网络信息资源聚合的著作权问题研究
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摘要
网络信息资源的聚合技术与服务已经成为国内研究前沿的热点。新技术的产生有可能会改变既有法律框架下的权益平衡,因而使相关权利主体在权责界定上产生争议,因此,本文结合案例、法律以及相关讨论,在聚合行为解构的基础上,探讨聚合过程中的关键技术是否存在侵权风险,讨论主要从以下几点展开:(1)超链接是否构成信息网络传播权侵权;(2)摘要、图片是否构成复制权侵权;(3)聚合结果是否构成改编权、演绎权侵权;(4)内容聚合是否涉及不正当竞争四个方面。最后,讨论了在现有的法律框架下,可以采取法律授权途径、合同授权途径和系统管理途径三个方面进行著作权的侵权风险规避,并就完善与聚合系统相关的著作权制度提出建议。
The aggregation technology and service of web resources have become hot research topic.The emergence of new technology may change the balance of rights and interests under the existing legal framework,thus making the relevant rights subject to dispute on the definition of rights and responsibilities.Through case analysis and textual analysis and based on deconstruction of in-depth aggregation of the resources,the research explores risks of the key technology in the web resources in-depth aggregation to infringe copyrights.The following four points are discussed:(1)Can the information network transmission right be infringed through hyperlinks?(2)Are abstracts or diagrams related to the infringement of copy right?(3)Is the result of the in-depth aggregation related to the problem of adaptation right and the deduction right?(4)Is the in-depth aggregation of web resources related to the unjustified competition?Finally,this research proposes three measures to avoid the risks of copyright infringement including legal authorization,other authorization and managerial methods under the existing legal system.
The aggregation technology and service of web resources have become hot research topic.The emergence of new technology may change the balance of rights and interests under the existing legal framework,thus making the relevant rights subject to dispute on the definition of rights and responsibilities.Through case analysis and textual analysis and based on deconstruction of in-depth aggregation of the resources,the research explores risks of the key technology in the web resources in-depth aggregation to infringe copyrights.The following four points are discussed:(1)Can the information network transmission right be infringed through hyperlinks?(2)Are abstracts or diagrams related to the infringement of copy right?(3)Is the result of the in-depth aggregation related to the problem of adaptation right and the deduction right?(4)Is the in-depth aggregation of web resources related to the unjustified competition?Finally,this research proposes three measures to avoid the risks of copyright infringement including legal authorization,other authorization and managerial methods under the existing legal system.
引文
1冯晓青,杨利华.试论信息技术挑战下中国现行《著作权法》的修改与完善[J].知识产权,1998(4):21-24.
2王迁.搜索引擎提供“快照”服务的著作权侵权问题研究[J].东方法学,2010(3):126-139.
3张钦坤,孟洁.搜索类新闻聚合APP的侵权认定分析[J].知识产权,2014(7):29-33,67.
4邵国松.新闻聚合的版权问题研究[J].南京社会科学,2015(5):90-97.
5程慧平.数字技术条件下版权法对私权保护贯彻利益平衡原则的研究[D].中国政法大学,2001:10.
6曹树金,马翠嫦.信息聚合概念的构成与聚合模式研究[J].中国图书馆学报,2016(3):4-19.
7蔡元臻.新媒体时代著作权法定许可制度的完善---以“今日头条”事件为切入点[J].法律科学西北政法学院学报,2015,33(4):43-51.
8 Mark Bartholomew.Protecting the performers:setting a new standard for character copyrightability[J].Social Science Electronic Publishing,2010,41(2):341.
9 Albritton M.Swatting spiders:an analysis of spider activity on the internet[J].Tulane Journal of Technology and Intellectual Property.2001(3):137-153.
10 Bishop A P.Digital libraries and knowledge disaggregation:the use of journal article components.ACM International Conference on Digital Libraries[C],Pittsburgh,USA,2013:29-39.
11 Ou S,Khoo C S G.Aggregating search results for social science by extracting and organizing research.In SIGIR 2008workshop on aggregated search[C],Singapore,2008.
12 Kimberley Isbell.The rise of the news aggregator:legal implications and best practices[EB/OL].[2016-05-10].http://www.dmlp.org/sites/citmedialaw.org/files/news%20aggre gation%20white%20paper.pdf.
13 Zachary M.Seward.Howard owens:“They would probably win on that one.”[EB/OL].[2016-05-07].http://www.niemanlab.org/2009/01/howard-owens-they-would-probably-win-onthat-one/.
14 Claire C,News W.AFP sues Google over copyrighted content[EB/OL].[2016-05-07].http://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/2005/mar/21/media.newmedia.
15 Park D S.The Associated Press V.All headline news:how hot news misappropriation will shape the unsettled customary practices of online journalism[J].Berkeley Technology Law Journal,2010(1):369-394.
16王迁.论“信息定位服务”提供者“间接侵权”行为的认定[J].知识产权,2006(1):11-18.
17李梅.文档分享平台中版权保护研究[D].武汉:中南民族大学,2012:44.
