河西走廊绿洲边缘新月形沙丘的动态变化及其与气象因子的关系
|
摘要
【目的】探明新月形沙丘的动态变化及其与气象因子之间的相互关系,为防沙治沙提供理论依据.【方法】在河西绿洲边缘选取了7个典型的样点,用Goolge Earth对各个样点沙丘的形态参数进行测量,并将所得数据与气象要素之间进行相关性分析.【结果】受风速、大风日数等因子的影响,民勤地区沙丘移动最快,移动速度为6.2m/a,受主风向等因子的影响,敦煌地区沙丘移动最慢,移动速度为0.8m/a;受不同气象要素的影响,与2006年相比,河西大多数地区的沙丘迎风坡水平长增加,背风坡水平长减小;影响沙丘动态变化的3个主因子为年降水量、年平均风速、年大风日数,其中年降水量在气象因子中的贡献率最大.【结论】气象因子对沙丘动态变化的影响既有正向作用,也有逆向作用.
【Objective】In order to explore the dynamic changes of the Barchan Dunes and its relationship with meteorological factors,to provide a theoretical basis for prevent and control desertification.【Method】Seven typical sample areas were selected at the oasis fringe of Hexi Corridor.Use the Goolge Earth to measure the morphological parameters of the Barchan Dunes at every sample areas.The correlation was analyzed between the data and climate factors.【Result】The fastest dunes movement speed was found at 6.2 m/a in Minqin area,affected by the wind speed,annual strong wind days and other factors.The sand dunes moved the slowest in Dunhuang area,the movement speed was at 0.8 m/a,affected by the main wind direction and other factors.Most of the windward slope length increased and the leeward slope length decreased when compared with 2006 in Hexi Corridor,affected by different meteorological factors.The three main factors that affected the dune dynamic were annual precipitation,annual average windspeed,annual strong wind days.The annual precipitation had the largest contribution rate in all meteorological factors.【Conclusion】The meteorological factors have both positive and adverse effects on dynamic changes of Barchan Dunes.
【Objective】In order to explore the dynamic changes of the Barchan Dunes and its relationship with meteorological factors,to provide a theoretical basis for prevent and control desertification.【Method】Seven typical sample areas were selected at the oasis fringe of Hexi Corridor.Use the Goolge Earth to measure the morphological parameters of the Barchan Dunes at every sample areas.The correlation was analyzed between the data and climate factors.【Result】The fastest dunes movement speed was found at 6.2 m/a in Minqin area,affected by the wind speed,annual strong wind days and other factors.The sand dunes moved the slowest in Dunhuang area,the movement speed was at 0.8 m/a,affected by the main wind direction and other factors.Most of the windward slope length increased and the leeward slope length decreased when compared with 2006 in Hexi Corridor,affected by different meteorological factors.The three main factors that affected the dune dynamic were annual precipitation,annual average windspeed,annual strong wind days.The annual precipitation had the largest contribution rate in all meteorological factors.【Conclusion】The meteorological factors have both positive and adverse effects on dynamic changes of Barchan Dunes.
引文
[1]常兆丰,王强强,张剑辉,等.河西绿洲边缘积沙带及其生态意义[J].生态学报,2015,35(24):1-7.
[2]常兆丰,张剑挥,唐进年,等.河西绿洲边缘积沙带与环境因子的关系[J].生态学杂志,2012,31(6):1548-1555.
[3]王静璞,刘连友,沈玲玲.基于Goolge Earth的毛乌素沙地新月形沙丘移动规律研究[J].遥感技术与应用,2013,28(6):1094-1100.
[4]FRANK A,KOCUREK G.Airflow up the stoss slope of sand dunes:limitations of current understanding[J].Geomorphology,1996a,17:47-54.
[5]SWEET M L,KOCUREK G.An empirical model of Aeolian dune lee-face airflow[J].Sedimentology,1990,37:1023-1038.
[6]GAY S P.Observation regarding the movement of barchan sand dunes in the Nazca to Tanaca area of southern Peru[J].Geomor-phology,1999,27:279-293.
[7]ANDREOTTI B,CLAUDIN P,DOUADY S.Selection of dune shapes and velocities(2Parts)[J].European Physical Journal B,2002,28:341-352.
[8]李志中.新月形沙丘研究进展综述[J].干旱区地理,1994,17(4):81-87.
[9]李志忠,关有志.塔里木沙漠石油公路沿线新月形沙丘的地貌特征[J].新疆大学学报,1998(1):80-90.
[10]陈芳,刘勇.巴丹吉林沙漠典型地域沙丘多年变化的遥感动态分析[J].遥感技术与应用,2011,26(4):501-507.
[11]李生宇,雷加强,徐新文,等.塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地阻沙栅栏对垄间新月形沙丘形态的影响[J].干旱区地理,2008,31(6):910-917.
[12]BOROWKA R K.Present day dune processes and dune morpholo-gy on the Leba Barrier,Polish coast of the Baltic[J].Geografiska Annaler,1980,62(A):75-82.
