父母因素、抵制效能感与青少年新媒介依赖行为的关系
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摘要
以500名青少年手机拥有者为被试,采用问卷调查法考察青少年新媒介依赖(包括网络和手机依赖)的特点,并探讨父母因素和抵制效能感对青少年新媒介依赖的预测作用。结果发现:(1)40%的青少年至少存在边缘网络成瘾行为,19.8%的青少年为手机依赖者。青少年网络成瘾和手机依赖这两种新媒介依赖行为间具有显著的关联性,46.4%的青少年存在至少一种新媒介依赖行为。(2)青少年新媒介依赖行为与其抵制效能感、父母行为/态度及父母行为监控显著相关。青少年抵制效能感在父母行为/态度与青少年新媒介依赖行为之间起到完全中介的作用,在父母行为监控与青少年新媒介依赖行为间起到部分中介的作用。研究结果对提高青少年新媒介依赖行为预防干预活动的有效性和针对性具有重要的指导意义。
A sample of 500 students who claimed cell phone ownership were recruited to explore the characteristics of new media dependence (including internet addiction and cell-phone dependence) and its association with parental factors and refusal self-efficacy. Results showed: (1) There were 40% and 19.8% of adolescents respectively found to be marginal internet addicts and cell-phone dependents. In addition, 46.4% of adolescent reported at least one kind of dependent behaviors. Significant association was found between the two kinds of new media dependence behaviors. (2) New media dependence behaviors were significantly associated with refusal self-efficacy, parental attitudes towards dependence behaviors and parental monitoring. Refusal self-efficacy completely mediated the effect of parental behaviors and attitudes on adolescent new media dependence behavior. In addition, refusal self-efficacy partially mediated the effect of parental monitoring on adolescent new media dependence behaviors. The implications of designing effective adolescent new media dependence behaviors prevention intervention program were also addressed in the present study.
A sample of 500 students who claimed cell phone ownership were recruited to explore the characteristics of new media dependence (including internet addiction and cell-phone dependence) and its association with parental factors and refusal self-efficacy. Results showed: (1) There were 40% and 19.8% of adolescents respectively found to be marginal internet addicts and cell-phone dependents. In addition, 46.4% of adolescent reported at least one kind of dependent behaviors. Significant association was found between the two kinds of new media dependence behaviors. (2) New media dependence behaviors were significantly associated with refusal self-efficacy, parental attitudes towards dependence behaviors and parental monitoring. Refusal self-efficacy completely mediated the effect of parental behaviors and attitudes on adolescent new media dependence behavior. In addition, refusal self-efficacy partially mediated the effect of parental monitoring on adolescent new media dependence behaviors. The implications of designing effective adolescent new media dependence behaviors prevention intervention program were also addressed in the present study.
引文
Bandura,A.(1997).A self-efficacy Toward a unifying theory ofbehavior change,Psychological Reviwe,84(3),191-215.
Bandura,A.(2003).Social cognitive theory.In An Introduction toTheories of Personality,Ewen,R.B.ed.,pp.365-386,LawrenceErlbaun Associates,Mahwa,NJ.
Bianchi,A.,&Phillips,J.G.(2005).Psychological predictors ofproblem mobile phone use.Cyber psychology&Behavior,8(1),29-42.
Campbell,J.M.,&Oei,T.P.S.(2010).A cognitive model for theintergenerational transference of alcohol use behavior.AddictiveBehaviors,35(2),73-83.
Chang,M.K.,&Law,S.P.M.(2008).Factor structure for Young’s Internet Addiction Test:A confirmatory study.Computers in HumanBehavior,24(6),2597-2619.
Ezoe,S.,Toda,M.,Toda,M.,Naritomi,A.,De,R.,&Morimoto,K.(2009).Relationships of personality and lifestyle with mobilephone dependence among female nursing students.Social behavior andpersonality,37(2),231-238.
Goldberg,I.(1995).Internet addictive disorder(IAD)diagnosticcriteria.Retrieved from http://www.psycom.net/iadcriteria.html.
Ha,J.H.,Chin,B.,Park,D.H.,Ryu,S.H.,&Yu,J.(2008).Characteristics of excessive cellular phone use in Korean adolescents.Cyber Psychology and Behavior,11(6),783-785.
Keller,S.,Maddock,J.E.,Hannver,W.,Thyrian,J.R.,&Basler,H.D.(2007).Multiple health risk behaviors in German firstyear university students.Preventive Medicine,46(3),189-195.
