切萨雷·帕韦塞的“神话空间”
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摘要
切萨雷·帕韦塞是意大利二战后最重要的文学家之一,被列入新现实主义作家之列。作为小说家和诗人,他从意大利语口语中提炼创造出了一种具象的、全新的文学语言,来展现工业城市和乡村的人类活动,对新时代文学创作产生了巨大影响。从真实主义开始,意大利文学创作地域色彩变得浓郁,帕韦塞作品中的"故事空间"具有很强的辨识度。本文通过分析帕韦塞小说中的"场所爱好"来揭示他和都灵之间的关系;并结合作者的神话理论,展现他打造的"神话空间",从空间角度揭示他写作的诗意。
Cesare Pavese is a "neorealist novelist" in Italian literature, becoming one of the most important writers after the Second World War. Pavese, as a narrator and a poet, paid much attention to the life of the ordinary people living in cities and the countryside. He created a new literary language based on the Italian spoken language to illustrate the activities of people living in the industrial cities and in the mountain villages. He had a profound influence on contemporary literature. Started by the Verism, the regionalism and dialects became evident in Italian literature; the "story-space" in Pavese is more identifiable. In this paper, the relationship between Pavese and the City of Torino is analyzed, his "topophilie" is exposed,and through the theory of his "new myth", the "mythological space" is revealed to show the poetic quality of his novels.
Cesare Pavese is a "neorealist novelist" in Italian literature, becoming one of the most important writers after the Second World War. Pavese, as a narrator and a poet, paid much attention to the life of the ordinary people living in cities and the countryside. He created a new literary language based on the Italian spoken language to illustrate the activities of people living in the industrial cities and in the mountain villages. He had a profound influence on contemporary literature. Started by the Verism, the regionalism and dialects became evident in Italian literature; the "story-space" in Pavese is more identifiable. In this paper, the relationship between Pavese and the City of Torino is analyzed, his "topophilie" is exposed,and through the theory of his "new myth", the "mythological space" is revealed to show the poetic quality of his novels.
引文
Abad,José.“Il carcere insegna a star soli.”Cesare Pavese:la donna,la vita e la morte.Ed.Antonio Catalfamo.Catania:CE.PA.M.,2018.149-61.
Angelini,Pietro.Introduzione.Pavese e De Martino:La collana viola,lettere 1945-1950.Ed.Pietro Angelini.Torino:Bollati Boringhieri,1991.9-49.
Augè,Marc.Non-Places,Introduction to an Anthropology of Supermodernity.Trans.John Howe.London:Verso,1995.
Chatman,Seymour.Story and Discourse:Narrative Structure in Fiction and Film.Ithaca:Cornell UP,1978.
D’Annunzio,Gabriele.Alcyone.Milano:Treves,1903.
Ferretti,Gian Carlo.L’editore Pavese.Torino:Einaudi,2017.
Jesi,Furio.Letteratura e mito.Torino:Einaudi,2002.
Magris,Claudio.Microcosmi.Milano:Garzanti,1997.
Pavese,Cesare.The Beautiful Summer.London:Penguin,2018.
-.La bella estate.Torino:Einaudi,1949.
-.I capolavori.Torino:Einaudi,2008.
-.Dialoghi con Leucò.Torino:Einaudi,2014.
-.La letteratura americana e altri saggi.Torino:Einaudi,1953.
-.Il mestiere di vivere.Torino:Einaudi,1952.
巴赫金:《巴赫金全集》第1卷,钱中文译。石家庄:河北教育出版社,2009。[Bakhtin,Mikhail.The Collection of Bakhtin.Vol.1.Trans.Qian Zhongwen.Shijiazhuang:Hebei Education,2009.]
巴什拉:《空间的诗学》,张逸婧译。上海:上海译文出版社,2013。[Bachelard,Gaston.La poétique de l’Espace.Trans.Zhang Yijing.Shanghai:Shanghai Translation,2013.]
巴特:《神话修辞术》,屠友祥译。上海:上海人民出版社,2016。[Barthes,Roland.Mythologies.Trans.Tu Youxiang.Shanghai:Shanghai People’s,2016.]
迪皮耶特兰托尼奥:《被弃养的女孩》,陈英、刘思捷译。北京:外研社,2018。[Di Pietrantonio,Donatella.L’Arminuta.Trans.Chen Ying and Liu Sijie.Beijing:FLTRP,2018.]
福柯:《声名狼藉者的生活》,汪民安编。北京:北京大学出版社,2016。[Foucault,Michel.La vie des homees infames.Ed.Wang Minan.Beijing:Peking UP,2016.]
卡尔维诺:《文学机器》,魏怡译。南京:译林出版社,2018。[Calvino,Italo.Una pietra sopra.Trans.Wei Yi.Nanjing:Yilin,2018.]
卡尔维诺:《文字世界和非文字世界》,王健全译。南京:译林出版社,2018。[Calvino,Italo.Mondo scritto e mondo non scritto.Trans.Wang Jianquan.Nanjing:Yilin,2018.]
莱维:《基督不到的地方》,刘儒庭译。南京:译林出版社,2001。[Levi,Carlo.Cristo sièfermato a Eboli.Trans.Liu Ruting.Nanjing:Yilin,2001.]
列斐伏尔:《空间与政治》,李春译。上海:上海人民出版社,2015。[Lefebver,Henri.Espace et Politique-Le droitàla ville.Trans.Li Chun.Shanghai:Shanghai People’s,2015.]
刘波:《波德莱尔:从城市经验到诗歌经验》。北京:北京大学出版社,2016。[Liu,Bo.Baudelaire:From Urban Experience to Poetic Experience.Beijing:Peking UP,2016.]
