Sm_2Co_(17)基永磁材料的研究进展
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摘要
Sm_2Co_(17)基永磁材料具有高的居里温度、优越的综合磁性能和良好的环境稳定性,在电动汽车、高铁等高技术和国防领域具有重要应用,西方各发达国家将Sm_2Co_(17)基永磁材料列为材料领域重点研究对象之一。我国早在20世纪70年代就开展钐钴永磁材料的研制,至今已有近40年的历史。Sm_2Co_(17)基永磁材料经过多年的发展,陆续形成高磁能积、低剩磁温度系数和高使用温度三大系列,国内外在这些方面已做了大量的研究工作。从高性能、低剩磁温度系数和高使用温度钐钴永磁材料方面梳理了钐钴永磁材料的研究进展,总结了钐钴永磁材料微结构和矫顽力相关的研究现状,并对Sm_2Co_(17)基永磁材料的发展方向提出展望。
Due to the high Curie temperature,superior magnetic properties and good environmental stability,Sm_2Co_(17)-based permanent magnet materials have been widely used in high-technology fields,such as electric vehicles,high-speed rail,etc.,as well as national defense scientific field. Western developed countries list Sm_2Co_(17)-based permanent magnet materials as one of the most important materials which should be researched. The development of samarium cobalt permanent magnetic materials has been nearly 40 years,and Sm_2Co_(17)-based permanent magnets have been developed as three series: high maximum-energyproduct,low remanence-temperature-coefficient and high-temperature materials. In this paper,based on the high performance,low temperature coefficient and high temperature application,the researches and developments of samarium cobalt permanent magnetic materials were summarized,and coercivity mechanism of Sm_2Co_(17)-based permanent magnetic materials was discussed.Finally,the development prospects of this type of permanent magnets were presented.
Due to the high Curie temperature,superior magnetic properties and good environmental stability,Sm_2Co_(17)-based permanent magnet materials have been widely used in high-technology fields,such as electric vehicles,high-speed rail,etc.,as well as national defense scientific field. Western developed countries list Sm_2Co_(17)-based permanent magnet materials as one of the most important materials which should be researched. The development of samarium cobalt permanent magnetic materials has been nearly 40 years,and Sm_2Co_(17)-based permanent magnets have been developed as three series: high maximum-energyproduct,low remanence-temperature-coefficient and high-temperature materials. In this paper,based on the high performance,low temperature coefficient and high temperature application,the researches and developments of samarium cobalt permanent magnetic materials were summarized,and coercivity mechanism of Sm_2Co_(17)-based permanent magnetic materials was discussed.Finally,the development prospects of this type of permanent magnets were presented.
引文
[1]Liu J F,Marinescu M.Recent Developments in Sm(Co,Cu,Fe,Zr)z Magnets[C].New York:Rare Earth Permanent Magnets&Their Applications,2014:39-44.
[2]Liu J P,Fullerton E,Gutfleisch O,et al.Nanoscale Magnetic Materials and Applications[M].Springer Science Business Media,LLC,2009:337-372.
[3]Ray A E,Strant K J.Research and Development of Rare EarthTransition Metal Alloys as Permanent Magnet Materials[M].Technical Report AFML-TR-72-202,1971:8-26.
[4]Horiuchi Y,Hagiwara M,Okamoto K,et al.Effects of Solution Treated Temperature on the Structural and Magnetic Properties of Iron-Rich Sm(CoFeCuZr)z Sintered Magnet[J].IEEE Trans Magn,2013,49(7):3 221-3 224.
[5]Horiuchi Y,Hagiwara M,Okamoto K,et al.Effect of Pre-aging Treatment on the Microstructure and Magnetic Properties of Sm(Co,Fe,Cu,Zr)_(7.8)Sintered Magnets[J].Materials Transactions,2014,55(3):482-488.
[6]Horiuchi Y,Hagiwara M,Endo M,et al.Influence of Intermediate-Heat Treatment on the Structure and Magnetic Properties of Iron-Rich Sm(CoFeCuZr)_z Sintered Magnets[J].J Appl Phys,2015,117:17C704.
[7]Sun Wei(孙威),Zhu Minggang(朱明刚),Fang Yikun(方以坤),et al.高剩磁钐钻合金等温退火过程的组织演化和磁性能的关联[J].Chinese Journal of Rare Metals(稀有金属),2014,38(6):1017-1021.
