新疆哈密瓜不同年代品种萌发期耐盐碱性评价
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摘要
【目的】研究新疆哈密瓜不同年代品种萌发期对盐碱胁迫的响应,筛选耐盐碱的哈密瓜品种,为新疆哈密瓜品种布局与培育耐盐碱新品种提供科学依据。【方法】设置5个混合盐碱溶液(Na Cl∶Na2SO4∶Na HCO3∶Na2CO3=9∶1∶1∶9,pH=10.80),浓度梯度0(CK)、25、50、75和100 mmol/L,对17个哈密瓜品种种子进行胁迫处理,测定发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数、胚根长度和胚根鲜重等指标,并采用模糊数学隶属函数法进行耐盐碱性综合评价。【结果】随着盐碱胁迫浓度的增加,供试哈密瓜品种的萌发指标总体呈下降趋势。盐碱胁迫下品种间的发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数等萌发指标差异性显著。17个供试哈密瓜品种萌发期的耐盐碱性由强到弱,依次为新密13号>新密28号>红密脆>新伽师2号>新密7号>905-1>金丽2号>农密9号>新密43号>绿皮9818>伽师瓜>新密杂11号>新密31号>西洲密25号>春萧2号>新密24号>绿宝石。【结论】发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数和胚根伤害率可作为哈密瓜品种萌发期耐盐碱性鉴定的主要指标。新密13号耐盐性最强,新密28号次之,不同哈密瓜品种之间萌发期的耐盐碱性差异较大,在哈密瓜种子萌发期可对其耐盐性进行快速鉴定。新密13号、新密28号可作为适宜新疆哈密瓜盐碱区种植的首选品种。
【Objective】This study aims to research the effects of salinity-alkalinity stress on the seed germinations of Xinjiang Hami melon and screen out the most salt-tolerant varieties for the layout in Xinjiang.【Method】This experiment set five salinity-alkalinity stress,which were respectively 0(CK),25,50,75 and 100 mmol/L; The seeds of Hami melon were treated under salinity-alkalinity stress and the seeds germination rate,germination potential,germination index,vitality index were measured.【Result】With the increase of salinity stress concentration,the seed germinations parameters of Hami melon showed downtrend trend. The germination index,germination rate,germination index and vigor index were significantly different among varieties under saline alkali stress. The order of experimental Hami melon varieties from strong to weak was Xinmi 13 > Xinmi 28 > Hongmicui > Xinjiashi 2 > Xinmi 7 > 905-1 > Jinli2 > Nongmi 9 > Xinmi 43 > Lupi 9818 > Jiashigua > Xinmiza 11 > Xinmi31 > Xizhoumi 25 > Chunxiao 2 > Xinmi 24 >Lvbaoshi.【Conclusion】The seed germination rate,germination potential,germination index and root damage rate may serve as indicators to appraise salinity-alkalinity tolerance of Hami melon at germination stage. The salinity-alkalinity tolerance of Xinmi 13 is the strongest among the experimental Hami melon varieties,and Xinmi 28 takes the second place. The salinity-alkalinity tolerances of different varieties have significant differences. The Xinmi 13 and Xinmi 28 are the preferred varieties for the saline-alkali area.
【Objective】This study aims to research the effects of salinity-alkalinity stress on the seed germinations of Xinjiang Hami melon and screen out the most salt-tolerant varieties for the layout in Xinjiang.【Method】This experiment set five salinity-alkalinity stress,which were respectively 0(CK),25,50,75 and 100 mmol/L; The seeds of Hami melon were treated under salinity-alkalinity stress and the seeds germination rate,germination potential,germination index,vitality index were measured.【Result】With the increase of salinity stress concentration,the seed germinations parameters of Hami melon showed downtrend trend. The germination index,germination rate,germination index and vigor index were significantly different among varieties under saline alkali stress. The order of experimental Hami melon varieties from strong to weak was Xinmi 13 > Xinmi 28 > Hongmicui > Xinjiashi 2 > Xinmi 7 > 905-1 > Jinli2 > Nongmi 9 > Xinmi 43 > Lupi 9818 > Jiashigua > Xinmiza 11 > Xinmi31 > Xizhoumi 25 > Chunxiao 2 > Xinmi 24 >Lvbaoshi.【Conclusion】The seed germination rate,germination potential,germination index and root damage rate may serve as indicators to appraise salinity-alkalinity tolerance of Hami melon at germination stage. The salinity-alkalinity tolerance of Xinmi 13 is the strongest among the experimental Hami melon varieties,and Xinmi 28 takes the second place. The salinity-alkalinity tolerances of different varieties have significant differences. The Xinmi 13 and Xinmi 28 are the preferred varieties for the saline-alkali area.