18任向东.网络著作权合理使用制度研究[J].南京邮电大学学报,2007,9(3):25-29,56.
19王迁.《信息网络传播权保护条例》中“避风港”规则的效力[J].法学,2010(6):128-140.
20杨勇.深度链接的法律规制探究[J].中国版权,2015(1):53-59.
21崔国斌.加框链接的著作权法规制[J].政治与法律,2014(5):75-93.
22孙万怀.慎终如始的民刑推演---网络服务提供行为的传播性质[J].政法论坛,2015(1):96-112.
23王迁.不要对百度文库过于苛刻[N].法制日报.2011-04-05(2).
24王迁.视频分享网站著作权侵权问题研究[J].法商研究,2010(1):85-94.
25 Geoghegan M,Klass D.Podcast solutions:the complete guide to audio and video podcasting,Second Edition(Solutions)[M].friends of ED,2007:119-150.
26 Tomàs-Buliart J,Fernández M,Soriano M.Traitor tracing over YouTube video service proof of concept[J].Telecommunication Systems,2010,45(1):47-60.
27王少徽.网络聚合类服务提供者责任研究[D].河北大学,2015:15-18.
28王迁.“今日头条”著作权侵权问题研究[J].中国版权,2014(4):5-10.
29薛亚君.新闻聚合行为的规制路径选择[J].青年记者,2015(35):61-62.
30 Anthony Falzone.The two faces of Perfect 10V.Google,center for internet and society[EB/OL].[2016-05-10].Http://CYBERLAW.STANFORD.EDU/node/5409.
31张意轩,余建斌,杨潇濛.网络版权诉讼再起,多家视频网站联合行动-百度被诉盗链盗播[N].人民日报,2013-11-14(9).
32王迁.网络环境中版权直接侵权的认定[J].东方法学,2009(2):12-21.
33王艳芳.《关于审理侵害信息网络传播权民事纠纷案件适用法律若干问题的规定》的理解与适用[J].人民司法,2013(9):14-21.
34许旭涛.网络深度链接之侵权界定[J].人民司法,2010(20):95-98.
35杨小兰.网络著作权研究.[M].北京.知识产权出版社.2012:119-121.
36张晰昕.涉及网页快照的著作权侵权构成[J].人民司法,2009(20):54-57.
37王迁.三论“信息定位服务提供者”间接侵权的认定---兼评“泛亚诉百度案”一审判决[J].知识产权,2009,19(2):3-12.
38刘妍.深层链接明星照,雅虎被判不侵权[J].电子知识产权,2008(12):10-10.
39王迁.搜索引擎提供“快照”服务的著作权侵权问题研究[J].东方法学,2010(3):126-139.
40刘家瑞.论我国网络服务商的避风港规则---兼评“十一大唱片公司诉雅虎案”[J].知识产权,2009,19(2):13-22.
41郑成思.知识产权法.[M].北京:法律出版社.1997:402.
42王迁.“垂直搜索”的著作权侵权问题研究---谦评“大众点评网诉爱帮网案”及“携程网诉趣拿网案”[J].电子知识产权,2009(11):50-55.
43余俊缘.内容聚合与深度链接相关版权问题探究---第二届中国互联网新型版权问题研讨会综述[J].中国版权,2014(6):46-49.
44何琼,吕璐.聚合型平台深层链接侵权问题研究---以设链方与被链方的关系为进路[J].电子知识产权,2015(10):5-14.
45李媛媛.搜索引擎网络著作权侵权研究[D].西南大学,2011:16-23.
46魏永征,王晋.从《今日头条》事件看新闻媒体维权[J].新闻记者,2014(7):43-44.
47曹文.网络转载摘编法定许可制度研究[D].中南大学,2010:28-30.
(1)http://biosearch.berkeley.edu/。
(2)http://www.cnki.net/。
2王迁.搜索引擎提供“快照”服务的著作权侵权问题研究[J].东方法学,2010(3):126-139.
3张钦坤,孟洁.搜索类新闻聚合APP的侵权认定分析[J].知识产权,2014(7):29-33,67.
4邵国松.新闻聚合的版权问题研究[J].南京社会科学,2015(5):90-97.
5程慧平.数字技术条件下版权法对私权保护贯彻利益平衡原则的研究[D].中国政法大学,2001:10.
6曹树金,马翠嫦.信息聚合概念的构成与聚合模式研究[J].中国图书馆学报,2016(3):4-19.
7蔡元臻.新媒体时代著作权法定许可制度的完善---以“今日头条”事件为切入点[J].法律科学西北政法学院学报,2015,33(4):43-51.
8 Mark Bartholomew.Protecting the performers:setting a new standard for character copyrightability[J].Social Science Electronic Publishing,2010,41(2):341.
9 Albritton M.Swatting spiders:an analysis of spider activity on the internet[J].Tulane Journal of Technology and Intellectual Property.2001(3):137-153.
10 Bishop A P.Digital libraries and knowledge disaggregation:the use of journal article components.ACM International Conference on Digital Libraries[C],Pittsburgh,USA,2013:29-39.
