无线传感器网络的路径优化节能算法
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摘要
目前,LEACH算法的研究与完善主要集中在簇头数量,簇头分布均匀性,普通节点休眠时间等方面,但很少考虑簇头与基站间的通信的最优路径问题,论文提出一种新的能量优化算法——LEACH-DK(LEACH-Dijkstra)算法。该算法在将Dijkstra应用于LEACH算法的过程中,还引入了剩余能量系数和数据量系数,确定簇头与基站之间通信的最优路径,减少簇头能量的损耗。仿真结果表明,与LEACH算法相比,LEACH-DK算法将节点的存活率提高了30%,延长了网络的生存时间,算法的时间复杂度也得到了优化。
At present,the research and improvement of LEACH algorithm mainly focus on the number of cluster heads,the uniformity of cluster head distribution,the sleep time of common nodes,but rarely consider the optimal path of communication between cluster head and base station. A new energy optimization algorithm—LEACH-DK(LEACH-Dijkstra)algorithm is proposed.In the process of applying Dijkstra to LEACH algorithm,the algorithm also introduces the residual energy coefficient and data volume coefficient,reduces the optimal path of communication between cluster head and base station,and reduces the loss of cluster head energy. The simulation results show that the LEACH-DK algorithm improves the survivability of the node by 30% compared with the LEACH algorithm,and extends the lifetime of the network. The time complexity of the algorithm is also optimized.
At present,the research and improvement of LEACH algorithm mainly focus on the number of cluster heads,the uniformity of cluster head distribution,the sleep time of common nodes,but rarely consider the optimal path of communication between cluster head and base station. A new energy optimization algorithm—LEACH-DK(LEACH-Dijkstra)algorithm is proposed.In the process of applying Dijkstra to LEACH algorithm,the algorithm also introduces the residual energy coefficient and data volume coefficient,reduces the optimal path of communication between cluster head and base station,and reduces the loss of cluster head energy. The simulation results show that the LEACH-DK algorithm improves the survivability of the node by 30% compared with the LEACH algorithm,and extends the lifetime of the network. The time complexity of the algorithm is also optimized.
引文
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[2]曹喜珠,丁绪星,冯友宏,等.基于LEACH的低能耗改进算法研究[J].无线电通信技术,2016,42(6):48-51.CAO Xizhu,DING Xuxing,FENG Youhong,et al.Studyon low energy consumption improvement algorithm basedon LEACH[J].Radio Communication Technology,2016,42(6):48-51.
[3]唐君超.基于Floyd的无线传感器网络簇内能量优化[J].微型机与应用,2016,35(13):60-63.TANG Junchao.Optimization of Cluster Energy in Wire-less Sensor Networks Based on Floyd[J].Microcomputerand Application,2016,35(13):60-63.
[4]王晓东.计算机算法设计与分析(第三版)[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2013:113-117.WANG Xiaodong.Design and Analysis of Computer Algo-rithms(Third Edition)[M].Beijing:Electronic IndustryPress,2013:113-117.
[5]YOUNIS O,FAHMY S.HEED:A hybrid energy efficient,distributed clustering approach for Ad Hoc sensor networks[J].IEEE Transaction on Mobile Computing,2004,3(4):366-379.
[6]张甫庆,熊勇,单联海.基于簇头间距均匀部署的LEACH协议改进算法[J].信息技术,2016(2):35-38,42.ZHANG Fuqing,XIONG Yong,SHAN Lianhai.ImprovedAlgorithm of LEACH Protocol Based on Uniform Deploy-ment of Cluster Heads[J].Information Technology,2016(2):35-38,42.
[7]余成波,邓顺华,方军,等.基于节点位置与剩余能量的LEACH协议优化[J].传感器与微系统,2016,35(5):139-141.YU Chengbo,DENG Shunhua,FANG Jun,et al.Optimiza-tion of LEACH Protocol Based on Node Position and Re-sidual Energy[J].Journal of Sensors and Microsystems,2016,35(5):139-141.
[8]陈晓娟,王卓,吴洁.一种基于LEACH的改进WSN路由算法[J].传感技术学报,2013,26(1):116-121.CHEN Xiaojuan,WANG Zhuo,WU Jie.Improved WSNrouting algorithm based on LEACH[J].Technical Journalof Sensors and Actuators,2013,26(1):116-121.
[9]贾云杰.基于LEACH的无线传感器网络分簇路由算法的研究与改进[D].武汉:武汉华中师范大学研究生毕业论文,2013:23-31.JIA Yunjie.Research and Improvement of Clustering Rout-ing Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks Based onLEACH[D].Wuhan:Wuhan Huazhong Normal Universi-ty graduate thesis,2013:23-31.
[10]朱报开.WSN中能量感知的最小跳数路由算法[J].无线电工程,2017,47(2):15-19.ZHU Baokai.The least hop routing algorithm for energyperception in WSN[J].Journal of Radio Engineering,2017,47(2):15-19.
[11]蒋畅江,石为人,唐贤伦,等.能量均衡的无线传感器网络非均匀分簇路由协议[J].软件学报,2012:1222-1232.JIANG Changjiang,SHI Weiren,TANG Xianlun,et al.Non-uniform clustering routing protocol for wireless sen-sor networks with energy balance[J].Journal of Soft-ware,2012:1222-1232.
[12]余秀雅,刘东亚,杨军.基于K-means++的无线传感网分簇算法研究[J].计算机应用研究,2017,34(1):181-185.YU Xiuya,LIU Dongya,YANG Jun.Study on clusteringalgorithm of wireless sensor network based on K-means++[J].Application Research of Computers,2017,34(1):181-185.
[13]侯梦婷,赵作鹏,高萌,等.采用角度因子的蚁群优化多路径路由算法[J].计算机工程与应用,2017,53(1):107-111.HOU Mengting,ZHAO Zuopeng,GAO Meng,et al.Antcolony optimization multi-path routing algorithm usingangle factor[J].Computer Engineering and Applications,2017,53(1):107-111.
[14]张荣博,曹建福.利用蚁群优化的非均匀分簇无线传感器网络路由算法[J].西安交通大学学报,2010,44(6):33-38.ZHANG Borong,CAO Jianfu.Analysis of nonuniform clustering wireless sensor networks using ant colony optimization[J].Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University,2010,44(6):33-38.
[15]王毅,张德运,梁涛涛.无线传感器网络分区能耗均衡的非均匀分簇算法[J].西安交通大学学报,2008,42(4):389-394.WANG Yi,ZHANG Deyun,LIANG Taotao.Non-uniform clustering algorithm for partitioning energy consumption of wireless sensor networks[J].Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University,2008,42(4):389-394.
[16]肖球.无线传感器网络的能耗均衡路由算法研究[D].长沙:湖南大学硕士学位论文,2013:22-39.XIAO Qiu.Research on Energy Consumption Equilibrium Routing Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks[D].Changsha:Master's Thesis of Hunan University,2013:22-39.