Krohn,M.D.,Massey,J.L.,Skinner,W.F.,&Lauer,R.M.(1983).Social Bonding Theory and Adolescent Cigarette Smoking:ALongitudinal Analysis.Journal of Health and Social Behavior,24(4),337-349.
Krohn,M.D.,Skinner,W.F.,Massey,J.L.,&Akers.R.L.(1985).Social Learning Theory and Adolescent Cigarette Smoking:ALongitudinal Study.Social Problems,32(5),455-473.
Leena,K.,&Arja,R.(2005).Intensity of mobile phone use andhealth compromising behaviors:how is information and communicationtechnology connected to health-related life style in adolescence.Journal of adolescent,28(1),35-47.
Leung,L.(2008).Linking Psychological Attributes to Addiction andImproper Use of the Mobile Phone among Adolescents in Hong Kong.Journal of Children and Media,2(2),93-113.
Li,X.,Fang,X.,Stanton,B.,Su,L.,&Wu,Y.(2003).Parentalmonitoring among adolescents in Beijing,China.Journal of AdolescentHealth,33(2),130-132.
Lin,C.H.,Lin,S.L.,&Wu,C.P.(2009).The effects ofparental monitoring and leisure boredom on adolescents’internetaddiction.Adolescence,44(176),993-1004.
Li,C.,Pentz,M.A.,&Chou,C.P.(2002).Parental substanceuse as a modifier of adolescent substance use risk.Addiction,79(12),1537-1550.
Lin,S.S.J.,&Tsai,C.C.(2002).Sensation seeking and internetdependence of Taiwanese high school adolescents.Computers inHuman Behavior,18(4),411-426.
Oei,T.P.S.,&Jardim,C.L.(2007).Alcohol expectancies,drinking refusal self-efficacy and drinking behaviour in Asian andAustralian students.Drug and Alcohol Dependence,87(2-3),281-287.
Park,S.K.,Kim,J.Y.,&Cho,C.B.(2008).Prevalence ofInternet Addiction and Correlations with Family Factors among SouthKorean Adolescents.Adolescence,43(172),895-904.
Prochaska,J.O.(2008).Multiple Health Behavior Researchrepresents the future of preventive medicine.Preventive Medicine,46(3),281-285.
Rees,H.,&Noyes,J.M.(2007).Mobile Telephones,Computers,and the Internet:Sex Differences in Adolescents’Use and Attitudes.Cyber psychology&Behavior,10(3),482-484.
Scholte,R.,Poelen,E.,Willemsen,G.,Boomsma.D.,&Engels,R.(2008).Relative risks of adolescent and young adult alcohol use:the role of drinking fathers,mothers,siblings and friends.AdditiveBehaviors,33(1),1-16.
Sterling,L.S.,Diamond,P.M.,Mullen,P.D.,Pallonen,U.,Ford,K.H.,&McAlister,A.L.(2007).Smoking-related self-efficacy,beliefs,and intention:Assessing factorial validity andstructural relationships in9th～12th grade current smokers.AddictiveBehaviors,32(9),1863-1876.
Watkins,J.A.,Howard-Barr,E.M.,Moore,M.J.,&Werch,C.C.(2006).The mediating role of adolescent self-efficacy in therelationship between parental practices and adolescent alcohol use.Journal of Adolescent Health,38(4),448-450.
Wills,T.A.,Gibbons,F.X.,Gerrard,M.,Murry,V.M.,&Brody,G.H.(2003).Family communication and religiosity relatedto substance use and sexual behavior in early adolescence:a test forpathways through self-control and prototype perceptions.Psychology ofAddictive Behaviors,17(4),312-323.
Yen,C.F.,Tang,T.C.,Yen,J.Y.,Lin,H.C.,Huang,C.F.,Liu,S.C.,et al.(2009).Symptoms of problematic cellular phoneuse,functional impairment and it association with depression amongadolescents in Southern Taiwan.Journal of Adolescence,32(4),863-873.
Zhang,J.,Fang,X.,Wan,J.,&Deng,Y.(in press).Internetfunction,refusal self-efficacy and internet addiction amongundergraduate students in China.
邓林园,方晓义,李一飞,万晶晶.(2006).父母监控与青少年的问题行为.应用心理学,12(4),305-311.
高文斌,陈祉妍.(2006).网络成瘾病理心理机制及综合心理干预研究.心理科学进展,14(4),596-603.
