无人水面艇在水上交通安全监管中的应用
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摘要
水上巡航和处置突发事件等水上交通安全监管具有监管水域广、应急反应快、救助能力要求高等特点,而无人水面艇具有自主化水平高、航速快、抗风险能力强等特征,为使其顺利进入水上交通安全监管领域,需开展无人水面艇水上交通安全监管应用探索研究。在简述无人水面艇发展和主要功能定位的基础上,分析水上交通安全监管特点,论证无人水面艇在水上交通安全监管中的潜在应用。无人水面艇具有综合成本低、抗风险能力强、智能化程度高、反应速度快等优势,符合水上交通安全监管工作的各项要求,能够在水上交通安全监管广泛应用。
The maritime safety supervision such as patrol and emergency disposal has the characteristics of broad regulatory waters,rapid emergency response demand,high rescue capacity demand etc. Because ofexcellent autonomy,and intelligence,fast speed,strong risk resistance capacity and other advantages ofUnmanned Surface Vehicle(USV),it is necessary to carry out a study on the application of the USV to themaritime safety supervision. Based on a brief description of the development and main functions of theUSV,the characteristic of the maritime safety supervision is analyzed and the potential applications of theUSV are demonstrated. The results show that the USV has many advantages such as low composite cost,strong risk resistance capacity,high degree of intelligence,rapid emergence response,etc,meeting thedemands of the maritime safety supervision. As a conclusion,the USV is suitable for a wide range of applications to the maritime safety supervision.
The maritime safety supervision such as patrol and emergency disposal has the characteristics of broad regulatory waters,rapid emergency response demand,high rescue capacity demand etc. Because ofexcellent autonomy,and intelligence,fast speed,strong risk resistance capacity and other advantages ofUnmanned Surface Vehicle(USV),it is necessary to carry out a study on the application of the USV to themaritime safety supervision. Based on a brief description of the development and main functions of theUSV,the characteristic of the maritime safety supervision is analyzed and the potential applications of theUSV are demonstrated. The results show that the USV has many advantages such as low composite cost,strong risk resistance capacity,high degree of intelligence,rapid emergence response,etc,meeting thedemands of the maritime safety supervision. As a conclusion,the USV is suitable for a wide range of applications to the maritime safety supervision.
引文
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[17]吴恭兴.无人艇操纵性与智能控制技术研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2011.WU G X. Study of the maneuverability and intelligentcontrol for unmanned surface vehicle[D]. Harbin:Harbin Engineering University,2011(in Chinese).
[18]周杰.无人艇布局优化方法研究与探索[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2012.ZHOU J. Research and explore on layout optimization problem of unmanned surface vehicle[D]. Harbin:Harbin Engineering University,2012(in Chinese).
[19] NAEEM W,IRWIN G W,YANG A L. COLREGsbased collision avoidance strategies for unmanned surface vehicles[J]. Mechatronics,2012,22(6):669-678.
[20] CAMPBELL S,NAEEM W,IRWIN G W. A review on improving the autonomy of unmanned surface vehicles through intelligent collision avoidance manoeuvres[J]. Annual Reviews in Control,2012,36(2):267-283.
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[22]马忠丽,文杰,梁秀梅,等.无人艇视觉系统多类水面目标特征提取与识别[J].西安交通大学学报,2014,48(8):60-66.MA Z L,WEN J,LIANG X M,et al. Extraction and recognition of features from multi-types of surface targets for visual systems in unmanned surface vehicle[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University,2014,48(8):60-66(in Chinese).
[23]梁秀梅.无人艇视觉系统目标图像特征提取与识别技术研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2013.LIANG X M. Feature extraction and recognition technology research on target images of USV vision system[D]. Harbin:Harbin Engineering University,2013(in Chinese).
[24]董早鹏.无人艇运动模糊控制技术研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2013.DONG Z P. Research on motion control of USV based onfuzzy technology[D]. Harbin:Harbin Engineering University,2013(in Chinese).
[25]中国海事局.中华人民共和国海事局水上巡航工作规范(试行)[M].北京:中国海事局,2011.
[26]中华人民共和国交通部.中国海事工作发展纲要(2006-2020)[M].北京:中华人民共和国交通部,2006.
[27]曹沫,武瑞利,潘凤明.国外海事系统部门监督船舶、飞机发展历程对我国海事水上监管设备发展的启示[J].水运管理,2003(9):35-36.CAO M,WU R L,PAN F M. Enlightenment from overseas VTS to ships and airplanes[J]. Shipping Management,2003(9):35-36(in Chinese).
[2]马天宇,杨松林,王涛涛,等.多USV协同系统研究现状与发展概述[J].舰船科学技术,2014,36(6):7-13.MA T Y,YANG S L,WANG T T,et al. An outline of current status and development of the multiple USV cooperation system[J]. Ship Science and Technology,2014,36(6):7-13(in Chinese).
[3]宋磊.国外海军无人水面艇发展及关键技术[J].军事史林,2014(9):58-60.SONG L. The development and critical technologies of USV of foreign navy army[J]. Martial Historical Facts,2014(9):58-60(in Chinese).
[4] BERTRAM V. Unmanned surface vehicles–a survey[EB/OL].[2011-11-01]. http://www.skibstekniskselskab.dk/public/dokumenter/Skibsteknisk/Download%20materiale/2008/10%20marts%2008/USVsurvey_DTU. pdf.
