气田加热炉腐蚀机理及防腐措施研究
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摘要
针对某气田加热炉,进行水质以及腐蚀产物垢样分析,平均腐蚀速率达到0.268 8 mm/a,加热炉用水总矿化度为339.92 mg/L,导致加热炉腐蚀、结垢现象严重。确定出加热炉腐蚀主要为均匀腐蚀、溃疡状腐蚀和斑点腐蚀。为解决这些问题,分析了加热炉内氧腐蚀以及酸腐蚀的腐蚀机理,并在试验的基础上提出了加热炉防腐措施,即对五种酸洗缓蚀剂以及缓蚀阻垢剂进行评价筛选实验,给出了防腐配方:10%盐酸+1%SH-129,其中盐酸具有润湿性、促进解垢作用和渗透作用;复合SH-129缓蚀剂具有点腐蚀抑制剂、轻质开裂抑制剂和还原辅助剂。试验取得满意的效果,腐蚀速率均在0.076 mm/a以下,缓蚀率达到97.32%。筛选出SG-200阻垢剂,在pH值为12.07,其阻垢率为96.81%。在此基础上设计了加热炉的防腐防垢方案,为下一步工作和其他油气田企业提供借鉴。
In a gas heating furnace,the water quality and the analysis of the corrosion product scale sample,the average corrosion rate to 0. 2688 mm / a,the heating furnace water total salinity of 339. 92 mg / L,lead to serious corrosion and fouling of heating furnace. Determine the corrosion of heating furnace is mainly for the uniform corrosion,ulcer corrosion and corrosion spots. In order to solve these problems,this paper analyses the corrosion mechanism of the oxygen corrosion and acid corrosion in the heating furnace,and on the basis of the experimental furnace anticorrosion measures are put forward,five kinds of acid pickling corrosion inhibitors and evaluate the corrosion scale inhibitor screening experimented,anticorrosive formulation is given: 10% hydrochloric acid + 1% of SH- 129, including hydrochloric acid has wettability,promote the solution scale and osmosis; Compound SH-129 corrosion inhibitor with pitting corrosion inhibitors,lightweight cracking inhibitor and reduction of auxiliary agent. Satisfactory effect of test,corrosion rate is below 0. 076 mm / a,the corrosion rate of 97. 32%. Filter SG- 200 scale inhibitors,the PH value of 12. 07,its scale inhibition rate was 96. 81%. Base on the design of the heating furnace of anticorrosive anti- scaling scheme,and other oil- gas field enterprises to provide reference for future work.
In a gas heating furnace,the water quality and the analysis of the corrosion product scale sample,the average corrosion rate to 0. 2688 mm / a,the heating furnace water total salinity of 339. 92 mg / L,lead to serious corrosion and fouling of heating furnace. Determine the corrosion of heating furnace is mainly for the uniform corrosion,ulcer corrosion and corrosion spots. In order to solve these problems,this paper analyses the corrosion mechanism of the oxygen corrosion and acid corrosion in the heating furnace,and on the basis of the experimental furnace anticorrosion measures are put forward,five kinds of acid pickling corrosion inhibitors and evaluate the corrosion scale inhibitor screening experimented,anticorrosive formulation is given: 10% hydrochloric acid + 1% of SH- 129, including hydrochloric acid has wettability,promote the solution scale and osmosis; Compound SH-129 corrosion inhibitor with pitting corrosion inhibitors,lightweight cracking inhibitor and reduction of auxiliary agent. Satisfactory effect of test,corrosion rate is below 0. 076 mm / a,the corrosion rate of 97. 32%. Filter SG- 200 scale inhibitors,the PH value of 12. 07,its scale inhibition rate was 96. 81%. Base on the design of the heating furnace of anticorrosive anti- scaling scheme,and other oil- gas field enterprises to provide reference for future work.
引文
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[10]杨志刚,张宁生,吴新民,王新强.天然气加热炉清洗与缓蚀阻垢技术研究(Ⅰ)——清洗与钝化[J].天然气工业,2005,25(4):16-163.
[11]张园,李稳宏,胡兴民,李冬,廖昌建,李珍.天然气加热炉腐蚀机理及其防护研究[J].腐蚀科学与防护技术,2009,21(3):327-329.
[12]王树术,刘春艳,王丽娜.某加热炉空气预热器结垢及腐蚀原因分析[J].腐蚀与防护,2010,31(1):59-61.
[13]徐文杰,曾黎,李政军,孙成,许进.筒式加热炉腐蚀损坏原因分析[J].腐蚀科学与防护技术,2006,18(6):451-453.
[14]国家石油和化学工业局发布.SY/T 5273—2000油田采出水用缓蚀剂性能评价方法[S].北京:石油工业出版社,2000.
[15]国家能源局发布.SY/T0600—1997油田水结垢趋势预测[S].北京:石油工业出版社,2010.
[2]油气田腐蚀与防护技术手册编委会.油气田腐蚀与防护技术手册[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1999.
[3]寇杰,梁法春,陈婧.油气管道腐蚀与防护[M].北京:中国石化出版社,2008.
[4]崔之健,史秀敏,李又录.油气储运设施腐蚀与防护[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2009.
[5]Refait P,Mement J B,Bon C,et al.Formation of the Fe(Ⅱ)-Fe(Ⅲ)hydroxysulphate green rust during marine corrosion of steel[J].Corros.Sci.,2003,45(4):833-845.
[6]Dunnwald J,Otto A.An investigation of phase transitions in rust layers using raman spectroscopy[J].Corros.Sci.,1989,29(9):1167-1176.
[7]Garcia K E,Morales A L,Barrero C A,et al.New contributions to the understanding of rust layer formation in steels exposed to a total immersion test[J].Corros.Sci.,2006,48(9):2813-2842.
[8]中华人民共和国国家发展和改革委员会发布.SY/T0087.1—2006钢制管道及储罐腐蚀评价标准[S].北京:石油工业出版社,2006.
[9]中国石油天然气总公司发布.SY/T 5329—2012碎屑岩油藏注水水质推荐指标及分析方法[S].北京:石油工业出版社,2012.
[10]杨志刚,张宁生,吴新民,王新强.天然气加热炉清洗与缓蚀阻垢技术研究(Ⅰ)——清洗与钝化[J].天然气工业,2005,25(4):16-163.
[11]张园,李稳宏,胡兴民,李冬,廖昌建,李珍.天然气加热炉腐蚀机理及其防护研究[J].腐蚀科学与防护技术,2009,21(3):327-329.
[12]王树术,刘春艳,王丽娜.某加热炉空气预热器结垢及腐蚀原因分析[J].腐蚀与防护,2010,31(1):59-61.
[13]徐文杰,曾黎,李政军,孙成,许进.筒式加热炉腐蚀损坏原因分析[J].腐蚀科学与防护技术,2006,18(6):451-453.
[14]国家石油和化学工业局发布.SY/T 5273—2000油田采出水用缓蚀剂性能评价方法[S].北京:石油工业出版社,2000.
[15]国家能源局发布.SY/T0600—1997油田水结垢趋势预测[S].北京:石油工业出版社,2010.