[8]Sun W,Zhu M G,Fang Y K,et al.Magnetic Properties and Microstructures of High-Performance Sm_2Co_(17)Based Alloy[J].J Magn Magn Mater,2015,378:214-216.
[9]Liu S,Ray A E.Sm_2(Co,Fe,Cu,Zr)_(17)Magnets with High Fe Content[J].IEEE Trans Magn,1989,25:3785-3787.
[10]Fang Yikun(方以坤),Guo Zhaohui(郭朝晖),Zhu Minggang[1]Liu J F,Marinescu M.Recent Developments in Sm(Co,Cu,Fe,Zr)z Magnets[C].New York:Rare Earth Permanent Magnets&Their Applications,2014:39-44.[2]Liu J P,Fullerton E,Gutfleisch O,et al.Nanoscale Magnetic Materials and Applications[M].Springer Science Business Media,LLC,2009:337-372.[3]Ray A E,Strant K J.Research and Development of Rare EarthTransition Metal Alloys as Permanent Magnet Materials[M].Technical Report AFML-TR-72-202,1971:8-26.[4]Horiuchi Y,Hagiwara M,Okamoto K,et al.Effects of Solution Treated Temperature on the Structural and Magnetic Properties of Iron-Rich Sm(Co Fe Cu Zr)z Sintered Magnet[J].IEEE Trans Magn,2013,49(7):3 221-3 224.[5]Horiuchi Y,Hagiwara M,Okamoto K,et al.Effect of Pre-aging Treatment on the Microstructure and Magnetic Properties of Sm(Co,Fe,Cu,Zr)7.8Sintered Magnets[J].Materials Transactions,2014,55(3):482-488.[6]Horiuchi Y,Hagiwara M,Endo M,et al.Influence of Intermediate-Heat Treatment on the Structure and Magnetic Properties of Iron-Rich Sm(Co Fe Cu Zr)zSintered Magnets[J].J Appl Phys,2015,117:17C704.[7]Sun Wei(孙威),Zhu Minggang(朱明刚),Fang Yikun(方以坤),et al.高剩磁钐钴合金等温退火过程的组织演化和磁性能的关联[J].Chinese Journal of Rare Metals(稀有金属),2014,38(6):1 017-1 021.[8]Sun W,Zhu M G,Fang Y K,et al.Magnetic Properties and Microstructures of High-Performance Sm2Co17Based Alloy[J].J Magn Magn Mater,2015,378:214-216.[9]Liu S,Ray A E.Sm2(Co,Fe,Cu,Zr)17Magnets with High Fe Content[J].IEEE Trans Magn,1989,25:3 785-3 787.[10]Fang Yikun(方以坤),Guo Zhaohui(郭朝晖),Zhu Minggang(朱明刚),et al.Equipment and Method for Detecting Temperature Coefficient of Remanence(剩磁温度系数检测设备和方法):China,0452026.6[P].2011-12-19.[11]Kim A S.High Temperature Stability of Sm TM Magnets[J].Appl Phys,1998,83(11):6 715-6 717.[12]Liu J F,Ding Y,Zhang Y,et al.New Rare-Earth Permanent Magnets with an Intrinsic Coercivity of 10 k Oe at 500℃[J].J Appl Phys,1999,85(8):5 660-5 662.[13]Guo Z H,Pan W,Li W.Sm(Co,Fe,Cu,Zr)z Sintered Magnets with a Maximum Operating Temperature of 500℃[J].J Magn Magn Mater,2006,303:e396-e401.[14]Perry A J,Menth A.Permanent Magnets Based on Sm(Co,Fe,Cu,Zr)z[J].IEEE Trans Magn,1975,11(5):1 423-1 425.[15]Perry A J.The Eutectoid Transformation of Sm(Co,Cu)5[J].IEEE Trans Magn,1976,12(6):962-964.[16]Nagel H,Menth A.Influence of Cu-Content on the Hard Magnetic Properties of Sm(Co,Cu)2:17 Compounds[J].IEEE Trans Magn,1978,14(5):671-673.[17]Gopalan R,Xiong X Y,Ohkubo T,et al.Nanoscale Microstructure and Magnetic Properties of Melt-Spun Sm(Co0.725Fe0.1Cu0.12Zr0.04B0.015)7.4Ribbons[J].J Magn Magn Mater,2005,295(1):7-20.