华南北部湾盆地的形成机制
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摘要
从北部湾盆地的区域地质构造背景、几何形态、边界断裂及内部断裂特征解析,综合沉积中心迁移规律及盆内构造研究,提出北部湾盆地为右行右阶走滑拉分成因。盆地的形成和发展受控于合浦北流、信宜廉江、吴川四会和阳江河源4条深大断裂带,这4条主干断裂带构成右阶断裂格架。古近系出现的花状构造等表现出典型的张扭特征,新近系受到压扭作用改造发生挤压反转,该盆地构造演化过程与华南大陆中、新生代拉分盆地具有同期性和相似性。中生代基底中先存的深大走滑断裂带是新生代北部湾盆地形成的先决地质条件。而印度澳大利亚板块对欧亚板块碰撞挤压作用的逐渐增强和太平洋板块俯冲方向的改变及俯冲作用的衰减是控制北部湾盆地形成演化的区域大地构造因素。
The formation model of pull apart with stepwise dextral strike-slipping of the Beibuwan basin is proposed based on its regional geological background,geometric pattern,basinal boundaries,faulting in the basin,migration of depocenter and internal structures in the basin.The formation and development of the basin is controlled by right stepping fault pattern composed of the Hepu-Beiliu,the Xinyi-Lianjiang,the Wuchuan-Sihui and the Yangjiang-Heyuan fault belts.Flower-like structures developed in the Paleogene show that the basin experienced transtension and consequent structural inversion under transpression in Neogene.This mechanism is simultaneous and similar with MesozoicCenozoic pull-apart basins in South China.The pre-existing deep-seated strike-slipping faults in the basement of the basin are the precedent geological conditions for the formation of the Beibuwan basin inCenozoic.However,the fundamental factors controlling the formation of the Beibuwan basin are gradual increase of collision of the Indian-Australia to the Eurasia plates coupled with the subduction of the Pacific Plate.
The formation model of pull apart with stepwise dextral strike-slipping of the Beibuwan basin is proposed based on its regional geological background,geometric pattern,basinal boundaries,faulting in the basin,migration of depocenter and internal structures in the basin.The formation and development of the basin is controlled by right stepping fault pattern composed of the Hepu-Beiliu,the Xinyi-Lianjiang,the Wuchuan-Sihui and the Yangjiang-Heyuan fault belts.Flower-like structures developed in the Paleogene show that the basin experienced transtension and consequent structural inversion under transpression in Neogene.This mechanism is simultaneous and similar with MesozoicCenozoic pull-apart basins in South China.The pre-existing deep-seated strike-slipping faults in the basement of the basin are the precedent geological conditions for the formation of the Beibuwan basin inCenozoic.However,the fundamental factors controlling the formation of the Beibuwan basin are gradual increase of collision of the Indian-Australia to the Eurasia plates coupled with the subduction of the Pacific Plate.
引文
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