喀斯特系统土壤厚度下土壤DOC淋失对氮沉降的响应
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摘要
为研究喀斯特系统土壤DOC淋失在不同土壤厚度下对氮沉降的响应过程。以喀斯特石灰土为供试体,采用土柱淋溶法,试验设计3种不同土壤厚度(10、25、50 cm)的淋溶管,淋溶管为PVC材质,直径20 cm,选择3种不同氮沉降LN(191. 08 g/m~2)、MN(254. 78 g/m~2)、HN(318. 47 g/m~2),土表施予多年生黑麦草为研究对象。结果表明:氮沉降对土壤DOC淋失有一定的促进作用;土壤厚度对土壤DOC淋失有显著影响,土壤厚度越浅,氮沉降越大,DOC淋失越大,反之则越小。该研究可为解决喀斯特系统土壤碳循环问题与土壤质量评价提供一定参考和依据。
In order to study how the response of soil DOC leaching to nitrogen deposition under different soil thickness in karst system,using karst lime soil as the test sample,three different soil thickness( 10 cm,25 cm,50 cm) leaching tubes were designed by soil column leaching method. The leaching tube was made of PVC material with a diameter of 20 cm. Three different nitrogen depositions,LN( 191. 08 g/m~2),MN( 254. 78 g/m~2),and HN( 318. 47 g/m~2) were selected,and perennial ryegrass was applied to the soil surface. The results showed that nitrogen deposition had a certain effect on soil DOC leaching. Soil thickness had a significant effect on soil DOC leaching. The shallower the soil thickness,the larger the nitrogen deposition,the larger the DOC leaching loss,and vice versa. This study can provide some reference and basis for solving the soil carbon cycle problem and soil quality evaluation of karst system.
In order to study how the response of soil DOC leaching to nitrogen deposition under different soil thickness in karst system,using karst lime soil as the test sample,three different soil thickness( 10 cm,25 cm,50 cm) leaching tubes were designed by soil column leaching method. The leaching tube was made of PVC material with a diameter of 20 cm. Three different nitrogen depositions,LN( 191. 08 g/m~2),MN( 254. 78 g/m~2),and HN( 318. 47 g/m~2) were selected,and perennial ryegrass was applied to the soil surface. The results showed that nitrogen deposition had a certain effect on soil DOC leaching. Soil thickness had a significant effect on soil DOC leaching. The shallower the soil thickness,the larger the nitrogen deposition,the larger the DOC leaching loss,and vice versa. This study can provide some reference and basis for solving the soil carbon cycle problem and soil quality evaluation of karst system.
引文
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[22]李剑,孙友宝,马晓玲,陈建立,黄涛宏.离子色谱(IC)前处理法测定土壤中的总有机碳含量[J].环境化学,2014,33(8):1425-1426.LI J,SUN Y B,MA X L,et al. Determination of total organic carbon in soil by ion chromatography(IC)pretreatment[J]. Environmental Chemistry,2014,33(8):1425-1426.
[23] KALBITZ K,SOLINGER S,PARK J,et al. Controls on the dynamics of dissolved organic matter in soils:A review[J]. Soil Science,2000,165(4):277-304.
[24] SMOLANDER A,KITUNEN V. Soil microbial activities and characteristics of dissolved organic C and N in relation to tree species[J]. Soil Biology&Biochemistry,2002,34(5):651-660.
[25] FINDLAY S E G. Increased carbon transport in the Hudson River:Unexpected consequence of nitrogen deposition[J]. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment,2005,3(3):133-137.
[26] GUGGENBERGER G,ZECH W. Dissloved organic carbon controls in acid forest soils of the Fichtelgebirge(Germany)as revealed by distribution patterns and structural composition analyses[J]. Geoderma,1993,59(1-4):109-129.
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[28]张伟,王克林,陈洪松,等.典型喀斯特峰丛洼地土壤有机碳含量空间预测研究[J].土壤学报,2012,49(3):601-606.ZHANG W,WANG K L,CHEN H S,et al. Spatial prediction of soil organic carbon content in typical karst peak clusters[J]. Chinese Journal of Soil Science,2012,49(3):601-606.
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[2]樊后保.酸雨与森林衰退关系研究综述[J].森林与环境学报,2003,23(1):88-92.FAN H B. Review of the relationship between acid rain and forest decline[J]. Journal of Forest and Environment,2003,23(1):88-92.