[18]Gopalan R,Ohkubo T,Hono K.Identification of the Cell Boundary Phase in the Isothermally Aged Commercial Sm(Co0.725Fe0.1Cu0.12Zr0.04)7.4Sintered Magnet[J].Scripta Materialia,2006,54:1 345-1 349.[19]Gopalan R,Hono K,Yan A,et al.Direct Evidence for Cu Concentration Variation and Its Correlation to Coercivity in Sm(Co0.74Fe0.1Cu0.12Zr0.04)7.4Ribbons[J].Scripta Materialia,2009,60:764-767.[20]Xiong X Y,Ohkubo T,Koyama T,et al.The Microstructure of Sintered Sm(Co0.72Fe0.20Cu0.055Zr0.025)7.5Permanent Magnet Studied by Atom Probe[J].Acta Materialia,2004,52:737-748.[21]Kronmüller H,Goll D.Micromagnetic Analysis of Pinning-Hardened Nanostructured,Nanocrystalline Sm2Co17Based Alloys[J].Scripta Materialia,2002,47:545-550.[22]Kronmüller H,Goll D.Analysis of the Temperature Dependence of the Coercive Field of Sm2Co17Based Magnets[J].Scripta Materialia,2003,48:833-838.[23]Lectard E,Allibert C H,Ballou R.Saturation Magnetization and Anisotropy Fields in the Sm(Co1-xCux)5Phases[J].J Appl Phys,1994,75:6277-6279.[24]Panagiotopoulos I,Gjoka M,Niarchos D.Angular Dependence of Coercivity in Sm(Co,Fe,Cu,Zr)z Magnets[J].J Magn Magn Mater,2004,279(2-3):389-395.[25]Gutfleisch O,Kronmüller H,Khlopkov K,et al.Evolution of Magnetic Domain Structures and Coercivity in High-Performance Sm Co 2:17-Type Permanent Magnets[J].Acta Materialia,2006,54:997-1008.[26]Fang Y K,Chang H W,Guo Z H,et al.Magnetic Microstructures of Phase-Separated Sm-Co 2∶17-Type Sintered Magnets[J].J Alloys and Comp,2008,462(1-2):376-380.[27]Li X M,Fang Y K,Guo Z H,et al.Magnetic Domain Structures of Precipitation-Hardened Sm Co 2∶17-Type Sintered Magnets:Heat Treatment Effect[J].Chinese Physics B,2008,17:2 281-2 287.[1]Liu J F,Marinescu M.Recent Developments in Sm(Co,Cu,Fe,Zr)z Magnets[C].New York:Rare Earth Permanent Magnets&Their Applications,2014:39-44.[2]Liu J P,Fullerton E,Gutfleisch O,et al.Nanoscale Magnetic Materials and Applications[M].Springer Science Business Media,LLC,2009:337-372.[3]Ray A E,Strant K J.Research and Development of Rare EarthTransition Metal Alloys as Permanent Magnet Materials[M].Technical Report AFML-TR-72-202,1971:8-26.[4]Horiuchi Y,Hagiwara M,Okamoto K,et al.Effects of Solution Treated Temperature on the Structural and Magnetic Properties of Iron-Rich Sm(Co Fe Cu Zr)z Sintered Magnet[J].IEEE Trans Magn,2013,49(7):3 221-3 224.[5]Horiuchi Y,Hagiwara M,Okamoto K,et al.Effect of Pre-aging Treatment on the Microstructure and Magnetic Properties of Sm(Co,Fe,Cu,Zr)7.8Sintered Magnets[J].Materials Transactions,2014,55(3):482-488.[6]Horiuchi Y,Hagiwara M,Endo M,et al.Influence of Intermediate-Heat Treatment on the Structure and Magnetic Properties of Iron-Rich Sm(Co Fe Cu Zr)zSintered Magnets[J].J Appl Phys,2015,117:17C704.[7]Sun Wei(孙威),Zhu Minggang(朱明刚),Fang Yikun(方以坤),et al.高剩磁钐钴合金等温退火过程的组织演化和磁性能的关联[J].Chinese Journal of Rare Metals(稀有金属),2014,38(6):1 017-1 021.[8]Sun W,Zhu M G,Fang Y K,et al.Magnetic Properties and Microstructures of High-Performance Sm2Co17Based Alloy[J].J Magn Magn Mater,2015,378:214-216.