[5]周洪光,马爱民,夏朗.无人水面航行器发展[J].国防科技,2009,30(6):17-20,30.ZHOU H G,MA A M,XIA L. A research on the development of the unmanned surface vehicles[J]. National Defense Science&Technology,2009,30(6):17-20,30(in Chinese).
[6]李坡,张志雄,赵希庆.美海军无人作战平台现状及发展趋势分析[J].装备学院学报,2014,25(3):6-9.LI P,ZHANG Z X,ZHAO X Q. Analysis of the status and future trends ofthe US navy unmanned operational platform[J]. Journal of Equipment Academy,2014,25(3):6-9(in Chinese).
[7] YAN R J,PANG S,SUN H B,et al. Development and missions of unmanned surface vehicle[J]. Journal of Marine Science and Application,2010,9(4):451-457.
[8] Department of Navy,United State of American. The navy unmanned surface vehicle(USV)master plan[M].United States Department of the Navy,2007.
[9] RAND National Defense Research Institute. U. S. navy employment options for unmanned surface vehicles(USVs)[M]. Santa Monica,California,USA:RAND Corporation,2013.
[10]况小梅.水面高速无人艇的概念设计研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2007.KUANG X M. Research on the concept design of unmanned surface vehicle[D]. Harbin:Harbin Engineering University,2007(in Chinese).
[11]侯平仁.无人多功能海事船自主航行系统研究与设计[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2012.HOU P R. The research and design of the automatic navigation system for multifunction maritime unmanned ship[D]. Wuhan:Wuhan University of Technology,2012(in Chinese).
[12]李家良.水面无人艇发展与应用[J].火力与指挥控制,2012,37(6):203-207.LI J L. Development and application of unmanned surface vehicle[J]. Fire Control&Command Control,2012,37(6):203-207(in Chinese).
[13] WANG J H,GU W,ZHU J X,et al. An unmanned surface vehicle for multi-mission applications[C]//Proceedings of 2009 International Conference on Electronic Computer Technology. Macau,China:IEEE,2009.
[14] WU G X,ZOU J,WAN L,et al. Design of the basic motion control system for water-jet-propelled unmanned surface vehicle[J]. Control Theory&Applications,2010,27(2):257-262.
[15]熊亚洲,张晓杰,冯海涛,等.一种面向多任务应用的无人水面艇[J].船舶工程,2012,34(1):16-19.XIONG Y Z,ZHANG X J,FENG H T,et al. An unmanned surface vehicle for multi-mission applications[J]. Ship Engineering,2012,34(1):16-19(in Chinese).
[16]文逸彦.一种无人翼滑艇艇型的设计技术研究[D].镇江:江苏科技大学,2013.WEN Y Y. A design technology study on vehicle type of unmanned gliding-hydrofoil craft[D]. Zhenjiang:Jiangsu University of Science and Technology,2013(in Chinese).
[17]吴恭兴.无人艇操纵性与智能控制技术研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2011.WU G X. Study of the maneuverability and intelligentcontrol for unmanned surface vehicle[D]. Harbin:Harbin Engineering University,2011(in Chinese).
[18]周杰.无人艇布局优化方法研究与探索[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2012.ZHOU J. Research and explore on layout optimization problem of unmanned surface vehicle[D]. Harbin:Harbin Engineering University,2012(in Chinese).
[19] NAEEM W,IRWIN G W,YANG A L. COLREGsbased collision avoidance strategies for unmanned surface vehicles[J]. Mechatronics,2012,22(6):669-678.
[20] CAMPBELL S,NAEEM W,IRWIN G W. A review on improving the autonomy of unmanned surface vehicles through intelligent collision avoidance manoeuvres[J]. Annual Reviews in Control,2012,36(2):267-283.
[21] KIM H,KIM D,SHIN J U,et al. Angular rate-constrained path planning algorithm for unmanned surface vehicles[J]. Ocean Engineering,2014,84:37-44.
[22]马忠丽,文杰,梁秀梅,等.无人艇视觉系统多类水面目标特征提取与识别[J].西安交通大学学报,2014,48(8):60-66.MA Z L,WEN J,LIANG X M,et al. Extraction and recognition of features from multi-types of surface targets for visual systems in unmanned surface vehicle[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University,2014,48(8):60-66(in Chinese).
[23]梁秀梅.无人艇视觉系统目标图像特征提取与识别技术研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2013.LIANG X M. Feature extraction and recognition technology research on target images of USV vision system[D]. Harbin:Harbin Engineering University,2013(in Chinese).
[24]董早鹏.无人艇运动模糊控制技术研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2013.DONG Z P. Research on motion control of USV based onfuzzy technology[D]. Harbin:Harbin Engineering University,2013(in Chinese).
[25]中国海事局.中华人民共和国海事局水上巡航工作规范(试行)[M].北京:中国海事局,2011.
[26]中华人民共和国交通部.中国海事工作发展纲要(2006-2020)[M].北京:中华人民共和国交通部,2006.
[27]曹沫,武瑞利,潘凤明.国外海事系统部门监督船舶、飞机发展历程对我国海事水上监管设备发展的启示[J].水运管理,2003(9):35-36.CAO M,WU R L,PAN F M. Enlightenment from overseas VTS to ships and airplanes[J]. Shipping Management,2003(9):35-36(in Chinese).