Landsat8卫星遥感数据预处理方法
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摘要
Landsat系列卫星是由美国航空航天局和美国地质调查局共同管理的资源遥感系列卫星,40多a来为地球遥感探测活动提供了大量清晰而稳定的图像数据。卫星遥感数据预处理是获取优质遥感基础图像的第一步,对后续各级卫星遥感产品的质量有着很重要的影响。针对Landsat8卫星原始数据,对卫星下传所采用的空间数据传输协议和数据传输格式进行了详细的解析,分析了原始数据从解同步、数据帧解析、任务数据包解析、图像数据获取直到生成0级图像产品的步骤;特别针对存在无损数据压缩的陆地成像仪(operational land imager,OLI)数据,讨论了基于空间数据系统咨询委员会(consultative committee for space data systems,CCSDS)相关标准进行无损数据解压缩处理的方法和过程。经数据预处理得到的Landsat8卫星0级图像产品,可为Landsat8卫星数据应用提供优质的基础图像。
The Landsat series satellites are the remote sensing resource series satellites,which are jointly managed by National Aeronautics and Space Administration and United States Geological Survey. Large quantities of high-resolution and stable image data provided by the Landsat series satellites have created good opportunities for the earth remote sensing exploration activities in the past forty years. Satellite remote sensing data preprocessing is the first step for obtaining remote sensing image,and has an important impact on the quality of the satellite remote sensing product. Aimed at tackling the Landsat8 raw data,the authors dealt in detail with the space data transmission protocol and data transmission format for Landsat8 data downlink. The preprocessing steps for raw data were analyzed,which included synchronization,transfer frame analyzing,unpack,mission data extracting,etc. In addition,the procedure of 0- level image product acquisition was described. Specifically,based on CCSDS( consultative committee for space data systems) recommended standard,the authors also discussed the method and technological process of lossless data decompression for Operational Land Imager( OLI) compressed data. The Landsat8 Level 0 data product obtained by the data preprocessing can provide high- quality basic images for the application of Landsat8 satellite remote sensing data.
The Landsat series satellites are the remote sensing resource series satellites,which are jointly managed by National Aeronautics and Space Administration and United States Geological Survey. Large quantities of high-resolution and stable image data provided by the Landsat series satellites have created good opportunities for the earth remote sensing exploration activities in the past forty years. Satellite remote sensing data preprocessing is the first step for obtaining remote sensing image,and has an important impact on the quality of the satellite remote sensing product. Aimed at tackling the Landsat8 raw data,the authors dealt in detail with the space data transmission protocol and data transmission format for Landsat8 data downlink. The preprocessing steps for raw data were analyzed,which included synchronization,transfer frame analyzing,unpack,mission data extracting,etc. In addition,the procedure of 0- level image product acquisition was described. Specifically,based on CCSDS( consultative committee for space data systems) recommended standard,the authors also discussed the method and technological process of lossless data decompression for Operational Land Imager( OLI) compressed data. The Landsat8 Level 0 data product obtained by the data preprocessing can provide high- quality basic images for the application of Landsat8 satellite remote sensing data.
引文
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[2]张玉君.Landsat8简介[J].国土资源遥感,2013,25(1):176-177.doi:10.6046/gtzyyg.2013.01.30.Zhang Y J.Introduction to the Landsat8[J].Remote Sensing for Land and Resources,2013,25(1):176-177.doi:10.6046/gtzyyg.2013.01.30.
[3]初庆伟,张洪群,吴业炜,等.Landsat-8卫星数据应用探讨[J].遥感信息,2013,28(4):110-114.Chu Q W,Zhang H Q,Wu Y W,et al.Application research of Landsat-8[J].Remote Sensing Information,2013,28(4):110-114.
[4]CCSDS.CCSDS 121.0-B-2,Lossless Data Compression,Blue Book,Recommended Standard,Issue 2[S].Washington DC,USA:CCSDS,2012.
[5]USGS.Ldcm-Isd-010,Landsat Data Continuity Mission(LDCM)Space to International Cooperator Interface Specification Document,Version 1.0[S].USGS:2011.
[6]USGS.LDCM-DFCB-004,Landsat Data Continuity Mission(LDCM)Level 1(L1)Data Format Control Book(DFCB),Version 6.0[S].USGS:2012.
[7]唐海蓉.Landsat7 ETM+数据处理技术研究[D].北京:中国科学院研究生院(电子学研究所),2003.Tang H R.Research on Landsat7 ETM+Data Processing[D].Beijing:Institute of Electronics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,2003.
[8]初庆伟.Landsat-8卫星数据预处理关键技术研究[D].北京:中国科学院大学,2013.Chu Q W.The Research of Key Technology of Landsat-8 Data Preprocessing[D].Beijing:University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2013.
[9]宋鹏,张晓林.关于CCSDS无损数据压缩建议的初步研究[J].遥测遥控,2001,22(1):8-13.Song P,Zhang X L.A Preliminary study of CCSDS lossless data compression proposals[J].Journal of Telemetry,Tracking,and Command,2001,22(1):8-13.
[10]李维忠,贾小铁,徐志立.用于空间数据系统的无损数据压缩技术[J].计算机科学,2003,33(11):122-124.Li W Z,Jia X T,Xu Z L.Lossless data com-pression for the space data system[J].Com-puter Science,2003,33(11):122-124.
[11]张兆亮.基于CCSDS算法的星载图像压缩系统的FPGA实现[D].西安:西安电子科技大学,2010.Zhang Z L.Implementation of CCSDS Satellite Image Compression System with FPGAs[D].Xi’an:Xidian University,2010.
[12]朱云华,王凤阳,刘泳,等.CCSDS无损数据压缩算法的实现与应用研究[J].中国空间科学技术,2008,28(4):40-46.Zhu Y H,Wang F Y,Liu Y,et al.Implementation and application study of CCSDS lossless data compression algorithm[J].Chinese Space Science and Technology,2008,28(4):40-46.