大学生手机依赖与父母教养方式、主观幸福感的关系
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摘要
目的:探讨大学生手机依赖与父母教养方式、主观幸福感之间的关系。方法:选取湖北省某高校大一至大三学生1477名集体施测,采用手机依赖评定量表(MPAI)测得手机依赖程度、简式父母教养方式问卷中文版(s-EMBU-c)测量被试的父母教养方式以及总体幸福感量表(GWB)测量幸福感水平。结果:大学生MPAI平均得分(36.7±11.5),女生得分高于男生[(37.8±11.2)vs.(35.8±11.6),P<0.01]。M PAI得分与父亲拒绝、父亲过度保护、母亲拒绝、母亲过度保护得分呈正相关(r=0.14~0.21,均P<0.01),与父亲温暖、母亲温暖及SWB得分呈负相关(r=-0.17、-0.16、-0.49,均P<0.01)。通径分析表明,主观幸福感在父母教养方式与手机依赖的关系中起部分中介作用,其中介效应分别占总效应的73.8%和43.5%。结论:父母教养方式、主观幸福感与手机依赖的关系密切,父母教养方式能够通过主观幸福感影响手机依赖。
Objective: To explore the relation of mobile phone dependence to parenting style and subjective well-being in college students. Methods: Totally 1477 college students were chosen from one college in Hubei province. The M obile Phone Addiction Index Scale( M PAI) was used to measure the degree of mobile phone dependence,the short-Egna M innen av Barndom Uppfostran-Chinese( s-EM BU-c) was used to measure their parenting styles,and the General Well-being Schedule( GWB) was used to measure the level of subjective well-being. Results: The average M PAI score in college students was( 36. 7 ± 11. 5) and the scores were higher in female students than in males [( 37. 8 ± 11. 2) vs.( 35. 8 ± 11. 6),P < 0. 01]. The M PAI scores were positively correlated with the scores of paternal denial, paternal over-protect, maternal denial and maternal over-protect( r = 0. 14- 0. 21, P <0. 01),while the M PAI score was negatively correlated with paternal warmth,maternal warmth and SWB scores( r=- 0. 17,- 0. 16,- 0. 49; P < 0. 01). Structural equation model found subjective well-being played a partly mediating role between parenting styles and mobile phone dependence, and the mediation effect account for the total effect 73. 8% and 43. 5% respectively. Conclusion: There may be a close relation of mobile phone dependence to parenting styles and subjective well-being,and parenting styles could affect mobile phone dependence through subjective well-being.
Objective: To explore the relation of mobile phone dependence to parenting style and subjective well-being in college students. Methods: Totally 1477 college students were chosen from one college in Hubei province. The M obile Phone Addiction Index Scale( M PAI) was used to measure the degree of mobile phone dependence,the short-Egna M innen av Barndom Uppfostran-Chinese( s-EM BU-c) was used to measure their parenting styles,and the General Well-being Schedule( GWB) was used to measure the level of subjective well-being. Results: The average M PAI score in college students was( 36. 7 ± 11. 5) and the scores were higher in female students than in males [( 37. 8 ± 11. 2) vs.( 35. 8 ± 11. 6),P < 0. 01]. The M PAI scores were positively correlated with the scores of paternal denial, paternal over-protect, maternal denial and maternal over-protect( r = 0. 14- 0. 21, P <0. 01),while the M PAI score was negatively correlated with paternal warmth,maternal warmth and SWB scores( r=- 0. 17,- 0. 16,- 0. 49; P < 0. 01). Structural equation model found subjective well-being played a partly mediating role between parenting styles and mobile phone dependence, and the mediation effect account for the total effect 73. 8% and 43. 5% respectively. Conclusion: There may be a close relation of mobile phone dependence to parenting styles and subjective well-being,and parenting styles could affect mobile phone dependence through subjective well-being.
引文
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[13]Lepp A,Barkley JE,Karpinski AC.The relationship between cell phone use,academic performance,anxiety,and Satisfaction with Life in college students[J].Comput Human Behav,2014,31(0):343-350.
[14]汪婷,许颖.青少年手机依赖和健康危险行为、情绪问题的关系[J].中国青年政治学院学报,2011,30(5):41-45.
[15]Hong F,Chiu S,Huang D.A model of the relationship between psychological characteristics,mobile phone addiction and use of mobile phones by Taiwanese university female students[J].Comput Human Behav,2012,28(6):2152-2159.
