文昌市低效木麻黄林近自然改造效果
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摘要
[目的]在文昌市岛东林场低效木麻黄纯林中开展近自然经营改造技术试验,对3种模式下的树种生长进行调查研究,选择出最佳的配置模式。[方法]采用方差统计、聚类分析的方法对10个树种的树高、地径、冠幅生长量生长情况进行整体比较。[结果]伊朗紫硬胶、非洲楝第1年和第2年均表现出树高、地径、冠幅生长速度较快,相反檀香紫檀、琼崖海棠和黄槿生长速度较慢,其他树种表现不一,并将树种分为3类,第1类为速生树种,有非洲楝和伊朗紫硬胶;第2类为中生树种,有麻楝、花梨,山竹、大叶相思、母生;第3类为慢生树种,有琼崖海棠、黄槿、檀香紫檀。[结论]根据近自然化原则、树种生态特性和垂直结构理论,选择花梨、非洲楝和檀香紫檀混交模式作为低效木麻黄林下近自然改造的首选配置模式。
[Objective]The near-natural management transformation technology experiment was carried out in the low-efficiency Casuarina forest in Daodong Forest Farm of Wenchang City, the growth of tree species under three models was investigated,the best configuration mode was chosen.[Method]Using the variance, cluster analysis method to compare the growth of tree height, ground diameter and crown growth of 10 tree species. [Result]In the first year and the second year, the tree height, ground diameter and crown width of Mimusops elengi and Khaya senegalensis(Desr.) A. Juss. were faster. On the contrary, the growth rates of Pterocarpus santalinus, Calophyllum inophyllum L and Hibiscus tiliaceus were slower, and other tree species showed different performances. The cluster analysis method was used to compare the growth of tree height, ground diameter and crown growth of 10 tree species. The tree species were divided into 3 categories. The first type was fast-growing tree species, including Khaya senegalensis(Desr.) A. Juss. and Mimusops elengi;the second type was middle-quality tree species, there were Chukrasia tabularis A. Juss., Dalbergia odorifera, Garcinia mangostana L., Acacia auriculiformis A. Cunn. ex Benth.,Homalium hainanense Gagnep.;the third type was slow-growing tree species, including Calophyllum inophyllum L, Hibiscus tiliaceus, Pterocarpus santalinus. [Conclusion]According to the principle of near naturalization, the ecological characteristics of tree species and the theory of vertical structure, the mixed pattern of Dalbergia odorifera, Khaya senegalensis(Desr.) A. Juss. and Pterocarpus santalinus was chosen as the preferred configuration mode for near-natural transformation under low-efficiency Casuarina.
[Objective]The near-natural management transformation technology experiment was carried out in the low-efficiency Casuarina forest in Daodong Forest Farm of Wenchang City, the growth of tree species under three models was investigated,the best configuration mode was chosen.[Method]Using the variance, cluster analysis method to compare the growth of tree height, ground diameter and crown growth of 10 tree species. [Result]In the first year and the second year, the tree height, ground diameter and crown width of Mimusops elengi and Khaya senegalensis(Desr.) A. Juss. were faster. On the contrary, the growth rates of Pterocarpus santalinus, Calophyllum inophyllum L and Hibiscus tiliaceus were slower, and other tree species showed different performances. The cluster analysis method was used to compare the growth of tree height, ground diameter and crown growth of 10 tree species. The tree species were divided into 3 categories. The first type was fast-growing tree species, including Khaya senegalensis(Desr.) A. Juss. and Mimusops elengi;the second type was middle-quality tree species, there were Chukrasia tabularis A. Juss., Dalbergia odorifera, Garcinia mangostana L., Acacia auriculiformis A. Cunn. ex Benth.,Homalium hainanense Gagnep.;the third type was slow-growing tree species, including Calophyllum inophyllum L, Hibiscus tiliaceus, Pterocarpus santalinus. [Conclusion]According to the principle of near naturalization, the ecological characteristics of tree species and the theory of vertical structure, the mixed pattern of Dalbergia odorifera, Khaya senegalensis(Desr.) A. Juss. and Pterocarpus santalinus was chosen as the preferred configuration mode for near-natural transformation under low-efficiency Casuarina.
引文
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[2] 刘伟.东源县马尾松林分改造初期效益研究[D].广州:华南农业大学,2012.
[3] 许新桥.近自然林业理论概述[J].世界林业研究,2006,19(1):10-13.
[4] 肖志军.近自然森林经营的几点思考[J].现代园艺,2013(14):210-211.
[5] 尤立权.关于近自然森林经营的思考[J].现代工业科技,2014(13):201.
[6] 陈云芳.多功能林业的协同发展指标体系与评价模型研究[D].北京:中国林业科学研究院,2012
[7] 王祥,王海军,王中激,等.深圳市羊台山森林公园优良乡土阔叶树种选择技术研究[J].广东林业科技,2012,28(6):8-13.
[8] 康敏明,杨海燕,陈红跃,等.34种阔叶树种早期生长比较[J].广东林业科技,2006,22(4):83-87.
[9] 冯远波.中山市林相改造主要乡土树种生长研究[D].北京:中国林业科学研究院,2014.
[10] 易观路,许方宏,罗建华,等.雷州半岛15个阔叶树种混交幼林的生长分析[J].生态科学,2004,23(4):346-350.