方晓义,郑宇,林丹华.(2001).家庭诸因素与初中生吸烟行为的关系.心理学报,33(3),244-250.
黄林娟,林丹华.(2011).中学生手机心理需求研究.中国青年政治报,30(5),35-40.
李满林,刘晓红.(2007).青少年网络成瘾的危害及干预.中国心理卫生协会第五届学术研讨会论文集.
林丹华,方晓义,李晓铭.(2005).环境和个体因素与青少年吸烟行为的发生.心理科学,31(2),304-306.
林丹华,杨阿丽,王芳,Xiaoming Li,张琢诗.(2009).工读学校学生的物质滥用行为及其关键影响因素分析.心理发展与教育,25(4),101-108.
罗喆慧,万晶晶,刘勤学,方晓义.(2010).大学生网络使用网络特定自我效能与网络成瘾的关系.心理发展与教育,26(6),618-626.
师建国.(2009).手机依赖综合征.临床精神医学杂志,19(2),138-139.
易丽平.(2011).新媒体环境下受众媒介依赖的原因探析.今传媒,2,90-91.
赵亭.(2007).青少年“新媒介依赖”病态心理透析.信息管理,(5),185-187.
中国互联网络信息中心(CNNIC).第28次中国互联网络发展状况统计报告.2011年7月.
中国青少年网络协会.2009年中国青少年网瘾数据报告.2010年.
Bandura,A.(2003).Social cognitive theory.In An Introduction toTheories of Personality,Ewen,R.B.ed.,pp.365-386,LawrenceErlbaun Associates,Mahwa,NJ.
Bianchi,A.,&Phillips,J.G.(2005).Psychological predictors ofproblem mobile phone use.Cyber psychology&Behavior,8(1),29-42.
Campbell,J.M.,&Oei,T.P.S.(2010).A cognitive model for theintergenerational transference of alcohol use behavior.AddictiveBehaviors,35(2),73-83.
Chang,M.K.,&Law,S.P.M.(2008).Factor structure for Young’s Internet Addiction Test:A confirmatory study.Computers in HumanBehavior,24(6),2597-2619.
Ezoe,S.,Toda,M.,Toda,M.,Naritomi,A.,De,R.,&Morimoto,K.(2009).Relationships of personality and lifestyle with mobilephone dependence among female nursing students.Social behavior andpersonality,37(2),231-238.
Goldberg,I.(1995).Internet addictive disorder(IAD)diagnosticcriteria.Retrieved from http://www.psycom.net/iadcriteria.html.
Ha,J.H.,Chin,B.,Park,D.H.,Ryu,S.H.,&Yu,J.(2008).Characteristics of excessive cellular phone use in Korean adolescents.Cyber Psychology and Behavior,11(6),783-785.
Keller,S.,Maddock,J.E.,Hannver,W.,Thyrian,J.R.,&Basler,H.D.(2007).Multiple health risk behaviors in German firstyear university students.Preventive Medicine,46(3),189-195.
Krohn,M.D.,Massey,J.L.,Skinner,W.F.,&Lauer,R.M.(1983).Social Bonding Theory and Adolescent Cigarette Smoking:ALongitudinal Analysis.Journal of Health and Social Behavior,24(4),337-349.
Krohn,M.D.,Skinner,W.F.,Massey,J.L.,&Akers.R.L.(1985).Social Learning Theory and Adolescent Cigarette Smoking:ALongitudinal Study.Social Problems,32(5),455-473.
Leena,K.,&Arja,R.(2005).Intensity of mobile phone use andhealth compromising behaviors:how is information and communicationtechnology connected to health-related life style in adolescence.Journal of adolescent,28(1),35-47.
Leung,L.(2008).Linking Psychological Attributes to Addiction andImproper Use of the Mobile Phone among Adolescents in Hong Kong.Journal of Children and Media,2(2),93-113.
Li,X.,Fang,X.,Stanton,B.,Su,L.,&Wu,Y.(2003).Parentalmonitoring among adolescents in Beijing,China.Journal of AdolescentHealth,33(2),130-132.
Lin,C.H.,Lin,S.L.,&Wu,C.P.(2009).The effects ofparental monitoring and leisure boredom on adolescents’internetaddiction.Adolescence,44(176),993-1004.