[16]Furnham A,Cheng H.Perceived parental behaviour,self-esteem and happiness[J].Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol,2000,35(10):463-470.
[17]Quach AS,Epstein NB,Riley PJ,et al.Effects of parental warmth and academic pressure on anxiety and depression symptoms in Chinese adolescents[J].J Child Fam Stud,2013:1-11.doi:10.1007/s10826-013-9818-y
[18]Cheng H,Furnham A.Perceived parental rearing style,self-esteem and self-criticism as predictors of happiness[J].J Happiness Stud,2004,5(1):1-21.
[19]黄海,余莉,郭诗卉.大学生手机依赖与大五人格的关系[J].中国学校卫生,2013,34(4):414-416.
[20]王欢,黄海,吴和鸣.大学生人格特征与手机依赖的关系:社交焦虑的中介作用[J].中国临床心理学杂志,2014,22(3):447-450.
[21]蒋奖,鲁峥嵘,蒋苾菁,等.简式父母教养方式问卷中文版的初步修订[J].心理发展与教育,2010,26(10):94-99.
[22]段建华.总体幸福感量表在我国大学生申的试用结果与分析[J].中国临床心理学杂志,1996,4(1):56-57.
[23]侯杰泰,温忠麟,成子娟.结构方程模型及其应用[M].北京:教育科学出版社,2004.
[24]Preacher KJ,Hayes AF.Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models[J].Behav Res Methods,2008,40(3):879-891.
[25]Billieux J,van Der Linden M,Rochat L.The role of impulsivity in actual and problematic use of the mobile phone[J].Appl Cognit Psychol,2008,22(9):1195-1210.
[26]Walsh SP,White KM,Cox S.Keeping in constant touch:the predictors of young Australians'mobile phone involvement[J].Comput Human Behav,2011,27(2):333-342.
[27]Beranuy M,Oberst U,Carbonell X,et al.Problematic Internet and mobile phone use and clinical symptoms in college students:the role of emotional intelligence[J].Comput Human Behav,2009,25(5):1182-1187.
[28]Leung L.Linking psychological attributes to addiction and improper use of the mobile phone among adolescents in Hong Kong[J].J Child Media,2008,2(2):93-113.
[29]Kerig PK,LudlowA,Wenar C.Developmental psychopathology:from infancy through adolescence[M].6th ed.NY:Mc Graw-Hill,2000.
[30]Pavot W,Diener E.The satisfaction with life scale and the emerging construct of life satisfaction[J].J Posit Psychol,2008,3(2):137-152.
[31]刘红,王洪礼.大学生的手机依赖倾向与孤独感[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2012,26(1):66-69.
[32]Townsend AM.Life in the real-time city:mobile telephones and urban metabolism[J].J Urban Technol,2000,7(2):85-104.
[33]宋溢文.职校生自尊,父母教养方式与主观幸福感的关系研究[D].大连:辽宁师范大学,2011.
[34]李冬霞,林小荣,林春暖.大学生主观幸福感与父母教养方式的相关研究[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2007,15(8):735-737.
[2]Yen C,Tang T,Yen J,et al.Symptoms of problematic cellular phone use,functional impairment and its association with depression among adolescents in Southern Taiwan[J].J Adolesc,2009,32(4):863-873.
[3]Leung L.Leisure boredom,sensation seeking,self-esteem,addiction symptoms and patterns of mobile phone use[M].Mahwah,Nj:Lawrence Erlbaum Associates,2008.
[4]黄海,周春燕,余莉.大学生手机依赖与心理健康的关系[J].中国学校卫生,2013,34(9):1074-1076.
[5]刘红,王洪礼.大学生手机成瘾与孤独感、手机使用动机的关系[J].心理科学,2011,(6):1453-1457.
[6]Rankin JH,Wells LE.The effect of parental attachments and direct controls on delinquency[J].J Res Crime Delinq,1990,27(2):140-165.
[7]王小辉.中学生手机依赖现状及与社会支持、社会适应性的关系研究[D].福州:福建师范大学,2011.
[8]Toda M,Ezoe S,Nishi A,et al.Mobile phone dependence of female students and perceived parental rearing attitudes[J].Soc Behav Pers,2008,36(6):765-770.
