基于烷烃指纹的混合油数字化鉴别研究
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摘要
为准确追查责任方,溢油鉴定应该考虑混入的分散剂和其它油对原未知溢油的影响。该文以此为切入点,基于烷烃指纹研究4种原油和1种分散剂形成的几种混合油的数字化鉴别。鉴别前,先采用相对标准偏差法筛选出9个稳定的烷烃诊断比,再进行主成分分析、聚类分析和多维标度分析。结果表明:分散剂对溢油溯源的影响与油种有很大关系;混合油要么与组成其的单一油的相关性差,可能很快找到油源;要么相关性较好,容易受其他未知溢油影响,造成误判。上述分析方法在本研究中都可得到客观、准确的鉴别结果,在实际鉴别中可联合使用、相互佐证。
Dispersants and other oils mixed with original unknown oil spill should be taken into consideration for accurately tracing responsibility in oil spill identification. As a breakthrough point, digitization identification of mixed oil composed of 4kinds of crude oil and 1 kind of dispersant is studied based on alkane fingerprints in this paper. Relative standard deviation method is used to select 9 stable diagnostic ratios before identification, and then the principal component analysis, clustering analysis and multidimensional scaling analysis are used to identify oil samples. The results indicate that the influence of dispersant on oil spill source has close relation with oil type. If the correlation between mixed oil and single oil is poor, oil source may soon be found, if good, oil source may be easily influenced by other unknown oil spill, leading to misjudgment.Identification results of all analysis methods obtained in this article are objective and accurate, these methods can be used in combination in the practical identification and supporting each other.
Dispersants and other oils mixed with original unknown oil spill should be taken into consideration for accurately tracing responsibility in oil spill identification. As a breakthrough point, digitization identification of mixed oil composed of 4kinds of crude oil and 1 kind of dispersant is studied based on alkane fingerprints in this paper. Relative standard deviation method is used to select 9 stable diagnostic ratios before identification, and then the principal component analysis, clustering analysis and multidimensional scaling analysis are used to identify oil samples. The results indicate that the influence of dispersant on oil spill source has close relation with oil type. If the correlation between mixed oil and single oil is poor, oil source may soon be found, if good, oil source may be easily influenced by other unknown oil spill, leading to misjudgment.Identification results of all analysis methods obtained in this article are objective and accurate, these methods can be used in combination in the practical identification and supporting each other.
引文
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[12]朱红兵.应用统计与SPSS应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2011:665-673.Zhu Hongbing.Application Statistic and the Application of SPSS[M].Beijing:Publishing House of Electronics Industry,2011:665-673.(in Chinese)
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[14]管宇.实用多元统计分析[M].杭州:浙江大学出版社,2011:232-245.Guan Yu.Practical Multivariate Statistical Analysis[M].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University Press,2011:232-245.(in Chinese)
[15]李芸,李思源,杨万颖,等.短期风化对溢油组成的影响[J].海洋环境科学,2010,29(4):516-520.Li Yun,Li Siyuan,Yang Wanying,et al.Effect of short-time weathering on spilled oil composition[J].Marine Environmental Science,2010,29(4):516-520.(in Chinese)
[2]Mc Kenna A M,Nelson R K,Reddy C M,et al.Expansion of the analytical window for oil spill characterization by ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry:beyond gas chromatography[J].Environmental Science and Technology,2013,47(13):7530-7539.
[3]文强.原油混合油指纹鉴别分析[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2007:29-46.Wen Qiang.Oil Fingerprinting Identification of Single Different Oil and Their Commingled Oils[D].Qingdao:Ocean University of China,2007:29-46.(in Chinese)
[4]廉晗熠.混合原油荧光特性的研究[D].大连:大连海事大学,2015:12-56.Lian Hanyi.Study on the Fluorescence Characteristic of Blend Crude Oil[D].Dalian:Dalian Maritime University,2015:12-56.(in Chinese)
[5]唐小华.混合原油中金属镍钒的特性研究[D].大连:大连海事大学,2015:15-55.Tang Xiaohua.The Study on the Characteristics of Nickel and Vanadium in Blend Crude Oil[D].Dalian:Dalian Maritime University,2015:15-55.(in Chinese)
[6]荣懿.燃料油和原油混合油镍钒特性的研究[D].大连:大连海事大学,2015:13-55.Rong Yi.Study on the Characteristics of Nickel and Vanadium in Mixture of Maritime Fuel and Crude Oil[D].Dalian:Dalian Maritime University,2015:13-55.(in Chinese)
[7]贺世杰,王传远,韩彬,等.短期风化对混合溢油组成的影响[J].海洋科学,2014,38(12):69-77.He Shijie,Wang Chuanyuan,Han Bin,et al.Effect of shortterm weathering on mixtures with two different mixing oils[J].Marine Science,2014,38(12):69-77.(in Chinese)
[8]贺世杰,王传远,韩彬,等.混合原油的甾萜类和多环芳烃标志物短期风化规律研究[J].海洋学报,2015,37(2):1-10.He Shijie,Wang Chuanyuan,Han Bin,et al.Effect of shortterm weathering on biomarker ratios of terpanes,steranes and PAHs in two different mixing oils[J].Journal of Ocean,2015,37(2):1-10.(in Chinese)
[9]Wang Z,Yang C,Yang Z,et al.Forensic fingerprinting and source identification of the 2009 Sarnia(Ontario)oil spill[J].Journal of Environmental Monitoring,2011,13(11):3004-3017.
[10]Li Y,Xiong Y.Identification and quantification of mixed sources of oil spills based on distributions and isotope profiles of long-chain n-alkanes[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,2009,58(12):1868-1873.
[11]He S J,Wang C Y,Luo Y M.GC-MS analysis of two types of mixed oils,a comparison of composition and weathering patterns[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,2015,96(1/2):271-278.
[12]朱红兵.应用统计与SPSS应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2011:665-673.Zhu Hongbing.Application Statistic and the Application of SPSS[M].Beijing:Publishing House of Electronics Industry,2011:665-673.(in Chinese)
[13]夏怡凡.SPSS统计分析精要与实例详解[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2010:230-246.Xia Yifan.SPSS Statistical Analysis Essence and the Example Explanation[M].Beijing:Publishing House of Electronics Industry,2010:230-246.(in Chinese)
[14]管宇.实用多元统计分析[M].杭州:浙江大学出版社,2011:232-245.Guan Yu.Practical Multivariate Statistical Analysis[M].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University Press,2011:232-245.(in Chinese)
[15]李芸,李思源,杨万颖,等.短期风化对溢油组成的影响[J].海洋环境科学,2010,29(4):516-520.Li Yun,Li Siyuan,Yang Wanying,et al.Effect of short-time weathering on spilled oil composition[J].Marine Environmental Science,2010,29(4):516-520.(in Chinese)