斑翅果蝇和黑腹果蝇对醋酸耐受性的比较分析
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摘要
斑翅果蝇和黑腹果蝇是重要的果实害虫,但两者的取食偏好性差异明显。为了明确在醋酸胁迫条件下斑翅果蝇和黑腹果蝇的耐受性差异,设置两种果蝇成虫取食不同醋酸含量的人工饲料,不同时间后观察其死亡率的变化,并计算特定时间下的LC_(50)。结果表明,随着醋酸含量增加和处理时间延长,黑腹果蝇和斑翅果蝇的死亡率逐渐增加,但相同醋酸含量、相同处理时间内,斑翅果蝇的死亡率高于黑腹果蝇;随着处理时间的延长,两种果蝇的LC_(50)逐渐降低,且在相同处理时间下,黑腹果蝇的LC_(50)明显高于斑翅果蝇。因此,黑腹果蝇对醋酸的耐受性明显高于斑翅果蝇。
Drosophila suzukii and D. melanogaster are important pests with different feeding preference.In order to make clear the discrepancy in tolerance to environmental acetic acid,we assessed mortality of D.suzukii and D. melanogaster after feeding artificial diet with different contents of acetic acid. The LC50 was also calculated at specific exposing time. The results showed that the mortality of the two Drosophila species was ever-increasing with the increase of acetic acid content and exposing time. However,the mortality of D. melanogaster was higher than that of D. suzukii under the same content of acetic acid and exposing time. The LC50 of D. melanogaster and D. suzukii adults decreased gradually with the increase of exposing time. Moreover,the LC50 of D. melanogaster was higher than that of D. suzukii under the same time. Therefore,D. melanogaster had higher tolerance to environmental acetic acid than D. suzukii.
Drosophila suzukii and D. melanogaster are important pests with different feeding preference.In order to make clear the discrepancy in tolerance to environmental acetic acid,we assessed mortality of D.suzukii and D. melanogaster after feeding artificial diet with different contents of acetic acid. The LC50 was also calculated at specific exposing time. The results showed that the mortality of the two Drosophila species was ever-increasing with the increase of acetic acid content and exposing time. However,the mortality of D. melanogaster was higher than that of D. suzukii under the same content of acetic acid and exposing time. The LC50 of D. melanogaster and D. suzukii adults decreased gradually with the increase of exposing time. Moreover,the LC50 of D. melanogaster was higher than that of D. suzukii under the same time. Therefore,D. melanogaster had higher tolerance to environmental acetic acid than D. suzukii.
引文
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[2]Atallah J,Teixeira,L,Salazar R,et al.The making of a pest:the evolution of a fruit-penetrating ovipositor in Drosophila suzukii and related species[J].Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B,Biological Sciences,2014,281:20132840.doi:10.1098/rspb.2013.2840.
[3]Mitsui H,Takahashi H K,Kimura M T.Spatial distributions and clutch sizes of Drosophila species ovipositing on cherry fruits of different stages[J].Population Ecology,2006,48:233-237.
[4]Becher P G,Flick G,Rozpedowska E.Yeast,not fruit volatiles mediate Drosophila melanogaster attraction,oviposition and development[J].Functional Ecology,2012,26:822-828.
[5]Gibson J B,May T W,Wilks A V.Genetic variation at the alcohol dehydrogenase locus in Drosophila melanogaster in relation to environmental variation:ethanol levels in breeding sites and allozyme frequencies[J].Oecologia,1981,51:191-198.
[6]Mckechnie S W,Morgan P.Alcohol dehydrogenase polymorphism of Drosophila melanogaster:aspects of alcohol and temperature variation in the larval environment[J].Australian Journal of Biological Science,1982,35:85-93.
[7]Milan N F,Kacsoh B Z,Schlenke T A.Alcohol consumption as self-medication against blood-borne parasites in the fruit fly[J].Curr.Biol.,2012,22:488-493.
[8]Devineni A V,Heberlein U.The evolution of Drosophila melanogaster as a model for alcohol research[J].Annual Review of Neuroscience,2013,36:121-138.
[9]Deitrich R A.Acetaldehyde:déjàvu du jour[J].Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs,2004,65:557-572.
[10]Begon M.Yeasts and Drosophila[C]//The genetics and biology of Drosophila.London:Academic Press,1983:345-384.
[11]翟一凡,于毅,周仙红,等.一种供试铃木氏果蝇的人工饲养方法,中国,201410163572.1[P].2014-04-22.
[12]Bourtzis K,Miller T A.Insect symbiosis,contemporary topics in entomology[M].FL:CRC Press,2009.
[13]Douglas A E.The microbial dimension in insect nutritional ecology[J].Functional Ecology,2009,23:38-47.
[14]Fischer C,Trautman E P,Crawford J M.Metabolite exchange between microbiome members produces compounds that influence Drosophila behavior[J].Elife,2017,6:e18855.doi:10.7554/e Life.18855.
[15]高欢欢,翟一凡,陈浩,等.斑翅果蝇和黑腹果蝇侵害的葡萄微生物多样性的动态变化[J].应用昆虫学报,2017,54(2):309-316.
[16]Ryu J H,Kim S H,Lee H Y.Innate immune homeostasis by the homeobox gene caudal and commensal-gut mutualism in Drosophila[J].Science,2008,319:777-782.