[3]方华,莫江明.氮沉降对森林凋落物分解的影响[J].生态学报,2006,26(9):3127-3136.FANG H,MO J M. Effects of nitrogen deposition on the decomposition of forest litter[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology,2006,26(9):3127-3136.
[4] HOUGHTON R A. Terrestrial carbon sinks-uncertain explanations[J]. Biologist,2002,49(4):155-160.
[5]刘德燕,宋长春.外源氮输入对土壤有机碳矿化和凋落物分解的影响[J].土壤通报,2008,39(3):675-680.LIU D Y,SONG C C. Effects of exogenous nitrogen input on soil organic carbon mineralization and litter decomposition[J]. Chinese Journal of Soil Science,2008,39(3):675-680.
[6]邓小文,韩士杰.氮沉降对森林生态系统土壤碳库的影响[J].生態學雜誌,2007,26(10):1622-1627.DENG X W,HAN S J. Effects of nitrogen deposition on soil carbon pools in forest ecosystems[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology,2007,26(10):1622-1627.
[7]乔枫,史伟,薛元杰.模拟氮沉降对云杉人工林土壤有机碳组分及理化性质的影响[J].生态环境学报,2018,27(5):852-858.QIAO F,SHI W,XUE Y J. Effects of simulated nitrogen deposition on soil organic carbon composition and physicochemical properties of spruce plantations[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology,2018,27(5):852-858.
[8]李超,刘苑秋,王翰琨,等.庐山毛竹扩张及模拟氮沉降对土壤N2O和CO2排放的影响[J].土壤学报,2019,56(1):146-155.LI C,LIU Y Q,WANG H K,et al. Effects of moso bamboo(Phyllostachys edulis)expansion and simulated nitrogen deposition on emission of soil N2O and CO2 in Lushan mountain[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica,2019,56(1):146-155.
[9]张晓琳,翟鹏辉,黄建辉.降水和氮沉降对草地生态系统碳循环影响研究进展[J].草地学报,2018,26(2):284-288.ZHANG X L,ZHAI P H,HUANG J H. Advances in influences of rrecipitation and nitrogen deposition change on the carbon cycle of grassland ecosystem[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica,2018,26(2):284-288.
[10]彭琴,董云社,齐玉春.氮输入对陆地生态系统碳循环关键过程的影响[J].地球科学进展,2008,23(8):874-883.PENG Q,DONG Y S,QI Y H. Effects of nitrogen input on key processes of carbon cycle in terrestrial ecosystems[J]. Advances in Earth Science,2008,23(8):874-883.
[11] DEFOREST J,ZAK D R,PREGITZER K S,et al. Atmospheric nitrate deposition and the microbial degradation of cellobise and vanillin in a northern hardwood forest[J]. Soil Biology&Biochemistry,2004,36(6):965-971.
[12] PREGITZER K S,ZAK D R,BURTON A J,et al. Chronic nitrate additions dramatically increase the export of carbon and nitrogenfrom northern hardwood ecosystems[J]. Biogeochemistry,2004,68(2):179-197.
[13]许凯.氮添加对杨树人工林土壤活性有机碳的影响[D].南京:南京林业大学,2014.XU K. Effects of nitrogen addition on soil active organic carbon in poplar plantations[D]. Nanjing:Nanjing Forestry University,2014.
[14]魏春兰,马红亮,高人,等.模拟氮沉降对森林土壤可溶性有机碳的影响[J].亚热带资源与环境学报,2013,8(4):16-24.WEI C L,MA H L,GAO R,et al. Effects of simulated nitrogen deposition on soluble organic carbon in forest soils[J]. Subtropical Resources and Environment,2013,8(4):16-24.
[15]王红霞.土壤中溶解性有机碳、氮及其迁移淋溶特性研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2008.WANG H X. Study on dissolved organic carbon,nitrogen and its migration and leaching characteristics in soil[D]. Yangling:Northwest A&F University,2008.
[16]邢英,李心清,房彬,等.生物炭添加对两种类型土壤DOC淋失影响[J].地球与环境,2015,43(2):133-137.XING Y,LI X Q,FANG B,et al. Effects of biochar addition on DOC leaching in two types of soils[J]. Earth and Environment,2015,43(2):133-137.
