奏议文体的源流演进及发展分期
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摘要
奏议是古代上书帝王的一种行政公文,从各类文、史典籍中可以考知,奏议文体经历了尧舜时代敷言以奏、周代言笔未分、秦代上书称奏、汉代定章表奏议四仪、魏晋独立自觉、齐梁成熟、唐宋繁荣发展、明清梳理总结几个阶段。奏议文体的发展过程中,其文体类别名目体现出由简趋繁,又由繁入简的过程;其文体观念经曹丕首发其端,刘勰大力发覆,至徐师曾与吴讷始辨析梳理;其文体结集编撰,始于南北朝,盛于宋代,而至《四库全书》达到全面总结。
Memorials as a style in ancient China are ancient documents written to emperors. They experienced many forms in history: speaking in Yao and Shun times, speaking and writing in the Zhou Dynasty, memorial submission in the Qin Dynasty, memorials in the Han Dynasty, independent awareness in the Wei and Jin dynasties, maturation in the Qi and Liang dynasties, fl ourishing in the Tang and Song dynasties, and summarization in the Ming and Qing dynasties. In the process of the evolution of memorials, their style classifi cation shifted from simplicity to complexity, and then vice versa. The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons marked their maturation. They were summarized in the Si Ku Quan Shu.
Memorials as a style in ancient China are ancient documents written to emperors. They experienced many forms in history: speaking in Yao and Shun times, speaking and writing in the Zhou Dynasty, memorial submission in the Qin Dynasty, memorials in the Han Dynasty, independent awareness in the Wei and Jin dynasties, maturation in the Qi and Liang dynasties, fl ourishing in the Tang and Song dynasties, and summarization in the Ming and Qing dynasties. In the process of the evolution of memorials, their style classifi cation shifted from simplicity to complexity, and then vice versa. The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons marked their maturation. They were summarized in the Si Ku Quan Shu.
引文
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[3]刘熙.释名[M].北京:中华书局,1985.
[4]魏宏灿.曹丕集校注[M].合肥:安徽大学出版社,2009.
[5]李民,王健.尚书译注[M].上海:上海古籍出版社,2004.
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[8]杨伯峻.论语译注[M].北京:中华书局,1980.
[9]何晏.论语集解义疏[M].北京:商务印书馆,1937.
[10]欧阳询.艺文类聚[M].上海:上海古籍出版社,1985.
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[13]萧统著,李善注.文选[M].上海:上海古籍出版社,1986.
[14]魏征.隋书[M].北京:中华书局,1997.
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[17]姚铉.唐文粹[M].吉林:吉林人民出版社,2005.
[18]李昉.文苑英华[M].北京:中华书局,1982.
[19]吕祖谦.宋文鉴[M].北京:中华书局,1992.
[20]欧阳修,宋祁.新唐书[M].北京:中华书局,2000.
[21]永2)等.四库全书总目提要[M].上海:商务印书馆,1968.
[22]吴讷.文章辨体序说[M].北京:人民文学出版社,1998.
[23]徐师曾.文体明辨序说[M].北京:人民文学出版社,1998.
[24]姚鼐.古文辞类纂[M].北京:中国书店,1986.
[25]张舜徽.四库提要叙讲疏[M].台北:台湾学生书局,2002.