一种隔离损伤的桁架结构性态识别方法
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摘要
结构损伤的准确识别是结构健康监测的重要内容,由于识别的模型需要实时修正,使得结构整体刚度矩阵的更新和分解往往占用大量时间。该文基于隔离非线性理论,提出了一种隔离损伤的桁架结构性态识别方法。该方法将截面的应变分解成弹性应变和损伤应变,从截面刚度退化角度定义材料损伤,将表征损伤的刚度矩阵从整体矩阵中隔离出来,实现模型中损伤隔离,在迭代计算时避免了结构整体刚度矩阵的实时更新和分解,只需对规模较小表征损伤的刚度矩阵进行更新和分解,提高了损伤识别的求解效率。最后,以某实际钢桁架桥为例,对其主桁弦杆的损伤识别进行了数值模拟研究,设计了两种静力荷载工况对该方法进行验证。结果表明:当桁架结构发生局部损伤时,该方法可以准确高效地识别出发生损伤的位置和程度。
The accurate identification of structural damage is an important part of structural health monitoring.The identified model usually needs to be modified in real-time,which costs substantial computational effort because of the factorization of global stiffness matrix.In this paper,a new method of state identification for truss structures is presented based on the theory of inelasticity-separated method,in which the total strain of the cross section is decomposed into elastic strain and damage strain,and the material damage is evaluated by stiffness degeneration.The concept of the proposed method is that the stiffness matrix related to the damage of the model is segregated from the global stiffness matrix,and only the stiffness matrix with small scale is updated and factorized for local damage problems in the whole computation process.Thus,the calculation efficiency can be improved greatly for damage identification of truss structures.Finally,an actual steel truss bridge was taken as example,and the damage identification of the main truss strings were studied by numerical simulation.Two conditions of static loads were designed to verify the proposed method.The results show that the method can accurately and efficiently identify the location and extent when of the structural damage when it occurs in local domains.
The accurate identification of structural damage is an important part of structural health monitoring.The identified model usually needs to be modified in real-time,which costs substantial computational effort because of the factorization of global stiffness matrix.In this paper,a new method of state identification for truss structures is presented based on the theory of inelasticity-separated method,in which the total strain of the cross section is decomposed into elastic strain and damage strain,and the material damage is evaluated by stiffness degeneration.The concept of the proposed method is that the stiffness matrix related to the damage of the model is segregated from the global stiffness matrix,and only the stiffness matrix with small scale is updated and factorized for local damage problems in the whole computation process.Thus,the calculation efficiency can be improved greatly for damage identification of truss structures.Finally,an actual steel truss bridge was taken as example,and the damage identification of the main truss strings were studied by numerical simulation.Two conditions of static loads were designed to verify the proposed method.The results show that the method can accurately and efficiently identify the location and extent when of the structural damage when it occurs in local domains.
引文
[1]李洪泉,董亮,吕西林.基于小波变换的结构损伤识别与试验分析[J].土木工程学报,2003,36(5):52―57.Li Hongquan,Dong Liang,LüXilin.Identification of structural damage and test study based on wavelet transform[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2003,36(5):52―57.(in Chinese)
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[13]Li G,Zhang Y,Li H N.Nonlinear seismic analysis of reinforced concrete frames using the force analogy method[J].Journal of Bridge Engineering,2015,43(14):2115―2134.
[14]Li Gang,Yu Dinghao.Efficient inelasticity-separated finite-element method for material nonlinearity analysis[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,2018,144(4):1―11.
[15]刘海卿,陈小波,王学庆.基于损伤指数的框架结构倒塌分析综述[J].自然灾害学报,2008,17(1):186―190.Liu Haiqing,Chen Xiaobo,Wang Xueqing.Overview of damage index-based analytical method for collapse of frame structure[J].Journal of Natural Disasters,2008,17(1):186―190.(in Chinese)
[16]Friswell M I,Penny J E T.Crack modeling for structural health monitoring[J].Structural Health Monitoring,2002,1(2):139―148.
[17]张青霞.基于虚拟变形法的动态荷载与结构损伤识别方法研究[D].哈尔滨工业大学,2010:46―48.Zhang Qingxia.Dynamic load and structural damage identification using virtual distortion method[D].Harbin Institute of Technology,2010:46―48.
[18]Hager W W.Updating the inverse of a matrix[J].Siam Review.1989,31(2):221―239.
[19]Nocedal J,Wright S J.Numerical optimization[M].Springer,2006:29―76.
[20]Deng L,Ghosn M.Pseudoforce method for nonlinear analysis and reanalysis of structural systems[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,2001,127(5):570―578.
[21]Golub G H,Van Loan C F.Matrix computations[M].JHU Press,2012.
[22]Golub,Gene H.Matrix computations(Forth Edition)[M].Beijing:Posts&Telecom Press,2014:12―13.
