结霜初期无液核形成时的抑霜研究
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摘要
通过系统地总结计算各种不溶表面上的成核能障,分析比较了冰晶在球面、平面和凹弧面上成核的难易。其中以球面上成核较难,凹弧面上成核较容易。异质核半径与新相核临界半径的比值大于10后,球面和凹弧面上成核都相当于平面上成核。想通过异质核表面形式来显著地影响新相成核,异质核半径与新相核临界半径的比值应在小于1的范围内。通过实验对比在结霜初期无液核生成时超疏水表面和普通表面上的结霜发现,此时超疏水表面不再具有延迟结霜的效果。
Nucleation of ice embryos on a planner, a convex surface and a concave surface are calculated, compared and analyzed systematically. The nucleation on a convex surface is harder,while the nucleation on a concave surface is relatively easier. When the ratio of the size of the foreign nucleus to the size of the critical nucleus of the new phase is larger than 10, there is no difference for different heterogeneous nucleation types of ice embryos. If significant influences on nucleation are expected of foreign surface characteristics, the above ratio should varies within the range 0 to 1. The experimental results show that, when there are no observable water drops develop at the early stage of frost formation, the hydrophobic surfaces have no anti-frosting performance.
Nucleation of ice embryos on a planner, a convex surface and a concave surface are calculated, compared and analyzed systematically. The nucleation on a convex surface is harder,while the nucleation on a concave surface is relatively easier. When the ratio of the size of the foreign nucleus to the size of the critical nucleus of the new phase is larger than 10, there is no difference for different heterogeneous nucleation types of ice embryos. If significant influences on nucleation are expected of foreign surface characteristics, the above ratio should varies within the range 0 to 1. The experimental results show that, when there are no observable water drops develop at the early stage of frost formation, the hydrophobic surfaces have no anti-frosting performance.
引文
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[10] LI Liyan, LIU Zhongliang, LI Yanxia, et al. Frost Deposition on a Horizontal Cryogenic Surface in Free Convection[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2017,113:166-175
[11]汪峰,梁彩华,张友法,等.结霜初期超疏水表面凝结液滴的自跳跃脱落及其对结霜过程的影响[J].东南大学学报,2016, 46(4):757-762WANG Feng, LIANG Caihua, ZHANG Youfa, et al.Jumping of Condensation Droplets on Super-hydrophobic Surfaces at Early Frosting Stage and its Effects on Frost Formation[J]. Journal of Southeast University(Natural Science Edition), 2016, 46(4):757-762
[12] HUANG Lingyan, LIU Zhongliang, LIU Yaomin, et al. Preparation and Anti-frosting Performance of SuperHydrophobic Surface Based on Copper Foil[J]. International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 2011, 50:432-439
[13] Mason B J. The Physics of Clouds[M]. London:Oxford University Press, 1971:173-192
[14]温智.金属基底微纳二级结构超疏水表面的制备及其保持冷凝液滴超疏水性能的研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2011WEN Zhi. Fabrications of Micro-and Nano-structure Superhydrophobic Metal Substrate Surfaces and Maintaining Condensation Drops in Cassie State[D]. Dalian:Dalian University of Technology, 2011
[2] LIU Zhongliang, WANG Hongyan, ZHANG Xinhua, et al.An Experimental Study on Minimizing Frost Depositionon a Cold Surface Under Natural Convection Conditions by Use of a Novel Anti-frosting Paint. Part II. LongTerm Performance, Frost Layer Observation and Mechanism Analysis[J]. International Journal of Refrigeration,2006, 29(2):237-242
[3] LIU Zhongliang, GOU Yujun, WANG Jieteng, et al. Frost Formation on a Super-Hydrophobic Surface Under Free Convection Conditions[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2008, 51:5975-5982
[4]张克从.近代晶体学基础(下)[M].第2版.北京:科学出版社,1987:89-91ZHANG Kecong. Modern crystallography[M]. The Second Volume. Beijing:Scientific Publishing House, 1987:89-91
[5]闵乃本.晶体生的物理基础[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1982:344-345WEN Naiben. Physical Fundamental of Crystal Growth[M]. Shanghai:Science and Technology Press, 1982:344-345
[6] Fletcher N H. Size Effect in Heterogeneous Nucleation[J].The Journal of Chemical Physics, 1958, 29:572-576
[7] Mahata P C, Alofs D J. Insoluble Condensation Nuclei:The Effect of Contact Angle, Surface Roughness and Adsorption[J]. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 1975,32(1):116-122
[8]王鹏飞,李子华.微观云物理学[M].北京:气相出版社,1989:67-96WANG Pengfei, LI Zihua. Micro Cloud Physics[M].Beijing:China Meteorological Press, 1989:67-96
[9] LIU Zhongliang, DONG Yuwan, LI Yanxia, et al. An Experimental Study of Frost Formation on Cryogenic Surfaces Under Free Convection Conditions[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2016, 97:569-577
[10] LI Liyan, LIU Zhongliang, LI Yanxia, et al. Frost Deposition on a Horizontal Cryogenic Surface in Free Convection[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2017,113:166-175
[11]汪峰,梁彩华,张友法,等.结霜初期超疏水表面凝结液滴的自跳跃脱落及其对结霜过程的影响[J].东南大学学报,2016, 46(4):757-762WANG Feng, LIANG Caihua, ZHANG Youfa, et al.Jumping of Condensation Droplets on Super-hydrophobic Surfaces at Early Frosting Stage and its Effects on Frost Formation[J]. Journal of Southeast University(Natural Science Edition), 2016, 46(4):757-762
[12] HUANG Lingyan, LIU Zhongliang, LIU Yaomin, et al. Preparation and Anti-frosting Performance of SuperHydrophobic Surface Based on Copper Foil[J]. International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 2011, 50:432-439
[13] Mason B J. The Physics of Clouds[M]. London:Oxford University Press, 1971:173-192
[14]温智.金属基底微纳二级结构超疏水表面的制备及其保持冷凝液滴超疏水性能的研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2011WEN Zhi. Fabrications of Micro-and Nano-structure Superhydrophobic Metal Substrate Surfaces and Maintaining Condensation Drops in Cassie State[D]. Dalian:Dalian University of Technology, 2011