[9]Liu S,Ray A E.Sm2(Co,Fe,Cu,Zr)17Magnets with High Fe Content[J].IEEE Trans Magn,1989,25:3 785-3 787.[10]Fang Yikun(方以坤),Guo Zhaohui(郭朝晖),Zhu Minggang(朱明刚),et al.Equipment and Method for Detecting Temperature Coefficient of Remanence(剩磁温度系数检测设备和方法):China,0452026.6[P].2011-12-19.[11]Kim A S.High Temperature Stability of Sm TM Magnets[J].Appl Phys,1998,83(11):6 715-6 717.[12]Liu J F,Ding Y,Zhang Y,et al.New Rare-Earth Permanent Magnets with an Intrinsic Coercivity of 10 k Oe at 500℃[J].J Appl Phys,1999,85(8):5 660-5 662.[13]Guo Z H,Pan W,Li W.Sm(Co,Fe,Cu,Zr)z Sintered Magnets with a Maximum Operating Temperature of 500℃[J].J Magn Magn Mater,2006,303:e396-e401.[14]Perry A J,Menth A.Permanent Magnets Based on Sm(Co,Fe,Cu,Zr)z[J].IEEE Trans Magn,1975,11(5):1 423-1 425.[15]Perry A J.The Eutectoid Transformation of Sm(Co,Cu)5[J].IEEE Trans Magn,1976,12(6):962-964.[16]Nagel H,Menth A.Influence of Cu-Content on the Hard Magnetic Properties of Sm(Co,Cu)2:17 Compounds[J].IEEE Trans Magn,1978,14(5):671-673.[17]Gopalan R,Xiong X Y,Ohkubo T,et al.Nanoscale Microstructure and Magnetic Properties of Melt-Spun Sm(Co0.725Fe0.1Cu0.12Zr0.04B0.015)7.4Ribbons[J].J Magn Magn Mater,2005,295(1):7-20.[18]Gopalan R,Ohkubo T,Hono K.Identification of the Cell Boundary Phase in the Isothermally Aged Commercial Sm(Co0.725Fe0.1Cu0.12Zr0.04)7.4Sintered Magnet[J].Scripta Materialia,2006,54:1 345-1 349.[19]Gopalan R,Hono K,Yan A,et al.Direct Evidence for Cu Concentration Variation and Its Correlation to Coercivity in Sm(Co0.74Fe0.1Cu0.12Zr0.04)7.4Ribbons[J].Scripta Materialia,2009,60:764-767.[20]Xiong X Y,Ohkubo T,Koyama T,et al.The Microstructure of Sintered Sm(Co0.72Fe0.20Cu0.055Zr0.025)7.5Permanent Magnet Studied by Atom Probe[J].Acta Materialia,2004,52:737-748.[21]Kronmüller H,Goll D.Micromagnetic Analysis of Pinning-Hardened Nanostructured,Nanocrystalline Sm2Co17Based Alloys[J].Scripta Materialia,2002,47:545-550.[22]Kronmüller H,Goll D.Analysis of the Temperature Dependence of the Coercive Field of Sm2Co17Based Magnets[J].Scripta Materialia,2003,48:833-838.[23]Lectard E,Allibert C H,Ballou R.Saturation Magnetization and Anisotropy Fields in the Sm(Co1-xCux)5Phases[J].J Appl Phys,1994,75:6277-6279.[24]Panagiotopoulos I,Gjoka M,Niarchos D.Angular Dependence of Coercivity in Sm(Co,Fe,Cu,Zr)z Magnets[J].J Magn Magn Mater,2004,279(2-3):389-395.[25]Gutfleisch O,Kronmüller H,Khlopkov K,et al.Evolution of Magnetic Domain Structures and Coercivity in High-Performance Sm Co 2:17-Type Permanent Magnets[J].Acta Materialia,2006,54:997-1008.[26]Fang Y K,Chang H W,Guo Z H,et al.Magnetic Microstructures of Phase-Separated Sm-Co 2∶17-Type Sintered Magnets[J].J Alloys and Comp,2008,462(1-2):376-380.[27]Li X M,Fang Y K,Guo Z H,et al.Magnetic Domain Structures of Precipitation-Hardened Sm Co 2∶17-Type Sintered Magnets:Heat Treatment Effect[J].Chinese Physics B,2008,17:2 281-2 287.