[13]JIMENEZ J A,MAIA L P,SERRA J,et al.Aeolian dune migration along the Ceara coast,north-eastern Brazil[J].Sedimentology,1999,46(4):689-701.
[14]社会石,哈斯.抛物线沙丘形态特征与土壤含水量和紧实度的关系研究[J].甘肃农业科技,2014(12):17-20.
[15]王宁波,李生宇,王海峰,等.塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地垄间地上覆沙丘形态的空间变化特征及其成因[J].干旱区地理,2014,37(1):89-96.
[16]张萍,哈斯,杜会石,等.抛物线形沙丘与油蒿灌丛之间的动态关系[J].科学通报,2011,56(35):3003-3010.
[17]武胜利,李志忠,肖晨曦,等.灌丛沙堆的研究进展与意义[J].中国沙漠,2006,26(5):734-738.
[18]刘世增,常兆丰,张剑辉,等.甘肃河西绿洲边缘积沙带所表征的气候环境信息[J].干旱区研究,2013,30(2):364-371.
[19]HUNTER R E,RICHMOND B M,ALPHA T R.Storm-controlled oblique dunes of the Oregon coast[J].Geological Society of America Bulletin,1983,94:1450-1465.
[20]姚俊强,刘志辉,杨青,等.近30年来中亚干旱区典型流域气温变化及其影响因子[J].地理科学,2014,69(3)291-302.
[21]魏文涛.现代沙漠对气候变化的响应与反馈:以古尔班通古特沙漠为例[J].科学通报,2000,45(6):636-641.
[22]黄蕊,徐利岗,刘俊民.中国西北干旱区气温时空变化特征[J].生态学报,2013,33(13):4078-4089.
[2]常兆丰,张剑挥,唐进年,等.河西绿洲边缘积沙带与环境因子的关系[J].生态学杂志,2012,31(6):1548-1555.
[3]王静璞,刘连友,沈玲玲.基于Goolge Earth的毛乌素沙地新月形沙丘移动规律研究[J].遥感技术与应用,2013,28(6):1094-1100.
[4]FRANK A,KOCUREK G.Airflow up the stoss slope of sand dunes:limitations of current understanding[J].Geomorphology,1996a,17:47-54.
[5]SWEET M L,KOCUREK G.An empirical model of Aeolian dune lee-face airflow[J].Sedimentology,1990,37:1023-1038.
[6]GAY S P.Observation regarding the movement of barchan sand dunes in the Nazca to Tanaca area of southern Peru[J].Geomor-phology,1999,27:279-293.
[7]ANDREOTTI B,CLAUDIN P,DOUADY S.Selection of dune shapes and velocities(2Parts)[J].European Physical Journal B,2002,28:341-352.
[8]李志中.新月形沙丘研究进展综述[J].干旱区地理,1994,17(4):81-87.
[9]李志忠,关有志.塔里木沙漠石油公路沿线新月形沙丘的地貌特征[J].新疆大学学报,1998(1):80-90.
[10]陈芳,刘勇.巴丹吉林沙漠典型地域沙丘多年变化的遥感动态分析[J].遥感技术与应用,2011,26(4):501-507.
[11]李生宇,雷加强,徐新文,等.塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地阻沙栅栏对垄间新月形沙丘形态的影响[J].干旱区地理,2008,31(6):910-917.
[12]BOROWKA R K.Present day dune processes and dune morpholo-gy on the Leba Barrier,Polish coast of the Baltic[J].Geografiska Annaler,1980,62(A):75-82.
[13]JIMENEZ J A,MAIA L P,SERRA J,et al.Aeolian dune migration along the Ceara coast,north-eastern Brazil[J].Sedimentology,1999,46(4):689-701.
[14]社会石,哈斯.抛物线沙丘形态特征与土壤含水量和紧实度的关系研究[J].甘肃农业科技,2014(12):17-20.
[15]王宁波,李生宇,王海峰,等.塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地垄间地上覆沙丘形态的空间变化特征及其成因[J].干旱区地理,2014,37(1):89-96.
[16]张萍,哈斯,杜会石,等.抛物线形沙丘与油蒿灌丛之间的动态关系[J].科学通报,2011,56(35):3003-3010.
[17]武胜利,李志忠,肖晨曦,等.灌丛沙堆的研究进展与意义[J].中国沙漠,2006,26(5):734-738.
[18]刘世增,常兆丰,张剑辉,等.甘肃河西绿洲边缘积沙带所表征的气候环境信息[J].干旱区研究,2013,30(2):364-371.
[19]HUNTER R E,RICHMOND B M,ALPHA T R.Storm-controlled oblique dunes of the Oregon coast[J].Geological Society of America Bulletin,1983,94:1450-1465.
[20]姚俊强,刘志辉,杨青,等.近30年来中亚干旱区典型流域气温变化及其影响因子[J].地理科学,2014,69(3)291-302.
[21]魏文涛.现代沙漠对气候变化的响应与反馈:以古尔班通古特沙漠为例[J].科学通报,2000,45(6):636-641.
[22]黄蕊,徐利岗,刘俊民.中国西北干旱区气温时空变化特征[J].生态学报,2013,33(13):4078-4089.