黄河三角洲地区刺参胚胎及幼体发育形态观察
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摘要
为提高刺参育苗技术,通过人工催产,对黄河三角洲地区养殖刺参的胚胎和幼体发育过程进行了研究,观察了刺参从受精卵发育到稚参的形态变化,在显微镜下测定了受精卵、胚胎和幼体的大小。试验结果:利用阴干流水刺激法对成熟亲参进行人工催产,其受精率达95%以上;在水温22℃、盐度30、pH 7.8的条件下,受精卵经7～9 h发育成囊胚,12 h进入旋转囊胚期,22 h进入原肠期,42～48 h完成胚胎发育,变态为耳状幼体,经10 d的生长发育进入樽形幼体期,经16 d变态为稚参。结果表明,刺参幼体的健康状况与其水体腔和胃部的生长发育状况密切相关,水体腔和胃部发育良好,有利于幼体的变态,提高存活率。
引文
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[16]胡利华,周朝生,吴洪喜,等.温度和盐度对南移养殖刺参(Apostichopus japonicus)胚胎和幼体发育的影响[J].宁波大学学报(理工版),2015,28(1):8-14.
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[19]DAUTOV S.Structure and properties of hyaline spheres in holothuroid larvae[J].Invertebrate Reproduction and Development,1997,32(2):155-161.
[2]隋锡林,廖玉麟.海参增养殖[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1985:3-16.
[3]樊绘曾.海参:海中人参——关于海参及其成分保健医疗功能的研究与开发[J].中国海洋药物,2001,20(4):37-44.
[4]孙新明,代远玲,孙弋.体外受精过程中多精受精发生机制[J].井冈山学院学报(自然科学版),2007,28(6):76-79.
[5]NIWA K,PARK C K,OKUDA K.Penetration in vitro of bovine oocytes during maturation by frozen-thawed spermatozoa[J].Journal of Reproduction and Fertility,1991,91(1):329-336.
[6]严俊贤,王世锋,周永灿,等.糙海参胚胎和幼体发育的形态观察[J].水产学报,2012,36(7):1073-1080.
[7]谭杰,孙慧玲,高菲,等.刺参受精及早期胚胎发育过程的细胞学观察[J].水产学报,2012,36(2):272-277.
[8]夏斌,任贻超,王永香,等.加利福尼亚红刺参胚胎及幼体发育过程[J].水产学报,2017,41(2):221-229.
[9]MORGAN A D.Assessment of egg and larval quality during hatchery production of the temperate sea cucumber,Australostichopus mollis(Levin)[J].Journal of the World Aquaculture Society,2009,40(5):629-642.
[10]常亚青,丁君,宋坚,等.海参、海胆生物学研究与养殖[M].北京:海洋出版社,2004:67-68.
[11]朱峰.仿刺参Apostichopus japonicus胚胎发育和主要系统的组织学研究[D]青岛:中国海洋大学,2009.
[12]LOUGH R G,GONOR J J.Early embryonic stages of Adula californiensis(Pelecypoda:Mytilidae) and the effect of temperature and salinity on developmental rate[J].Marine Biology,1971,8(2):118-125.
[13]DOWNING S L,ALLEN S K.Induced triploidy in the Pacific oyster,Crassostrea gigas:optimal treatments with cytochalasin B depend on temperature[J].Aquaculture,1987,61(1):1-15.
[14]SANTOS A E D,NASCIMENTO I A.Influence of gamete density,salinity and temperature on the normal embryonic development of the mangrove oyster Crassostrea rhizophorae Guilding,1828[J].Aquaculture,1985,47(4):335-352.
[15]DESROSIERS R R,DESILETS J,DUBE F.Early developmental events following fertilization in the giant scallop Placopecten magellanicus[J].Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences,1996,53(6):1382-1392.
[16]胡利华,周朝生,吴洪喜,等.温度和盐度对南移养殖刺参(Apostichopus japonicus)胚胎和幼体发育的影响[J].宁波大学学报(理工版),2015,28(1):8-14.
[17]EUDELINE B E,ALLEN S K,GUO X.Delayed meiosis and polar body release in eggs of triploid Pacific oyster,Crassostrea gigas,in relation to tetraploid production[J].Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology,2000,248(2):151-161.
[18]MATSUMOTO Y,KOMINAMI T,ISHIKAWA M.Timers in early development of sea urchin embryos[J].Development,Growth and Differentiation,1988,30(5):543-552.
[19]DAUTOV S.Structure and properties of hyaline spheres in holothuroid larvae[J].Invertebrate Reproduction and Development,1997,32(2):155-161.