[2]Liu J P,Fullerton E,Gutfleisch O,et al.Nanoscale Magnetic Materials and Applications[M].Springer Science Business Media,LLC,2009:337-372.
[3]Ray A E,Strant K J.Research and Development of Rare EarthTransition Metal Alloys as Permanent Magnet Materials[M].Technical Report AFML-TR-72-202,1971:8-26.
[4]Horiuchi Y,Hagiwara M,Okamoto K,et al.Effects of Solution Treated Temperature on the Structural and Magnetic Properties of Iron-Rich Sm(CoFeCuZr)z Sintered Magnet[J].IEEE Trans Magn,2013,49(7):3 221-3 224.
[5]Horiuchi Y,Hagiwara M,Okamoto K,et al.Effect of Pre-aging Treatment on the Microstructure and Magnetic Properties of Sm(Co,Fe,Cu,Zr)_(7.8)Sintered Magnets[J].Materials Transactions,2014,55(3):482-488.
[6]Horiuchi Y,Hagiwara M,Endo M,et al.Influence of Intermediate-Heat Treatment on the Structure and Magnetic Properties of Iron-Rich Sm(CoFeCuZr)_z Sintered Magnets[J].J Appl Phys,2015,117:17C704.
[7]Sun Wei(孙威),Zhu Minggang(朱明刚),Fang Yikun(方以坤),et al.高剩磁钐钻合金等温退火过程的组织演化和磁性能的关联[J].Chinese Journal of Rare Metals(稀有金属),2014,38(6):1017-1021.
[8]Sun W,Zhu M G,Fang Y K,et al.Magnetic Properties and Microstructures of High-Performance Sm_2Co_(17)Based Alloy[J].J Magn Magn Mater,2015,378:214-216.
[9]Liu S,Ray A E.Sm_2(Co,Fe,Cu,Zr)_(17)Magnets with High Fe Content[J].IEEE Trans Magn,1989,25:3785-3787.
[10]Fang Yikun(方以坤),Guo Zhaohui(郭朝晖),Zhu Minggang[1]Liu J F,Marinescu M.Recent Developments in Sm(Co,Cu,Fe,Zr)z Magnets[C].New York:Rare Earth Permanent Magnets&Their Applications,2014:39-44.[2]Liu J P,Fullerton E,Gutfleisch O,et al.Nanoscale Magnetic Materials and Applications[M].Springer Science Business Media,LLC,2009:337-372.[3]Ray A E,Strant K J.Research and Development of Rare EarthTransition Metal Alloys as Permanent Magnet Materials[M].Technical Report AFML-TR-72-202,1971:8-26.[4]Horiuchi Y,Hagiwara M,Okamoto K,et al.Effects of Solution Treated Temperature on the Structural and Magnetic Properties of Iron-Rich Sm(Co Fe Cu Zr)z Sintered Magnet[J].IEEE Trans Magn,2013,49(7):3 221-3 224.[5]Horiuchi Y,Hagiwara M,Okamoto K,et al.Effect of Pre-aging Treatment on the Microstructure and Magnetic Properties of Sm(Co,Fe,Cu,Zr)7.8Sintered Magnets[J].Materials Transactions,2014,55(3):482-488.[6]Horiuchi Y,Hagiwara M,Endo M,et al.Influence of Intermediate-Heat Treatment on the Structure and Magnetic Properties of Iron-Rich Sm(Co Fe Cu Zr)zSintered Magnets[J].J Appl Phys,2015,117:17C704.[7]Sun Wei(孙威),Zhu Minggang(朱明刚),Fang Yikun(方以坤),et al.高剩磁钐钴合金等温退火过程的组织演化和磁性能的关联[J].Chinese Journal of Rare Metals(稀有金属),2014,38(6):1 017-1 021.[8]Sun W,Zhu M G,Fang Y K,et al.Magnetic Properties and Microstructures of High-Performance Sm2Co17Based Alloy[J].J Magn Magn Mater,2015,378:214-216.[9]Liu S,Ray A E.Sm2(Co,Fe,Cu,Zr)17Magnets with High Fe Content[J].IEEE Trans Magn,1989,25:3 785-3 787.