[23]Liu Y,Ma J,Nie J,et al.Virtual distortion method-based finite element model updating of bridges by using static deformation[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,2015,143(3):1―9.
[2]Salawu O S.Detection of Structural Damage Through Changes in Frequency:A Review[J].Engineering Structures.1997,19(9):718―723.
[3]崔飞,袁万城,史家钧,等.基于静态应变及位移测量的结构损伤识别法[J].同济大学学报,2000,28(1):5―8.Cui Fei,Yuan Wancheng,Shi Jiajun,et al.Damage detection of structures based on static response[J].Journal of Tongji University,2000,28(1):5―8.(in Chinese)
[4]Sanayei M,Onipede O.Damage assessment of structures using static test data[J].Aiaa Journal.2012,29(7):1174―1179.
[5]Banan M R,Hjelmstad K D.Parameter estimation of structures from static response.I.Computational aspects[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,2015,120(11):3243―3258.
[6]姜绍飞.结构健康监测-智能信息处理及应用[J].工程力学,2009,26(5):487―490.Jiang Shaofei.Structural health monitoring-intelligent information processing and application[J].Engineering Mechanics,2009,68(5):487―490.(in Chinese)
[7]李宏男,孙鸿敏.基于小波分析和神经网络的框架结构损伤诊断方法[J].地震工程与工程振动,2003,23(05):141―148.Li Hongnan,Sun Hongmin.Damage diagnosis of framework structure based on wavelet packet analysis and neural network[J].Earthquake Engineering&Engineering Vibration,2003,23(05):141―148.(in Chinese)
[8]郭彤,李爱群,韩大章.基于灵敏度分析与优化设计原理的大跨桥梁动力模型修正[J].桥梁建设.2004(6):20―23.Guo Tong,Li Aiqun,Han Dazhang.Updating of dynamic model for long-span bridges based on structural sensitivity analysis and optimization design principle[J].Bridge Construction,2004(6):20―23.(in Chinese)
[9]向天宇,赵人达,刘海波.基于静力测试数据的预应力混凝土连续梁结构损伤识别[J].土木工程学报.2003,36(11):79―82.Xiang Tianyu,Zhao Renda,Liu Haibo.Damage detection of prestressed concrete continuous beam from static response[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2003,36(11):79―82.(in Chinese)
[10]Bakhtiari-Nejad F,Rahai A,Esfandiari A.A structural damage detection method using static noisy data[J].Engineering Structures.2005,27(12):1784―1793.
[11]Lin T H.Theory of inelastic structures[M].New York:John Wiley&Sons,1968:43―55.
[12]李钢,余丁浩,李宏男.基于拟力法的纤维梁有限元非线性分析方法[J].建筑结构学报,2016,37(9):61―68.Li Gang,Yu Dinghao,Li Hong Nan.Nonlinear fiber beam element analysis base on force analogy method[J].Journal of Building Structures,2016,37(9):61―68.(in Chinese)
[13]Li G,Zhang Y,Li H N.Nonlinear seismic analysis of reinforced concrete frames using the force analogy method[J].Journal of Bridge Engineering,2015,43(14):2115―2134.
[14]Li Gang,Yu Dinghao.Efficient inelasticity-separated finite-element method for material nonlinearity analysis[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,2018,144(4):1―11.
[15]刘海卿,陈小波,王学庆.基于损伤指数的框架结构倒塌分析综述[J].自然灾害学报,2008,17(1):186―190.Liu Haiqing,Chen Xiaobo,Wang Xueqing.Overview of damage index-based analytical method for collapse of frame structure[J].Journal of Natural Disasters,2008,17(1):186―190.(in Chinese)
[16]Friswell M I,Penny J E T.Crack modeling for structural health monitoring[J].Structural Health Monitoring,2002,1(2):139―148.
[17]张青霞.基于虚拟变形法的动态荷载与结构损伤识别方法研究[D].哈尔滨工业大学,2010:46―48.Zhang Qingxia.Dynamic load and structural damage identification using virtual distortion method[D].Harbin Institute of Technology,2010:46―48.
[18]Hager W W.Updating the inverse of a matrix[J].Siam Review.1989,31(2):221―239.
[19]Nocedal J,Wright S J.Numerical optimization[M].Springer,2006:29―76.
[20]Deng L,Ghosn M.Pseudoforce method for nonlinear analysis and reanalysis of structural systems[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,2001,127(5):570―578.
[21]Golub G H,Van Loan C F.Matrix computations[M].JHU Press,2012.
[22]Golub,Gene H.Matrix computations(Forth Edition)[M].Beijing:Posts&Telecom Press,2014:12―13.
[23]Liu Y,Ma J,Nie J,et al.Virtual distortion method-based finite element model updating of bridges by using static deformation[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,2015,143(3):1―9.