻率油气层测井识别技术[J].天然气工业,2002,22(4):34-37.Zhao Zuo'an,He Xuquan,Tang Xueping.Logging technology of identifying Low-resistivity hydrocarbon reservoirs[J].Natural Gas Industry,2002,22(4):34-37.
[5]郭振华,赵彦超.大牛地气田致密砂岩气藏低阻成因分析[J].石油天然气学报,2007,29(3):246-249.Guo Zhenhua,Zhao Yanchao.Genetic analysis on Low-resistivity gas zones of tight sandstone reservoirs in Daniudi Gas Field[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2007,29(3):246-249.
[6]阎媛子,张小莉,费世祥,等.鄂尔多斯盆地苏东南地区盒8段低阻气层识别[J].地球物理学进展,2014,29(3):1326-1331.Yan Yuanzi,Zhang Xiaoli,Fei Shixiang,et al.Identification of low resistance gas reservoir of section He8 in the southeast of Silige,Ordos basin[J].Progress in Geophysics,2014,29(3):1326-1331.
[7]李永杰,李建伟.大牛地气田低阻气层识别方法[J].天然气勘探与开发,2009,32(3):12-15.Li Yongjie,Li Jianwei.Identify low-resistivity gas reservoirs in Daniudi Gas Field[J].Natural Gas Exploration and Development,2009,32(3):12-15.
[8]秦华,王威.川东北元坝须家河组第二段下亚段气层低阻成因[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2014,41(5):577-580.Qin Hua,Wang Wei.Genesis of low resistance of lithic sandstone reservoir in Member 2 of Xujiahe Formation in Yuanba area,Northeast Sichuan,China[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science&Technology Edition),2014,41(5):577-580.
[9]王友净,宋新民,何鲁平,等.高尚堡深层低阻有层的地质成因[J].石油学报,2010,31(3):426-430.Wang Youjing,Song Xinmin,He Luping,et al.Geologic origin of low-resistivity layers in deep reservoir of Gaoshangbao Oilfield[J].Acta Petrolei Sinca,2010,31(3):426-430.
[10]余琪祥,陆清华,朱永辉.天山南区块白垩系—第三系低阻气层特征及成因分析[J].天然气地球科学,2011,22(1):108-113.Yu Qixiang,Lu Qinghua,Zhu Yonghui.Characteristics and genesis of low resistivity gas reservoir of Cretaceous-Tertiary in Southern Tianshan Area[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2011,22(1):108-113.
[11]吴巧英,谢润成,孙藏军.苏西盒8段低阻气层识别方法[J].油气地球物理,2012,10(4):22-25.Wu Qiaoying,Xie Runcheng,Sun Zangjun.The study of the low resistivity gas bearing reservoir identification method applied in the8th member of Shihezi Formation in the west of Sulige[J].Petroleum Geophysics,2012,10(4):22-25.
[12]蒋裕强,张春,谭勇,等.川东南地区须家河组低阻气层成因机制[J].石油与天然气地质,2011,32(1):124-131.Jiang Yuqiang,Zhang Chun,Tan Yong,et al.Genetic pattern of low-resistivity gas reservoirs in the Xujiahe Formation southeastern Sichuan Province[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2011,32(1):124-131.
[13]徐静,杨俊龙,饶辰威,等.苏里格气田西区上古生界低阻气层成因分析[J].科学技术与工程,2012,12(30):7832-7835.Xu Jing,Yang Junlong,Rao Chenwei,et al.Analysis on the causing mechanism of low resistivity gas zone of Neopaleozoic in the west of Sulige Gasfield[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2012,12(30):7832-7835.
[14]欧阳健,修立军,石玉江,等.测井低对比度油层饱和度评价与分布研究[J].中国石油勘探,2009,14(1):38-52.Ou Yangjian,Xiu Lijiun,Shi Yujiang,et al.Saturation evaluation and distribution of low-contrast oil reservoirs[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2009,14(1):38-52.