引文
[1]伊鸿平,吴明珠,冯炯鑫,等.中国新疆哈密瓜资源与品种改良研究进展[J].园艺学报.2013,40(9):111-118.YI Hong-ping,WU Ming-zhu,FENG Jong-xin,et al.(2013).Advances in Genetic Improvement of Hami Melon in Xinjiang,China[J].Acta Horticulturae Sinica,40(9):111-118.(in Chinese)
[2]曾幼玲,蔡忠贞,马纪,等.盐分和水分胁迫对两种盐生植物盐爪爪和盐穗木种子萌发的影响[J].生态学杂志,2006,25(9):1 014-1 018.ZENG You-ling,CAI Zhong-zhen,MA Ji,et al.(2006).Effects of salt and water stress on seed germination of halophytes Kalidium foliatum and Halostachys caspica[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,25(9):1,014-1,018.(in Chinese)
[3]朱春燕,黄丹枫,蔡保松,等.甜瓜品种资源萌发期耐盐性及其指标评价[J].上海交通大学学报(农业科学版),2010,28(6):504-508.ZHU Chun-yan,HUANG Dan-feng,CAI Bao-song,et al.(2010).Salt Tolerance and Indicators of Melon Germplasms in Germination stage[J].Journal of Shang Hai Jiao Tong University(Agricultural Science),28(6):504-508.(in Chinese)
[4]赵九洲,张浩,胡晓辉.甜瓜品种萌发期耐盐碱性筛选与综合鉴定[C]//.中国园艺学会设施分会2013年年会·蔬菜优质安全生产技术研讨会论文摘要集.ZHAO Jiu-zhou,ZHANG Hao,HU Xiao-hui.(2013).The screening and comprehensive identification of Melon(Cucnmis melo L.)varieties for salt-alkaline tolerance during germinating stage[C]//.Abstracts of the Symposium on high quality and safe production technology of Chinese Horticultural Society Facilities Branch Academic Annual Conference.(in Chinese)
[5]彭玉梅,石国亮,崔辉梅.不同加工番茄品种种子萌发期耐盐性研究[J].新疆农业科学,2013,50(4):603-613.PENG Yu-mei,SHI Guo-liang,CUI Hui-mei.(2013).Salt Tolerance of Different Processing Tomato Cultivars at Germination Stage[J].Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences,50(4):603-613.(in Chinese)
[6]姜景彬,魏民,张贺,等.蔬菜耐盐性鉴定方法研究进展[J].中国瓜菜,2009,(3):39-41.JIANG Jing-bin,WEI Min,ZHANG He,et al.(2009).Progress of the Methodology of Testing Vegetables Tolerant to Salinity[J],China Cucurbits and Vegetables,(3):39-41.(in Chinese)
[7]赵九洲,胡立盼,徐志然,等.甜瓜幼苗耐盐碱性及缓解盐碱胁迫γ-氨基丁酸浓度的筛选[J].北方园艺,2014,(9):1-7.ZHAO Jiu-zhou,HU Li-pan,XU Zhi-ran,et al.(2014).The screening of Melon(Cucnmis melo L.)seedling cultivars for salt-alkaline Tolerance and the concentration ofγ-aminobutyric Acid Alleviating salt-alkaline Stress[J].Northern Horticulture,(9):1-7.(in Chinese)
[8]罗廷彬,任崴,谢春虹.新疆盐碱地生物改良的必要性与可行性[J].干旱区研究,2001,(3):46-47.LUO Ting-bin,REN Wei,XIE Chun-hong.(2001).Necessity and Feasibility of Biotic Improving the Saline and Alkaline Land in Xinjiang[J].Arid Zone Research,(3):46-47.(in Chinese)
[9]国际种子检验协会(ISTA).国际种子检验规程[M].北京:北京农业大学出版社,1985:54-57.International Seed Testing Association(ISTA).(1985).International Rules for Seed Testing[M].Beijing:Agricultural University Press:54-57.(in Chinese)
[10]Debez,A.,Ben,H.K.C.,&Abdelly,C.(2004).Salinity effects on germination,growth,and seed production of the halophyte cakile maritima.Plant and Soil,262(1):179-189.