[9]许颖,苏少冰,林丹华.父母因素、抵制效能感与青少年新媒介依赖行为的关系[J].心理发展与教育,2012,28(4):421-427.
[10]Diener E,Suh EM,Lucas RE,et al.Subjective well-being:three decades of progress[J].Psychol Bull,1999,125(2):276-302.
[11]Young KS,Rodgers RC.Internet addiction:personality traits associated with its development:69th annual meeting of the Eastern Psychological Association in April 1998[C/OL].[2014-06-24]http:∥netaddiction.com/articles/personality_correlates.pdf
[12]秦亚平,李鹤展.大学生手机依赖与主观幸福感及社会支持相关性研究[J].临床心身疾病杂志,2012,18(5):465-468.
[13]Lepp A,Barkley JE,Karpinski AC.The relationship between cell phone use,academic performance,anxiety,and Satisfaction with Life in college students[J].Comput Human Behav,2014,31(0):343-350.
[14]汪婷,许颖.青少年手机依赖和健康危险行为、情绪问题的关系[J].中国青年政治学院学报,2011,30(5):41-45.
[15]Hong F,Chiu S,Huang D.A model of the relationship between psychological characteristics,mobile phone addiction and use of mobile phones by Taiwanese university female students[J].Comput Human Behav,2012,28(6):2152-2159.
[16]Furnham A,Cheng H.Perceived parental behaviour,self-esteem and happiness[J].Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol,2000,35(10):463-470.
[17]Quach AS,Epstein NB,Riley PJ,et al.Effects of parental warmth and academic pressure on anxiety and depression symptoms in Chinese adolescents[J].J Child Fam Stud,2013:1-11.doi:10.1007/s10826-013-9818-y
[18]Cheng H,Furnham A.Perceived parental rearing style,self-esteem and self-criticism as predictors of happiness[J].J Happiness Stud,2004,5(1):1-21.
[19]黄海,余莉,郭诗卉.大学生手机依赖与大五人格的关系[J].中国学校卫生,2013,34(4):414-416.
[20]王欢,黄海,吴和鸣.大学生人格特征与手机依赖的关系:社交焦虑的中介作用[J].中国临床心理学杂志,2014,22(3):447-450.
[21]蒋奖,鲁峥嵘,蒋苾菁,等.简式父母教养方式问卷中文版的初步修订[J].心理发展与教育,2010,26(10):94-99.
[22]段建华.总体幸福感量表在我国大学生申的试用结果与分析[J].中国临床心理学杂志,1996,4(1):56-57.
[23]侯杰泰,温忠麟,成子娟.结构方程模型及其应用[M].北京:教育科学出版社,2004.
[24]Preacher KJ,Hayes AF.Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models[J].Behav Res Methods,2008,40(3):879-891.
[25]Billieux J,van Der Linden M,Rochat L.The role of impulsivity in actual and problematic use of the mobile phone[J].Appl Cognit Psychol,2008,22(9):1195-1210.
[26]Walsh SP,White KM,Cox S.Keeping in constant touch:the predictors of young Australians'mobile phone involvement[J].Comput Human Behav,2011,27(2):333-342.
[27]Beranuy M,Oberst U,Carbonell X,et al.Problematic Internet and mobile phone use and clinical symptoms in college students:the role of emotional intelligence[J].Comput Human Behav,2009,25(5):1182-1187.
[28]Leung L.Linking psychological attributes to addiction and improper use of the mobile phone among adolescents in Hong Kong[J].J Child Media,2008,2(2):93-113.
[29]Kerig PK,LudlowA,Wenar C.Developmental psychopathology:from infancy through adolescence[M].6th ed.NY:Mc Graw-Hill,2000.
[30]Pavot W,Diener E.The satisfaction with life scale and the emerging construct of life satisfaction[J].J Posit Psychol,2008,3(2):137-152.
[31]刘红,王洪礼.大学生的手机依赖倾向与孤独感[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2012,26(1):66-69.
[32]Townsend AM.Life in the real-time city:mobile telephones and urban metabolism[J].J Urban Technol,2000,7(2):85-104.
[33]宋溢文.职校生自尊,父母教养方式与主观幸福感的关系研究[D].大连:辽宁师范大学,2011.
[34]李冬霞,林小荣,林春暖.大学生主观幸福感与父母教养方式的相关研究[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2007,15(8):735-737.