[15]丁悦宽,景成杰,杨振庭,等.松辽盆地南部低阻油气层成因机理及控制因素[J].中国石油勘探,2009,7(4):29-33.Ding Yuekuan,Jing Chengjie,Yang Zhenting,et al.Mechanism and controlling factors of the formation of low resistivity reservoirs in southern Songliao Basin[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2009,7(4):29-33.
[16]司马立强,吴丰,赖未蓉,等.广安地区须家河组低阻气层形成机理[J].天然气工业,2007,27(6):12-14.Sima Liqiang,Wu Feng,Lai Weirong,et al.Formation mechanism of low—resistivity gas reservoirs in Xujiahe Formation of Guangan Area[J].Natural Gas Industry,2007,27(6):12-14.
[17]吕新华.胡状集油田低电阻率油层形成的影响因素及其识别[J].油气地质与采收率,2002,9(6):26-28.LüXinhua.Influencing factors and identification methods of lowresistivity reservoir forming in Huzhuangji Oilfield[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2002,9(6):26-28.
[18]罗水亮,许辉群,刘洪,等.柴达木盆地台南地区低阻气藏成因机理及测井评价[J].天然气工业,2014,34(7),41-45.Luo Shuiliang,Xu Huiqun,Liu Hong,et al.Genetic mechanism and logging evaluation of low-resistivity gas reservoirs in the Tainan Gas Field,eastern Qaidam Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2014,34(7),41-45.
[19]程相志,范宜仁,周灿灿.淡水储层中低阻油气层识别技术[J].地学前缘,2008,15(1):146-152.Cheng Xiangzhi,Fan Yiren,Zhou Cancan.Identification technology of low resistivity pays in fresh water reservoirs[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2008,15(1):146-152.
[20]雍世和,张超谟.测井解释数据处理与综合解释[M].东营:中国石油大学出版社,1996.
[2]田昌炳,罗凯,朱怡翔.低效气藏资源特征及高效开发战略思考[J].天然气工业,2004,24(1):4-6.Tian Changbing,Luo Kai,Zhu Yixiang.Resources characteristics of beneficial gas reservoirs and strategic thoughts of high profitable development[J].Natural Gas Industry,2004,24(1):4-6.
[3]孙建孟,陈钢花,杨玉征,等.低阻油气层评价方法[J].石油学报,1998,19(3):83-88.Sun Jianmeng,Chen Ganghua,Yang Yuzheng,et al.Evaluation methods for low resistivity oil and gas reservoir[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1998,19(3):83-88.
[4]赵佐安,何绪全,唐雪萍.低电阻率油气层测井识别技术[J].天然气工业,2002,22(4):34-37.Zhao Zuo'an,He Xuquan,Tang Xueping.Logging technology of identifying Low-resistivity hydrocarbon reservoirs[J].Natural Gas Industry,2002,22(4):34-37.
[5]郭振华,赵彦超.大牛地气田致密砂岩气藏低阻成因分析[J].石油天然气学报,2007,29(3):246-249.Guo Zhenhua,Zhao Yanchao.Genetic analysis on Low-resistivity gas zones of tight sandstone reservoirs in Daniudi Gas Field[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2007,29(3):246-249.
[6]阎媛子,张小莉,费世祥,等.鄂尔多斯盆地苏东南地区盒8段低阻气层识别[J].地球物理学进展,2014,29(3):1326-1331.Yan Yuanzi,Zhang Xiaoli,Fei Shixiang,et al.Identification of low resistance gas reservoir of section He8 in the southeast of Silige,Ordos basin[J].Progress in Geophysics,2014,29(3):1326-1331.
[7]李永杰,李建伟.大牛地气田低阻气层识别方法[J].天然气勘探与开发,2009,32(3):12-15.Li Yongjie,Li Jianwei.Identify low-resistivity gas reservoirs in Daniudi Gas Field[J].Natural Gas Exploration and Development,2009,32(3):12-15.
[8]秦华,王威.川东北元坝须家河组第二段下亚段气层低阻成因[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2014,41(5):577-580.Qin Hua,Wang Wei.Genesis of low resistance of lithic sandstone reservoir in Member 2 of Xujiahe Formation in Yuanba area,Northeast Sichuan,China[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science&Technology Edition),2014,41(5):577-580.