[11]Munns,R.(2002).Comparative physiology of salt and water stress.Plant Cell&Environment,25(2):239-250.
[2]曾幼玲,蔡忠贞,马纪,等.盐分和水分胁迫对两种盐生植物盐爪爪和盐穗木种子萌发的影响[J].生态学杂志,2006,25(9):1 014-1 018.ZENG You-ling,CAI Zhong-zhen,MA Ji,et al.(2006).Effects of salt and water stress on seed germination of halophytes Kalidium foliatum and Halostachys caspica[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,25(9):1,014-1,018.(in Chinese)
[3]朱春燕,黄丹枫,蔡保松,等.甜瓜品种资源萌发期耐盐性及其指标评价[J].上海交通大学学报(农业科学版),2010,28(6):504-508.ZHU Chun-yan,HUANG Dan-feng,CAI Bao-song,et al.(2010).Salt Tolerance and Indicators of Melon Germplasms in Germination stage[J].Journal of Shang Hai Jiao Tong University(Agricultural Science),28(6):504-508.(in Chinese)
[4]赵九洲,张浩,胡晓辉.甜瓜品种萌发期耐盐碱性筛选与综合鉴定[C]//.中国园艺学会设施分会2013年年会·蔬菜优质安全生产技术研讨会论文摘要集.ZHAO Jiu-zhou,ZHANG Hao,HU Xiao-hui.(2013).The screening and comprehensive identification of Melon(Cucnmis melo L.)varieties for salt-alkaline tolerance during germinating stage[C]//.Abstracts of the Symposium on high quality and safe production technology of Chinese Horticultural Society Facilities Branch Academic Annual Conference.(in Chinese)
[5]彭玉梅,石国亮,崔辉梅.不同加工番茄品种种子萌发期耐盐性研究[J].新疆农业科学,2013,50(4):603-613.PENG Yu-mei,SHI Guo-liang,CUI Hui-mei.(2013).Salt Tolerance of Different Processing Tomato Cultivars at Germination Stage[J].Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences,50(4):603-613.(in Chinese)
[6]姜景彬,魏民,张贺,等.蔬菜耐盐性鉴定方法研究进展[J].中国瓜菜,2009,(3):39-41.JIANG Jing-bin,WEI Min,ZHANG He,et al.(2009).Progress of the Methodology of Testing Vegetables Tolerant to Salinity[J],China Cucurbits and Vegetables,(3):39-41.(in Chinese)
[7]赵九洲,胡立盼,徐志然,等.甜瓜幼苗耐盐碱性及缓解盐碱胁迫γ-氨基丁酸浓度的筛选[J].北方园艺,2014,(9):1-7.ZHAO Jiu-zhou,HU Li-pan,XU Zhi-ran,et al.(2014).The screening of Melon(Cucnmis melo L.)seedling cultivars for salt-alkaline Tolerance and the concentration ofγ-aminobutyric Acid Alleviating salt-alkaline Stress[J].Northern Horticulture,(9):1-7.(in Chinese)
[8]罗廷彬,任崴,谢春虹.新疆盐碱地生物改良的必要性与可行性[J].干旱区研究,2001,(3):46-47.LUO Ting-bin,REN Wei,XIE Chun-hong.(2001).Necessity and Feasibility of Biotic Improving the Saline and Alkaline Land in Xinjiang[J].Arid Zone Research,(3):46-47.(in Chinese)
[9]国际种子检验协会(ISTA).国际种子检验规程[M].北京:北京农业大学出版社,1985:54-57.International Seed Testing Association(ISTA).(1985).International Rules for Seed Testing[M].Beijing:Agricultural University Press:54-57.(in Chinese)
[10]Debez,A.,Ben,H.K.C.,&Abdelly,C.(2004).Salinity effects on germination,growth,and seed production of the halophyte cakile maritima.Plant and Soil,262(1):179-189.
[11]Munns,R.(2002).Comparative physiology of salt and water stress.Plant Cell&Environment,25(2):239-250.