11 Ou S,Khoo C S G.Aggregating search results for social science by extracting and organizing research.In SIGIR 2008workshop on aggregated search[C],Singapore,2008.
12 Kimberley Isbell.The rise of the news aggregator:legal implications and best practices[EB/OL].[2016-05-10].http://www.dmlp.org/sites/citmedialaw.org/files/news%20aggre gation%20white%20paper.pdf.
13 Zachary M.Seward.Howard owens:“They would probably win on that one.”[EB/OL].[2016-05-07].http://www.niemanlab.org/2009/01/howard-owens-they-would-probably-win-onthat-one/.
14 Claire C,News W.AFP sues Google over copyrighted content[EB/OL].[2016-05-07].http://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/2005/mar/21/media.newmedia.
15 Park D S.The Associated Press V.All headline news:how hot news misappropriation will shape the unsettled customary practices of online journalism[J].Berkeley Technology Law Journal,2010(1):369-394.
16王迁.论“信息定位服务”提供者“间接侵权”行为的认定[J].知识产权,2006(1):11-18.
17李梅.文档分享平台中版权保护研究[D].武汉:中南民族大学,2012:44.
18任向东.网络著作权合理使用制度研究[J].南京邮电大学学报,2007,9(3):25-29,56.
19王迁.《信息网络传播权保护条例》中“避风港”规则的效力[J].法学,2010(6):128-140.
20杨勇.深度链接的法律规制探究[J].中国版权,2015(1):53-59.
21崔国斌.加框链接的著作权法规制[J].政治与法律,2014(5):75-93.
22孙万怀.慎终如始的民刑推演---网络服务提供行为的传播性质[J].政法论坛,2015(1):96-112.
23王迁.不要对百度文库过于苛刻[N].法制日报.2011-04-05(2).
24王迁.视频分享网站著作权侵权问题研究[J].法商研究,2010(1):85-94.
25 Geoghegan M,Klass D.Podcast solutions:the complete guide to audio and video podcasting,Second Edition(Solutions)[M].friends of ED,2007:119-150.
26 Tomàs-Buliart J,Fernández M,Soriano M.Traitor tracing over YouTube video service proof of concept[J].Telecommunication Systems,2010,45(1):47-60.
27王少徽.网络聚合类服务提供者责任研究[D].河北大学,2015:15-18.
28王迁.“今日头条”著作权侵权问题研究[J].中国版权,2014(4):5-10.
29薛亚君.新闻聚合行为的规制路径选择[J].青年记者,2015(35):61-62.
30 Anthony Falzone.The two faces of Perfect 10V.Google,center for internet and society[EB/OL].[2016-05-10].Http://CYBERLAW.STANFORD.EDU/node/5409.
31张意轩,余建斌,杨潇濛.网络版权诉讼再起,多家视频网站联合行动-百度被诉盗链盗播[N].人民日报,2013-11-14(9).
32王迁.网络环境中版权直接侵权的认定[J].东方法学,2009(2):12-21.
33王艳芳.《关于审理侵害信息网络传播权民事纠纷案件适用法律若干问题的规定》的理解与适用[J].人民司法,2013(9):14-21.
34许旭涛.网络深度链接之侵权界定[J].人民司法,2010(20):95-98.
35杨小兰.网络著作权研究.[M].北京.知识产权出版社.2012:119-121.
36张晰昕.涉及网页快照的著作权侵权构成[J].人民司法,2009(20):54-57.
37王迁.三论“信息定位服务提供者”间接侵权的认定---兼评“泛亚诉百度案”一审判决[J].知识产权,2009,19(2):3-12.
38刘妍.深层链接明星照,雅虎被判不侵权[J].电子知识产权,2008(12):10-10.
39王迁.搜索引擎提供“快照”服务的著作权侵权问题研究[J].东方法学,2010(3):126-139.
40刘家瑞.论我国网络服务商的避风港规则---兼评“十一大唱片公司诉雅虎案”[J].知识产权,2009,19(2):13-22.
41郑成思.知识产权法.[M].北京:法律出版社.1997:402.
42王迁.“垂直搜索”的著作权侵权问题研究---谦评“大众点评网诉爱帮网案”及“携程网诉趣拿网案”[J].电子知识产权,2009(11):50-55.
43余俊缘.内容聚合与深度链接相关版权问题探究---第二届中国互联网新型版权问题研讨会综述[J].中国版权,2014(6):46-49.
44何琼,吕璐.聚合型平台深层链接侵权问题研究---以设链方与被链方的关系为进路[J].电子知识产权,2015(10):5-14.
45李媛媛.搜索引擎网络著作权侵权研究[D].西南大学,2011:16-23.
46魏永征,王晋.从《今日头条》事件看新闻媒体维权[J].新闻记者,2014(7):43-44.
47曹文.网络转载摘编法定许可制度研究[D].中南大学,2010:28-30.
(1)http://biosearch.berkeley.edu/。
(2)http://www.cnki.net/。