面向新工科的本科专业培养方案及创新课程设计与实践
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摘要
"新工科"建设是国家发展进入新时代,支撑经济社会转型升级、科学技术"领跑"的重要举措。本文按照新工科建设的思路,以航空航天工程本科专业为例,以学生为中心、以项目为牵引,着眼于知识结构和能力塑造,设计了"理论"与"实践"交融互动的"双线"跨学科培养方案及创新课程体系。该培养方案已于2017年全面实施,在改变传统工科教学的短板、激发学生自主学习和促进全面发展等方面显现出良好的效果,对其他工科专业构建"新工科"新体系、新模式具有一定的借鉴作用。
In the new era, the construction of "Emerging Engineering Education" is an important measure to support the transformation of China's economic society and promote the development of science and technology. Taking the undergraduate program of aeronautics and astronautics as an example, this paper proposes an interdisciplinary training program and an innovative curriculum system which integrates theoretical knowledge and practice. Following the philosophy of the construction of emerging engineering education, the proposed training program is student-centered, project-oriented and focuses on the shaping of both knowledge structure and ability. Having been fully implemented in 2017, the training program is effective in improving traditional engineering teaching, motivating active learning and promoting students' all-round development. This paper can be helpful for the construction of emerging engineering education in other engineering majors.
In the new era, the construction of "Emerging Engineering Education" is an important measure to support the transformation of China's economic society and promote the development of science and technology. Taking the undergraduate program of aeronautics and astronautics as an example, this paper proposes an interdisciplinary training program and an innovative curriculum system which integrates theoretical knowledge and practice. Following the philosophy of the construction of emerging engineering education, the proposed training program is student-centered, project-oriented and focuses on the shaping of both knowledge structure and ability. Having been fully implemented in 2017, the training program is effective in improving traditional engineering teaching, motivating active learning and promoting students' all-round development. This paper can be helpful for the construction of emerging engineering education in other engineering majors.
引文
[1] 莫甲凤,周光礼.能力、整合、国际化:麻省理工学院工程教育的第三次教学改革[J].现代大学教育,2016(4):47-54.
[2] EDWARD F CRWLEY,et al.Rethinking Engineering Education:The CDIO Approach[M].2nd ed.Berlin:Springer,2014.
[3] 顾佩华,等.CDIO在中国(上)[J].高等工程教育研究,2012(3):24-40.
[4] 吴岩.新工科:高等工程教育的未来——对高等教育未来的战略思考[J].高等工程教育研究,2018(6):1-3.
[5] 吴爱华,等.加快发展和建设新工科主动适应和引领新经济[J].高等工程教育研究,2017(1):1-9.
[6] UNESCO.Rethinking Education Towards a Global Common Good[M].UNESCO,2015.
[7][10] GRAHAM R.The Global State of the Art in Engineering Education[J].Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT),Massachusetts,USA2018,2018.
[8] EDEARD F CRAWLEY,ANETTE P HOSIOI,AMITAVA B MITRA.Redesigning Undergraduate Engineering Education at MIT -The New Engineering Education Transformation (NEET) initiative.Proceedings of 2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition,June 23- 27,2018[C].Salt Lake City,Utah:American Society for Engineering Education,2018:21.
[9] 肖凤翔,覃丽君.麻省理工学院新工程教育改革的形成、内容及内在逻辑[J].高等工程教育研究,2018(2):45-51.
[11] KERMS S E,et al.Designing from a Blank Slate:The Development of the Initial Olin College Curriculum[J].Educating the engineer of 2020:Adapting engineering education to the new century,2005:98-114.
[12] FREDHOLM S,et al.Designing an Engineering Entrepreneurship Curriculum for Olin College.Proceedings of 2002 Annual Conference of American Society of Engineering Education ,June 16-19,2002[C].Montreal,Canada:American Society for Engineering Education:2002:13.
[13] 吴爱华,杨秋波,郝杰.以“新工科”建设引领高等教育创新变革[J].高等工程教育研究,2019(1):1-7.
[2] EDWARD F CRWLEY,et al.Rethinking Engineering Education:The CDIO Approach[M].2nd ed.Berlin:Springer,2014.
[3] 顾佩华,等.CDIO在中国(上)[J].高等工程教育研究,2012(3):24-40.
[4] 吴岩.新工科:高等工程教育的未来——对高等教育未来的战略思考[J].高等工程教育研究,2018(6):1-3.
[5] 吴爱华,等.加快发展和建设新工科主动适应和引领新经济[J].高等工程教育研究,2017(1):1-9.
[6] UNESCO.Rethinking Education Towards a Global Common Good[M].UNESCO,2015.
[7][10] GRAHAM R.The Global State of the Art in Engineering Education[J].Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT),Massachusetts,USA2018,2018.
[8] EDEARD F CRAWLEY,ANETTE P HOSIOI,AMITAVA B MITRA.Redesigning Undergraduate Engineering Education at MIT -The New Engineering Education Transformation (NEET) initiative.Proceedings of 2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition,June 23- 27,2018[C].Salt Lake City,Utah:American Society for Engineering Education,2018:21.
[9] 肖凤翔,覃丽君.麻省理工学院新工程教育改革的形成、内容及内在逻辑[J].高等工程教育研究,2018(2):45-51.
[11] KERMS S E,et al.Designing from a Blank Slate:The Development of the Initial Olin College Curriculum[J].Educating the engineer of 2020:Adapting engineering education to the new century,2005:98-114.
[12] FREDHOLM S,et al.Designing an Engineering Entrepreneurship Curriculum for Olin College.Proceedings of 2002 Annual Conference of American Society of Engineering Education ,June 16-19,2002[C].Montreal,Canada:American Society for Engineering Education:2002:13.
[13] 吴爱华,杨秋波,郝杰.以“新工科”建设引领高等教育创新变革[J].高等工程教育研究,2019(1):1-7.