穆尔嘉:《送魂婆》,汤荻译。上海:上海文艺出版社,2015。[Murgia,Michela.Accabadora.Trans.Tang Di.Shanghai:Shanghai Literature and Art,2015.]
帕韦塞:《艰难之活》,江鑫鑫译。杭州:浙江大学出版社,2015。[Pavese,Cesare.Complete Poems 1930-1950.Trans.Jiang Xinxin.Hangzhou:Zhejiang UP,2015.]
帕韦塞:《月亮与篝火》,陆元昶译。南京:译林出版社,2013。[Pavese,Cesare.La luna e i falò.Trans.Lu Yuanchang.Nanjing:Yilin,2013.]
文铮、王强:《2016年意大利文学概览》,载金莉、王丽亚编《外国文学通览》(北京:外研社,2017),第359-73页。[Wen,Zheng,and Wang Qiang.“Summary of Italian literature of 2016.”Summary of the Foreign Literature.Ed.Jin Li and Wang Liya.Beijing:FLTRP,2017.359-73.]
Angelini,Pietro.Introduzione.Pavese e De Martino:La collana viola,lettere 1945-1950.Ed.Pietro Angelini.Torino:Bollati Boringhieri,1991.9-49.
Augè,Marc.Non-Places,Introduction to an Anthropology of Supermodernity.Trans.John Howe.London:Verso,1995.
Chatman,Seymour.Story and Discourse:Narrative Structure in Fiction and Film.Ithaca:Cornell UP,1978.
D’Annunzio,Gabriele.Alcyone.Milano:Treves,1903.
Ferretti,Gian Carlo.L’editore Pavese.Torino:Einaudi,2017.
Jesi,Furio.Letteratura e mito.Torino:Einaudi,2002.
Magris,Claudio.Microcosmi.Milano:Garzanti,1997.
Pavese,Cesare.The Beautiful Summer.London:Penguin,2018.
-.La bella estate.Torino:Einaudi,1949.
-.I capolavori.Torino:Einaudi,2008.
-.Dialoghi con Leucò.Torino:Einaudi,2014.
-.La letteratura americana e altri saggi.Torino:Einaudi,1953.
-.Il mestiere di vivere.Torino:Einaudi,1952.
巴赫金:《巴赫金全集》第1卷,钱中文译。石家庄:河北教育出版社,2009。[Bakhtin,Mikhail.The Collection of Bakhtin.Vol.1.Trans.Qian Zhongwen.Shijiazhuang:Hebei Education,2009.]
巴什拉:《空间的诗学》,张逸婧译。上海:上海译文出版社,2013。[Bachelard,Gaston.La poétique de l’Espace.Trans.Zhang Yijing.Shanghai:Shanghai Translation,2013.]
巴特:《神话修辞术》,屠友祥译。上海:上海人民出版社,2016。[Barthes,Roland.Mythologies.Trans.Tu Youxiang.Shanghai:Shanghai People’s,2016.]
迪皮耶特兰托尼奥:《被弃养的女孩》,陈英、刘思捷译。北京:外研社,2018。[Di Pietrantonio,Donatella.L’Arminuta.Trans.Chen Ying and Liu Sijie.Beijing:FLTRP,2018.]
福柯:《声名狼藉者的生活》,汪民安编。北京:北京大学出版社,2016。[Foucault,Michel.La vie des homees infames.Ed.Wang Minan.Beijing:Peking UP,2016.]
卡尔维诺:《文学机器》,魏怡译。南京:译林出版社,2018。[Calvino,Italo.Una pietra sopra.Trans.Wei Yi.Nanjing:Yilin,2018.]
卡尔维诺:《文字世界和非文字世界》,王健全译。南京:译林出版社,2018。[Calvino,Italo.Mondo scritto e mondo non scritto.Trans.Wang Jianquan.Nanjing:Yilin,2018.]
莱维:《基督不到的地方》,刘儒庭译。南京:译林出版社,2001。[Levi,Carlo.Cristo sièfermato a Eboli.Trans.Liu Ruting.Nanjing:Yilin,2001.]
列斐伏尔:《空间与政治》,李春译。上海:上海人民出版社,2015。[Lefebver,Henri.Espace et Politique-Le droitàla ville.Trans.Li Chun.Shanghai:Shanghai People’s,2015.]
刘波:《波德莱尔:从城市经验到诗歌经验》。北京:北京大学出版社,2016。[Liu,Bo.Baudelaire:From Urban Experience to Poetic Experience.Beijing:Peking UP,2016.]
穆尔嘉:《送魂婆》,汤荻译。上海:上海文艺出版社,2015。[Murgia,Michela.Accabadora.Trans.Tang Di.Shanghai:Shanghai Literature and Art,2015.]
帕韦塞:《艰难之活》,江鑫鑫译。杭州:浙江大学出版社,2015。[Pavese,Cesare.Complete Poems 1930-1950.Trans.Jiang Xinxin.Hangzhou:Zhejiang UP,2015.]
帕韦塞:《月亮与篝火》,陆元昶译。南京:译林出版社,2013。[Pavese,Cesare.La luna e i falò.Trans.Lu Yuanchang.Nanjing:Yilin,2013.]
文铮、王强:《2016年意大利文学概览》,载金莉、王丽亚编《外国文学通览》(北京:外研社,2017),第359-73页。[Wen,Zheng,and Wang Qiang.“Summary of Italian literature of 2016.”Summary of the Foreign Literature.Ed.Jin Li and Wang Liya.Beijing:FLTRP,2017.359-73.]