[9]王友净,宋新民,何鲁平,等.高尚堡深层低阻有层的地质成因[J].石油学报,2010,31(3):426-430.Wang Youjing,Song Xinmin,He Luping,et al.Geologic origin of low-resistivity layers in deep reservoir of Gaoshangbao Oilfield[J].Acta Petrolei Sinca,2010,31(3):426-430.
[10]余琪祥,陆清华,朱永辉.天山南区块白垩系—第三系低阻气层特征及成因分析[J].天然气地球科学,2011,22(1):108-113.Yu Qixiang,Lu Qinghua,Zhu Yonghui.Characteristics and genesis of low resistivity gas reservoir of Cretaceous-Tertiary in Southern Tianshan Area[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2011,22(1):108-113.
[11]吴巧英,谢润成,孙藏军.苏西盒8段低阻气层识别方法[J].油气地球物理,2012,10(4):22-25.Wu Qiaoying,Xie Runcheng,Sun Zangjun.The study of the low resistivity gas bearing reservoir identification method applied in the8th member of Shihezi Formation in the west of Sulige[J].Petroleum Geophysics,2012,10(4):22-25.
[12]蒋裕强,张春,谭勇,等.川东南地区须家河组低阻气层成因机制[J].石油与天然气地质,2011,32(1):124-131.Jiang Yuqiang,Zhang Chun,Tan Yong,et al.Genetic pattern of low-resistivity gas reservoirs in the Xujiahe Formation southeastern Sichuan Province[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2011,32(1):124-131.
[13]徐静,杨俊龙,饶辰威,等.苏里格气田西区上古生界低阻气层成因分析[J].科学技术与工程,2012,12(30):7832-7835.Xu Jing,Yang Junlong,Rao Chenwei,et al.Analysis on the causing mechanism of low resistivity gas zone of Neopaleozoic in the west of Sulige Gasfield[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2012,12(30):7832-7835.
[14]欧阳健,修立军,石玉江,等.测井低对比度油层饱和度评价与分布研究[J].中国石油勘探,2009,14(1):38-52.Ou Yangjian,Xiu Lijiun,Shi Yujiang,et al.Saturation evaluation and distribution of low-contrast oil reservoirs[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2009,14(1):38-52.
[15]丁悦宽,景成杰,杨振庭,等.松辽盆地南部低阻油气层成因机理及控制因素[J].中国石油勘探,2009,7(4):29-33.Ding Yuekuan,Jing Chengjie,Yang Zhenting,et al.Mechanism and controlling factors of the formation of low resistivity reservoirs in southern Songliao Basin[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2009,7(4):29-33.
[16]司马立强,吴丰,赖未蓉,等.广安地区须家河组低阻气层形成机理[J].天然气工业,2007,27(6):12-14.Sima Liqiang,Wu Feng,Lai Weirong,et al.Formation mechanism of low—resistivity gas reservoirs in Xujiahe Formation of Guangan Area[J].Natural Gas Industry,2007,27(6):12-14.
[17]吕新华.胡状集油田低电阻率油层形成的影响因素及其识别[J].油气地质与采收率,2002,9(6):26-28.LüXinhua.Influencing factors and identification methods of lowresistivity reservoir forming in Huzhuangji Oilfield[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2002,9(6):26-28.
[18]罗水亮,许辉群,刘洪,等.柴达木盆地台南地区低阻气藏成因机理及测井评价[J].天然气工业,2014,34(7),41-45.Luo Shuiliang,Xu Huiqun,Liu Hong,et al.Genetic mechanism and logging evaluation of low-resistivity gas reservoirs in the Tainan Gas Field,eastern Qaidam Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2014,34(7),41-45.
[19]程相志,范宜仁,周灿灿.淡水储层中低阻油气层识别技术[J].地学前缘,2008,15(1):146-152.Cheng Xiangzhi,Fan Yiren,Zhou Cancan.Identification technology of low resistivity pays in fresh water reservoirs[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2008,15(1):146-152.
[20]雍世和,张超谟.测井解释数据处理与综合解释[M].东营:中国石油大学出版社,1996.