爆破作用下层状盐穴难溶夹层垮塌效应解析分析
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摘要
层状盐穴储库难溶夹层在自然条件下的垮塌具有不可控性,给水溶建腔和储库运营带来了诸多安全隐患,通过控制爆破可以促使难溶夹层可控垮塌,加快建腔速度。为分析难溶夹层的垮塌效应,在弹性力学理论基础上,分别建立夹层中间和板面装药2种情况的力学简化计算模型,推导难溶夹层板在爆破作用下的应力分量表达式。同时对爆破作用下夹层垮塌效应进行分析,根据材料的强度破坏准则,得到2种装药情况下夹层破坏的范围。针对某工程实例,应用推导的公式对爆破作用下夹层垮塌进行理论计算分析,结果表明:夹层中间装药时,不耦合系数从1.0变化到2.0,粉碎区半径为2~4倍钻孔半径,破裂区半径为6~9倍钻孔半径;夹层板面装药时,夹层下部的破坏范围比上部大,且夹层上边缘会发生受拉破坏。
In the bedded salt cavern reservoir,the insoluble interbed collapsed under natural conditions is uncontrollable and brings potential danger to the cavern making with water solution and to the operation of storage. Controlled blasting can promote the steerable collapse of the insoluble interbed and speed up the construction of cavity. In order to analyze the effect of the insoluble interbed collapse,a simplified mechanical model for two cases with placing explosives in the interbed and on the interbed plate respectively were established on the basis of the theory of elasticity. The expressions of stress component in the insoluble interbed under blasting loading were derived. Besides,the effect of the interbed collapse under blasting loading was analyzed. In the light of the strength failure criterion of the material,the radii of the broken zones under two kinds of explosive locations were obtained. Theoretical analysis to the interbed collapse in a salt cavern under blasting loading was carried out with the derived formula. The results show that when the explosive is placed in the interbed,the range of decoupling coefficient is between 1.0 to 2.0,the radius of crush zone is 2–4 times of the borehole radius,the radius of rupture zone is 6–9 times of the borehole radius. When the explosive is placed on the interbed plate,the lower part of damage range is larger than the upper part,and tensile failure will occur on the upper edge of the interbed.
In the bedded salt cavern reservoir,the insoluble interbed collapsed under natural conditions is uncontrollable and brings potential danger to the cavern making with water solution and to the operation of storage. Controlled blasting can promote the steerable collapse of the insoluble interbed and speed up the construction of cavity. In order to analyze the effect of the insoluble interbed collapse,a simplified mechanical model for two cases with placing explosives in the interbed and on the interbed plate respectively were established on the basis of the theory of elasticity. The expressions of stress component in the insoluble interbed under blasting loading were derived. Besides,the effect of the interbed collapse under blasting loading was analyzed. In the light of the strength failure criterion of the material,the radii of the broken zones under two kinds of explosive locations were obtained. Theoretical analysis to the interbed collapse in a salt cavern under blasting loading was carried out with the derived formula. The results show that when the explosive is placed in the interbed,the range of decoupling coefficient is between 1.0 to 2.0,the radius of crush zone is 2–4 times of the borehole radius,the radius of rupture zone is 6–9 times of the borehole radius. When the explosive is placed on the interbed plate,the lower part of damage range is larger than the upper part,and tensile failure will occur on the upper edge of the interbed.
引文
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[10]施锡林,李银平,杨春和,等.卤水浸泡对泥质夹层抗拉强度影响的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(11):2 301–2 308.(SHI Xilin,LI Yinping,YANG Chunhe,et al.Test study of influence of brine on tensile strength of muddy intercalation[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(11):2 301–2 308.(in Chinese))
[11]施锡林,李银平,杨春和,等.多夹层盐矿油气储库水溶建腔夹层垮塌控制技术[J].岩土工程学报,2011,33(12):1 957–1 963.(SHI Xilin,LI Yinping,YANG Chunhe,et al.Collapse control technology for interbeds in solution mining for oil/gasstorage in multi-interbedded salt formation[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2011,33(12):1 957–1 963.(in Chinese))
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[13]袁炽.层状盐岩储库夹层垮塌的理论分析[J].科学技术与工程,2015,15(2):14–21.(YUAN Chi.Theoretical analysis of the interlayer collapse in solution mining of the salt cavern[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2015,15(2):14–21.(in Chinese))
[14]张奇.岩石爆破的粉碎区及空腔膨胀[J].爆炸与冲击,1990,10(1):68–75.(ZHANG Qi.Smash districts and expanding of cavities in rock blasting[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,1990,10(1):68–75.(in Chinese))
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[16]宗琦.岩石内爆炸应力波破裂区半径的计算[J].爆破,1994,(2):15–17.(ZONG Qi.Calculation of radius of rupture zone of explosive stress wave in rock[J].Blasting,1994,(2):15–17.(in Chinese))
[17]唐廷,周健南,吴华杰,等.岩石中柱形装药爆破破坏区域的理论计算[J].爆破,2014,31(3):23–25.(TANG Ting,ZHOU Jiannan,WU Huajie,et al.Theoretical calculation of breakage zones caused by cylindrical charge blasting[J].Blasting,2014,31(3):23–25.(in Chinese))
[18]付跃升,张庆明.爆炸荷载作用下弹性薄板的动态响应[J].北京理工大学学报,2007,27(7):572–575.(FU Yuesheng,ZHANG Qingming.Calculating dynamic parameters in elastic thin plates under blast loading[J].Transactions of Beijing Institute of Technology,2007,27(7):572–575.(in Chinese))
[19]谭继可,潘金玉,杨慧,等.爆炸荷载作用下钢筋混凝土板的动力响应分析[J].长江大学学报:自科版,2013,10(13):114–116.(TAN Jike,PAN Jinyu,YANG Hui,et al.Dynamic response analysis of reinforced concrete slab under explosion loading[J].Journal of Yangtze University:Natural Science,2013,10(13):114–116.(in Chinese))
[20]谢传喜.圆形薄膜结构在冲击荷载作用下的动力响应研究[硕士学位论文][D].重庆:重庆大学,2014.(XIE Chuanxi.Dynamic response of circular thin film structures under impact loading[M.S.Thesis][D].Chongqing:Chongqing University,2014.(in Chinese))
[21]周勇,刘贞良,王秀丽,等.泥石流冲击荷载下拦挡坝的动力响应分析[J].振动与冲击,2015,34(8):117–120.(ZHOU Yong,LIU Zhenliang,WANG Xiuli,et al.Dynamic response analysis for a dam against impact load of debris flow[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2015,34(8):117–120.(in Chinese))
[22]王文龙.钻眼爆破[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1984:71–94.(WANG Wenlong.Drilling and blasting[M].Beijing:China Coal Industry Publishing House,1984:71–94.(in Chinese))
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