[10]Fang Yikun(方以坤),Guo Zhaohui(郭朝晖),Zhu Minggang(朱明刚),et al.Equipment and Method for Detecting Temperature Coefficient of Remanence(剩磁温度系数检测设备和方法):China,0452026.6[P].2011-12-19.[11]Kim A S.High Temperature Stability of Sm TM Magnets[J].Appl Phys,1998,83(11):6 715-6 717.[12]Liu J F,Ding Y,Zhang Y,et al.New Rare-Earth Permanent Magnets with an Intrinsic Coercivity of 10 k Oe at 500℃[J].J Appl Phys,1999,85(8):5 660-5 662.[13]Guo Z H,Pan W,Li W.Sm(Co,Fe,Cu,Zr)z Sintered Magnets with a Maximum Operating Temperature of 500℃[J].J Magn Magn Mater,2006,303:e396-e401.[14]Perry A J,Menth A.Permanent Magnets Based on Sm(Co,Fe,Cu,Zr)z[J].IEEE Trans Magn,1975,11(5):1 423-1 425.[15]Perry A J.The Eutectoid Transformation of Sm(Co,Cu)5[J].IEEE Trans Magn,1976,12(6):962-964.[16]Nagel H,Menth A.Influence of Cu-Content on the Hard Magnetic Properties of Sm(Co,Cu)2:17 Compounds[J].IEEE Trans Magn,1978,14(5):671-673.[17]Gopalan R,Xiong X Y,Ohkubo T,et al.Nanoscale Microstructure and Magnetic Properties of Melt-Spun Sm(Co0.725Fe0.1Cu0.12Zr0.04B0.015)7.4Ribbons[J].J Magn Magn Mater,2005,295(1):7-20.[18]Gopalan R,Ohkubo T,Hono K.Identification of the Cell Boundary Phase in the Isothermally Aged Commercial Sm(Co0.725Fe0.1Cu0.12Zr0.04)7.4Sintered Magnet[J].Scripta Materialia,2006,54:1 345-1 349.[19]Gopalan R,Hono K,Yan A,et al.Direct Evidence for Cu Concentration Variation and Its Correlation to Coercivity in Sm(Co0.74Fe0.1Cu0.12Zr0.04)7.4Ribbons[J].Scripta Materialia,2009,60:764-767.[20]Xiong X Y,Ohkubo T,Koyama T,et al.The Microstructure of Sintered Sm(Co0.72Fe0.20Cu0.055Zr0.025)7.5Permanent Magnet Studied by Atom Probe[J].Acta Materialia,2004,52:737-748.[21]Kronmüller H,Goll D.Micromagnetic Analysis of Pinning-Hardened Nanostructured,Nanocrystalline Sm2Co17Based Alloys[J].Scripta Materialia,2002,47:545-550.[22]Kronmüller H,Goll D.Analysis of the Temperature Dependence of the Coercive Field of Sm2Co17Based Magnets[J].Scripta Materialia,2003,48:833-838.[23]Lectard E,Allibert C H,Ballou R.Saturation Magnetization and Anisotropy Fields in the Sm(Co1-xCux)5Phases[J].J Appl Phys,1994,75:6277-6279.[24]Panagiotopoulos I,Gjoka M,Niarchos D.Angular Dependence of Coercivity in Sm(Co,Fe,Cu,Zr)z Magnets[J].J Magn Magn Mater,2004,279(2-3):389-395.[25]Gutfleisch O,Kronmüller H,Khlopkov K,et al.Evolution of Magnetic Domain Structures and Coercivity in High-Performance Sm Co 2:17-Type Permanent Magnets[J].Acta Materialia,2006,54:997-1008.[26]Fang Y K,Chang H W,Guo Z H,et al.Magnetic Microstructures of Phase-Separated Sm-Co 2∶17-Type Sintered Magnets[J].J Alloys and Comp,2008,462(1-2):376-380.[27]Li X M,Fang Y K,Guo Z H,et al.Magnetic Domain Structures of Precipitation-Hardened Sm Co 2∶17-Type Sintered Magnets:Heat Treatment Effect[J].Chinese Physics B,2008,17:2 281-2 287.