[17]花可可,朱波,王小国,等,紫色土坡耕地可溶性有机碳径流迁移特征[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(5):81-88.HUA K K,ZHU B,WANG X G,et al. Runoff migration characteristics of soluble organic carbon in purple soil slope farmland[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2013,29(5):81-88.
[18]王世杰,季宏兵,欧阳自远,等.碳酸盐岩风化成土作用的初步研究[J].中国科学地球科学,1999,29(5):441-449.WANG S J,JI H B,OUYANG Z Y,et al. Preliminary study on the weathering of carbonate rock into soil[J]. Chinese Science Earth Science,1999,29(5):441-449.
[19]张殿发,王世杰,李瑞玲.贵州省喀斯特山区生态环境脆弱性研究[J].地理与地理信息科学,2002,18(1):77-79.ZHANG D F,WANG S J,LI R L. Study on the vulnerability of ecological environment in karst mountainous areas of Guizhou Province[J]. Journal of Geography and Geo-Information Science,2002,18(1):77-79.
[20]况野,龙偲,陈中吉.不同厚度土壤呼吸对氮沉降的响应[J].山地农业生物学报,2014,33(3):55-59.KUANG Y,LONG S,CHEN Z J,et al. Response of soil respiration to nitrogen deposition in different thicknesses[J]. Journal of Mountain Agriculture Biology,2014,33(3):55-59.
[21]陶武辉.施肥对黄土高原水蚀风蚀交错区植物产量及土壤矿质氮、水溶性有机碳/氮的影响[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2009.TAO W H. Effects of fertilization on plant yield and soil mineral nitrogen and water-soluble organic carbon/nitrogen in water-erosion and wind-induced erosion zone on the Loess Plateau[D].Yangling:Northwest A&F University,2009.
[22]李剑,孙友宝,马晓玲,陈建立,黄涛宏.离子色谱(IC)前处理法测定土壤中的总有机碳含量[J].环境化学,2014,33(8):1425-1426.LI J,SUN Y B,MA X L,et al. Determination of total organic carbon in soil by ion chromatography(IC)pretreatment[J]. Environmental Chemistry,2014,33(8):1425-1426.
[23] KALBITZ K,SOLINGER S,PARK J,et al. Controls on the dynamics of dissolved organic matter in soils:A review[J]. Soil Science,2000,165(4):277-304.
[24] SMOLANDER A,KITUNEN V. Soil microbial activities and characteristics of dissolved organic C and N in relation to tree species[J]. Soil Biology&Biochemistry,2002,34(5):651-660.
[25] FINDLAY S E G. Increased carbon transport in the Hudson River:Unexpected consequence of nitrogen deposition[J]. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment,2005,3(3):133-137.
[26] GUGGENBERGER G,ZECH W. Dissloved organic carbon controls in acid forest soils of the Fichtelgebirge(Germany)as revealed by distribution patterns and structural composition analyses[J]. Geoderma,1993,59(1-4):109-129.
[27]莫江明,薛璟花,方运霆.鼎湖山主要森林植物凋落物分解及其对N沉降的响应[J].生态学报,2004,24(7):1413-1420.MO J M,XUE J H,FANG Y T. Litter decomposition of main forest plants in Dinghu Mountain and its response to N deposition[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology,2004,24(7):1413-1420.
[28]张伟,王克林,陈洪松,等.典型喀斯特峰丛洼地土壤有机碳含量空间预测研究[J].土壤学报,2012,49(3):601-606.ZHANG W,WANG K L,CHEN H S,et al. Spatial prediction of soil organic carbon content in typical karst peak clusters[J]. Chinese Journal of Soil Science,2012,49(3):601-606.
[29]宇万太,马强,赵鑫.不同土地利用类型下土壤活性有机碳库的变化[J].生态学杂志,2007,26(12):2013-2016.YU W T,MA Q,ZHAO X,et al. Changes of soil active organic carbon pool under different land use types[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology,2007,26(12):2013-2016.
[30]张扬,裴亚蒙,任昊晔,等.模拟氮沉降对长白山兴安落叶松林土壤有机碳库的短期影响[J].林业科技,2019,44(3):22-25.ZHANG Y,PEI Y M,REN H Y,et al. Response of Soil Total Organic Carbon and Its Fractions to Short-term Simulated Nitrogen Deposition in a Larix gmelinii Plantation in Changbai Mountains[J]. Forestry Science&Technology,2019,44(3):22-25.
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