2015年中国15省(自治区、直辖市)60岁及以上居民蔬菜和水果摄入状况
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摘要
目的了解中国15省(自治区、直辖市)60岁及以上居民蔬菜和水果摄入现状。方法利用2015年"中国居民营养状况变迁的队列研究"资料,选取5031名60岁及以上居民为研究对象。利用连续3天24小时回顾法收集膳食数据,分析摄入状况,与《中国居民膳食指南(2016)》推荐摄入量比较。Logistic回归模型分析蔬菜和水果摄入量是否达到推荐量的影响因素。结果 60岁及以上居民蔬菜消费率为99.5%,消费量中位数(P50)为242.3 g/d。水果消费率为39.7%,消费量第75百分位数为(P75)为64.8 g/d。Logistic分析显示,男性、60～79岁和城市蔬菜消费更有可能达到推荐量。高收入和城市水果消费更有可能达到推荐量。结论 15省(自治区、直辖市)60岁及以上居民水果消费率低且消费量不足。蔬菜消费率高但深色蔬菜占到一半的比例低。性别、年龄和地区影响蔬菜是否达到推荐量。收入和地区影响水果是否达到推荐量。
OBJECTIVE To examine vegetables and fruits consumption in a sample of elderly Chinese. METHODS Samples from 2015 China Nutritional Transition Cohort Study were used. A total of 5031 participants were included in the final analysis. Three consecutive 24 h recalls were used to collect dietary consumption data. We calculated average daily vegetables and fruits intake. Then compared with recommended intake level of Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents(2016). Logistic regression was applied to analyze key factors affecting the consumption of vegetables and fruits intake. RESULTS The overall prevalence of vegetables and fruits consumption among elderly adults in 15 provinces were 99.5% and 39.7%. The P50 vegetables intake was 242.3 g/d, and the The P75 fruits intake was 64.8 g/d. The logistic analysis showed that the group of male, 60-79 years old and urban residents had more possibility consumed vegetables recommened. The group of high income level and urban residents had more possibility consumed fruits recommened. CONCLUSION Fruits consumption rate was low among Chinese elderly adults. The intake was insufficient. Vegetables consumption rate was high. However, the intake of dark vegetables was very low. Gender, age and area were key factors that influenced vegetabels consumpiton of the elderly. For fruits, the key factors were income level and area.
OBJECTIVE To examine vegetables and fruits consumption in a sample of elderly Chinese. METHODS Samples from 2015 China Nutritional Transition Cohort Study were used. A total of 5031 participants were included in the final analysis. Three consecutive 24 h recalls were used to collect dietary consumption data. We calculated average daily vegetables and fruits intake. Then compared with recommended intake level of Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents(2016). Logistic regression was applied to analyze key factors affecting the consumption of vegetables and fruits intake. RESULTS The overall prevalence of vegetables and fruits consumption among elderly adults in 15 provinces were 99.5% and 39.7%. The P50 vegetables intake was 242.3 g/d, and the The P75 fruits intake was 64.8 g/d. The logistic analysis showed that the group of male, 60-79 years old and urban residents had more possibility consumed vegetables recommened. The group of high income level and urban residents had more possibility consumed fruits recommened. CONCLUSION Fruits consumption rate was low among Chinese elderly adults. The intake was insufficient. Vegetables consumption rate was high. However, the intake of dark vegetables was very low. Gender, age and area were key factors that influenced vegetabels consumpiton of the elderly. For fruits, the key factors were income level and area.
引文
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[12] 陈竞,胡贻椿,杨春,等. 2010—2012年中国农村老年人维生素A营养状况[J]. 卫生研究, 2017,46(3): 356-361.
[13] 胡贻椿,陈竞,李敏,等. 2010—2012年中国城市居民贫血状况研究[J]. 中华预防医学杂志, 2016, 50(3): 213-216.
[14] 何宇纳,赵丽云,于冬梅,等. 2010—2012年中国成年居民蔬菜和水果摄入状况[J]. 中华预防医学杂志, 2016, 50(3):221-224.
[2] AUNE D, GIOVANNUCCI E, BOFFETTA P, et al. Fruit and vegetable intake and the risk of cardiovascular disease, total cancer and all-cause mortality-a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies[J]. Int J Epidemiol, 2017, 46(3):1029-1056.
[3] TAKATA Y, XIANG Y, YANG G, et al. Intakes of fruits, vegetables, and related vitamins and lung cancer risk: results from the Shanghai Men's Health Study (2002-2009)[J]. Nutr Cancer, 2013, 65(1):51-61.
[4] 中国营养学会. 食物与健康:科学证据共识[M]. 北京:人民卫生出版社, 2016:77.
[5] 严亚琼. 原发性肝癌危险因素及其与凋亡相关基因的风险研究[D]. 武汉:武汉大学,2005:36.
[6] 吴春涛,刘铁楠,马立国,等. 煤矿工人胃癌发病危险因素的流行病学研究[J]. 现代预防医学, 2010, 37(8):1423-1425.
[7] 谭淼,熊文婧,朱宗玉,等. 中国人群食管癌发病影响因素的系统综述和Meta分析[J]. 现代预防医学, 2014, 41(23): 4310-4316.
[8] 中国营养学会. 中国居民膳食指南(2016)[M].北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2016:57-60.
[9] 常继乐,王宇. 中国居民营养与健康状况监测(2010—2013年综合报告)[M].北京: 北京大学医学出版社, 2016:30.
[10] POPKIN B M, DU S F, ZHAI F Y, et al. Cohort profile: the China Health and Nutrition Survey—monitoring and understanding socio-economic and health change in China, 1989-2011[J]. Int J Epidemiol, 2010, 39(6): 1435-1440.
[11] ZHANG B, ZHAI F Y, DU S F, et al. The China Health and Nutrition Survey, 1989-2011[J]. Obes Rev, 2014, 15(Suppl 1): 2-7.
[12] 陈竞,胡贻椿,杨春,等. 2010—2012年中国农村老年人维生素A营养状况[J]. 卫生研究, 2017,46(3): 356-361.
[13] 胡贻椿,陈竞,李敏,等. 2010—2012年中国城市居民贫血状况研究[J]. 中华预防医学杂志, 2016, 50(3): 213-216.
[14] 何宇纳,赵丽云,于冬梅,等. 2010—2012年中国成年居民蔬菜和水果摄入状况[J]. 中华预防医学杂志, 2016, 50(3):221-224.