[1]Liu J F,Marinescu M.Recent Developments in Sm(Co,Cu,Fe,Zr)z Magnets[C].New York:Rare Earth Permanent Magnets&Their Applications,2014:39-44.[2]Liu J P,Fullerton E,Gutfleisch O,et al.Nanoscale Magnetic Materials and Applications[M].Springer Science Business Media,LLC,2009:337-372.[3]Ray A E,Strant K J.Research and Development of Rare EarthTransition Metal Alloys as Permanent Magnet Materials[M].Technical Report AFML-TR-72-202,1971:8-26.[4]Horiuchi Y,Hagiwara M,Okamoto K,et al.Effects of Solution Treated Temperature on the Structural and Magnetic Properties of Iron-Rich Sm(Co Fe Cu Zr)z Sintered Magnet[J].IEEE Trans Magn,2013,49(7):3 221-3 224.[5]Horiuchi Y,Hagiwara M,Okamoto K,et al.Effect of Pre-aging Treatment on the Microstructure and Magnetic Properties of Sm(Co,Fe,Cu,Zr)7.8Sintered Magnets[J].Materials Transactions,2014,55(3):482-488.[6]Horiuchi Y,Hagiwara M,Endo M,et al.Influence of Intermediate-Heat Treatment on the Structure and Magnetic Properties of Iron-Rich Sm(Co Fe Cu Zr)zSintered Magnets[J].J Appl Phys,2015,117:17C704.[7]Sun Wei(孙威),Zhu Minggang(朱明刚),Fang Yikun(方以坤),et al.高剩磁钐钴合金等温退火过程的组织演化和磁性能的关联[J].Chinese Journal of Rare Metals(稀有金属),2014,38(6):1 017-1 021.[8]Sun W,Zhu M G,Fang Y K,et al.Magnetic Properties and Microstructures of High-Performance Sm2Co17Based Alloy[J].J Magn Magn Mater,2015,378:214-216.[9]Liu S,Ray A E.Sm2(Co,Fe,Cu,Zr)17Magnets with High Fe Content[J].IEEE Trans Magn,1989,25:3 785-3 787.[10]Fang Yikun(方以坤),Guo Zhaohui(郭朝晖),Zhu Minggang(朱明刚),et al.Equipment and Method for Detecting Temperature Coefficient of Remanence(剩磁温度系数检测设备和方法):China,0452026.6[P].2011-12-19.[11]Kim A S.High Temperature Stability of Sm TM Magnets[J].Appl Phys,1998,83(11):6 715-6 717.[12]Liu J F,Ding Y,Zhang Y,et al.New Rare-Earth Permanent Magnets with an Intrinsic Coercivity of 10 k Oe at 500℃[J].J Appl Phys,1999,85(8):5 660-5 662.[13]Guo Z H,Pan W,Li W.Sm(Co,Fe,Cu,Zr)z Sintered Magnets with a Maximum Operating Temperature of 500℃[J].J Magn Magn Mater,2006,303:e396-e401.[14]Perry A J,Menth A.Permanent Magnets Based on Sm(Co,Fe,Cu,Zr)z[J].IEEE Trans Magn,1975,11(5):1 423-1 425.[15]Perry A J.The Eutectoid Transformation of Sm(Co,Cu)5[J].IEEE Trans Magn,1976,12(6):962-964.[16]Nagel H,Menth A.Influence of Cu-Content on the Hard Magnetic Properties of Sm(Co,Cu)2:17 Compounds[J].IEEE Trans Magn,1978,14(5):671-673.[17]Gopalan R,Xiong X Y,Ohkubo T,et al.Nanoscale Microstructure and Magnetic Properties of Melt-Spun Sm(Co0.725Fe0.1Cu0.12Zr0.04B0.015)7.4Ribbons[J].J Magn Magn Mater,2005,295(1):7-20.[18]Gopalan R,Ohkubo T,Hono K.Identification of the Cell Boundary Phase in the Isothermally Aged Commercial Sm(Co0.725Fe0.1Cu0.12Zr0.04)7.4Sintered Magnet[J].Scripta Materialia,2006,54:1 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