Li,C.,Pentz,M.A.,&Chou,C.P.(2002).Parental substanceuse as a modifier of adolescent substance use risk.Addiction,79(12),1537-1550.
Lin,S.S.J.,&Tsai,C.C.(2002).Sensation seeking and internetdependence of Taiwanese high school adolescents.Computers inHuman Behavior,18(4),411-426.
Oei,T.P.S.,&Jardim,C.L.(2007).Alcohol expectancies,drinking refusal self-efficacy and drinking behaviour in Asian andAustralian students.Drug and Alcohol Dependence,87(2-3),281-287.
Park,S.K.,Kim,J.Y.,&Cho,C.B.(2008).Prevalence ofInternet Addiction and Correlations with Family Factors among SouthKorean Adolescents.Adolescence,43(172),895-904.
Prochaska,J.O.(2008).Multiple Health Behavior Researchrepresents the future of preventive medicine.Preventive Medicine,46(3),281-285.
Rees,H.,&Noyes,J.M.(2007).Mobile Telephones,Computers,and the Internet:Sex Differences in Adolescents’Use and Attitudes.Cyber psychology&Behavior,10(3),482-484.
Scholte,R.,Poelen,E.,Willemsen,G.,Boomsma.D.,&Engels,R.(2008).Relative risks of adolescent and young adult alcohol use:the role of drinking fathers,mothers,siblings and friends.AdditiveBehaviors,33(1),1-16.
Sterling,L.S.,Diamond,P.M.,Mullen,P.D.,Pallonen,U.,Ford,K.H.,&McAlister,A.L.(2007).Smoking-related self-efficacy,beliefs,and intention:Assessing factorial validity andstructural relationships in9th～12th grade current smokers.AddictiveBehaviors,32(9),1863-1876.
Watkins,J.A.,Howard-Barr,E.M.,Moore,M.J.,&Werch,C.C.(2006).The mediating role of adolescent self-efficacy in therelationship between parental practices and adolescent alcohol use.Journal of Adolescent Health,38(4),448-450.
Wills,T.A.,Gibbons,F.X.,Gerrard,M.,Murry,V.M.,&Brody,G.H.(2003).Family communication and religiosity relatedto substance use and sexual behavior in early adolescence:a test forpathways through self-control and prototype perceptions.Psychology ofAddictive Behaviors,17(4),312-323.
Yen,C.F.,Tang,T.C.,Yen,J.Y.,Lin,H.C.,Huang,C.F.,Liu,S.C.,et al.(2009).Symptoms of problematic cellular phoneuse,functional impairment and it association with depression amongadolescents in Southern Taiwan.Journal of Adolescence,32(4),863-873.
Zhang,J.,Fang,X.,Wan,J.,&Deng,Y.(in press).Internetfunction,refusal self-efficacy and internet addiction amongundergraduate students in China.
邓林园,方晓义,李一飞,万晶晶.(2006).父母监控与青少年的问题行为.应用心理学,12(4),305-311.
高文斌,陈祉妍.(2006).网络成瘾病理心理机制及综合心理干预研究.心理科学进展,14(4),596-603.
方晓义,郑宇,林丹华.(2001).家庭诸因素与初中生吸烟行为的关系.心理学报,33(3),244-250.
黄林娟,林丹华.(2011).中学生手机心理需求研究.中国青年政治报,30(5),35-40.
李满林,刘晓红.(2007).青少年网络成瘾的危害及干预.中国心理卫生协会第五届学术研讨会论文集.
林丹华,方晓义,李晓铭.(2005).环境和个体因素与青少年吸烟行为的发生.心理科学,31(2),304-306.
林丹华,杨阿丽,王芳,Xiaoming Li,张琢诗.(2009).工读学校学生的物质滥用行为及其关键影响因素分析.心理发展与教育,25(4),101-108.
罗喆慧,万晶晶,刘勤学,方晓义.(2010).大学生网络使用网络特定自我效能与网络成瘾的关系.心理发展与教育,26(6),618-626.
师建国.(2009).手机依赖综合征.临床精神医学杂志,19(2),138-139.
易丽平.(2011).新媒体环境下受众媒介依赖的原因探析.今传媒,2,90-91.
赵亭.(2007).青少年“新媒介依赖”病态心理透析.信息管理,(5),185-187.
中国互联网络信息中心(CNNIC).第28次中国互联网络发展状况统计报告.2011年7月.
中国青少年网络协会.2009年中国青少年网瘾数据报告.2010年.